In this paper we analyze the geological structure and prospects of hydrocarbon potential of the Paleozoic deposits in southeastern regions of West Siberia, including the Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk regions and the southwest of the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the left -bank part of the Yenisei River. In the process of our studies, we analyzed the tectonic structure of the basement and made a conclusion that most of the studied area is occupied by the Central West Siberian zone of Late Hercynides. In the northeast of the Tomsk region and the adjacent area of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the cis -Yenisei Upper Protezoic-Paleozoic sedimentary subbasin, lying on the pre -Baikal basement, developed. We constructed regional -zonal models of the Riphean-Cambrian deposits of the cis -Yenisei subprovince and Paleozoic deposits in the area of distribution of Hercynides and analyzed the material composition and age of the rocks of the pre -Jurassic basement. We assessed hydrocarbon potential of the Upper Proterozoic-Paleozoic deposits, identified prospective blocks and objects, developed seismogeological criteria to identify and map in detail the Paleozoic oil and gas prospective reservoirs and constructed seismogeological models of reference fields.

Выполнен анализ результатов современных региональных сейсморазведочных работ и глубокого бурения в Присаяно-Енисейской перспективной нефтегазоносной области и на прилегающих тер­риториях Лено-Тунгусской нефтегазоносной провинции. Построены структурные карты по опорным отражающим горизонтам рифея, венда и нижнего кембрия, а также карты толщин рифейского и вендского­ терригенного сейсмогеологических комплексов. Построена тектоническая карта венд-палеозойского структурного яруса Присаяно-Енисейской синеклизы. Выполнено нефтегазогеологическое районирование Присаяно-Енисейской перспективной нефтегазоносной области, выделено восемь перспективных нефтегазоносных районов и выполнена количественная оценка перспектив нефтегазоносности. Начальные суммарные геологические ресурсы углеводородов Присаяно-Енисейской перспективной нефтегазоносной области оценены в 3 млрд 231 млн т УУВ, в том числе газа в 3 трлн 39 млрд м3 и конденсата в 192.7 млн т. Показано, что за 15—20 лет в Присаяно-Енисейской перспективной нефтегазоносной области могут быть подготовлены значительные запасы газа — до 1 трлн м3. Предложено рассматривать в качестве будущего центра газохимии и переработки газа пос. Богучаны. This study presents the results of recent regional seismic exploration and deep drilling efforts in the Sayan–Yenisei syneclise and adjacent areas of the Lena–Tunguska petroleum province. These results were used to build a series of structure maps for Riphean, Vendian and Lower Cambrian reflectors; thickness maps of the Riphean and Vendian terrigenous geoseismic sequences within the syneclise, and a tectonic map of the Vendian–Paleozoic structural stage of the Sayan–Yenisei syneclise. The proposed oil and gas geological zoning of the Sayan–Yenisei potential petroleum area enabled us to identify eight potential petroleum regions and perform a quantitative assessment of the hydrocarbon potential. The original in-place resources of the Sayan–Yenisei potential petroleum area are estimated to be 3 billion 231 million tons of hydrocarbon equivalent, including 3 trillion 39 billion m3 of gas and 192.7 million tons of condensate. It is shown that over next 15–20 years, up to 1 trillion m3 gas reserves can be explored in the Sayan–Yenisei potential petroleum area. It is proposed to consider the Boguchany village as a large gas conversion and helium production center.

issue of the journal is dedicated to the 90th birthday of Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences A.E. Kontorovich. This introductory article reviews the included materials. The topics of the articles are closely connected to the scientific interests of Aleksei Emilievich, even though they are not fully represented. This anniversary issue includes articles concerning topical questions of geology, tectonics, stratigraphy, petroleum potential, as well as various aspects and characteristics of oil and organic matter geochemistry in oil-and-gas source formations of sedimentary basins of Siberia and the Arctic. Among the many lines of research A.E. Kontorovich pursued was the geology and geochemistry of concentrated forms of subsoil organic matter - coal. Therefore, this issue logically ends with an article on the study of the most ancient Devonian coals.

A model of the geological structure was constructed and the oil and gas potential prospects of the Yenisei-Khatanga regional trough were assessed. Construction of seismogeological sections, structural and tectonic maps, structural and tectonic analysis was carried out. It was concluded that the Neocomian clinoform complex, which contains about 90 % of oil, gas and condensate reserves in this region, is of the greatest interest in the study area in terms of searching for large oil accumulations. It should be expected that significant oil reservoirs localized in the Berriasian–Valanginian sand formations will be controlled by complex structural-lithological and lithological non-anticlinal traps.

Кинетические характеристики керогена (распределение начального генерационного потенциала по энергиям активации и, соответствующие им, частотные факторы) определяют динамику генерации нафтидов при катагенезе. В известных публикациях, посвященных количественному моделированию процессов нафтидогенеза в куонамской нефтегазопроизводящей толще, кинетические характеристики принимались по аналогии с известными керогенами других комплексов и провинций. Представляется актуальным определение эффективных кинетических характеристик керогена куонамской нефтегазопроизводящей толщи по экспериментальным данным. Для оценки кинетических параметров выполнены специализированные многоскоростные пиролитические исследования. Отмечены вариации результатов пиролиза, предположительно связанные с условиями формирования керогенов и вмещающих пород на этапах накопления органического вещества и диагенеза. Фиксируется влияние карбонатности и содержания органического углерода на значение температуры второго пиролитического максимума. Для реконструкции средних (эффективных) кинетических характеристик керогенов куонамской нефтегазопроизводящей толщи использовались данные по керогенам из скважин Серкинского участка №5 и №10 и Тит-Эбя №6, которые менее преобразованы, чем керогены из скважины Усть-Майская №366 и, вероятно, находятся на начальных этапах мезокатагенеза. Дана оценка средних эффективных кинетических характеристик керогена на текущий момент и с поправкой на возможную частичную преобразованность эталонных образцов. Выполнено сравнение полученных эффективных кинетических моделей керогена с моделями керогенов различного генезиса, известными из литературы. Сделан вывод, что при выполнении регионального историко-генетического («бассейнового») моделирования генерации нафтидов в куонамской нефтегазопроизводящей толще в первом приближении можно использовать полученные эффективные кинетические характеристики или близкие к ним характеристики керогенов Менил-1 и Тип B. The kinetic characteristics of kerogen (activation energy and frequency factor distributions of the initial generative potential) determine the dynamics of naphthide generation during catagenesis. In the previous studies on quantitative modeling of naphthidogenesis in the Kuonamka source rocks, the kinetic characteristics were taken by analogy with the known kerogens from other complexes and provinces. It seems relevant to determine the effective kinetic characteristics of the kerogen from the Kuonamka source rocks from experimental data. To estimate the kinetic parameters, specialized multi-rate pyrolysis studies were performed. The variations in pyrolysis data was reported to be presumably associated with the conditions of kerogen and source rock formation during accumulation and diagenesis of organic matter. The effect of carbonate and organic carbon contents on the temperature range of the second pyrolysis peak is recorded. Reconstruction of the average (effective) kinetic characteristics of kerogens from the Kuonamka source rock, was conducted using data on kerogens from Serkinsky-5 and 10 and Tit-Ebya-6 wells, which are less degraded than kerogens from Ust'-Maiskaya-366 well and probably attained the early mesocatagenesis grades. The current average effective kinetic characteristics of kerogen were estimated and corrected for the possible partial degradation of reference samples. The obtained effective kinetic models of kerogen are compared with models of kerogens of various genetic types known from the literature. The estimated effective kinetic characteristics of kerogens or Menil-1 and Type B kerogens with similar characteristics are to be taken, as a first approximation, in regional historical-genetic (basin) modeling of naphthide generation in the Kuonamka source rock.

Статья посвящена анализу геологического строения и перспективам нефтегазоносности палеозойских отложений юго-восточных районов Западной Сибири, включающих Томскую, Новосибирскую, Омскую области и юго-запад Красноярского края в левобережной части Енисея. В процессе проведенных исследований проанализировано тектоническое строение фундамента, сделан вывод о том, что большую часть исследуемой территории занимает Центрально-Западно-Сибирская зона поздних герцинид, на северо-востоке Томской области и прилегающей территории Красноярского края развит Предъенисейский верхнепротезойско-палеозойский осадочный суббасейн, залегающий на добайкальском фундаменте; построены регионально-зональные модели рифей-кембрийских отложений Предъенисейской субпровинции и палеозойских отложений в зоне распространения герцинид; проанализирован вещественный состав и возраст пород доюрского основания; выполнен анализ перспектив нефтегазоносности верхнепротерозойско-палеозойских отложений, выделены нефтегазоперспективные блоки и объекты; разработаны сейсмогеологические критерии выявления и детального картирования палеозойских нефтегазоперспективных объектов; построены сейсмогеологические модели эталонных месторождений. In this paper we analyze the geological structure and prospects of hydrocarbon potential of the Paleozoic deposits in southeastern regions of West Siberia, including the Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk regions and the southwest of the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the left-bank part of the Yenisei River. In the process of our studies, we analyzed the tectonic structure of the basement and made a conclusion that most of the studied area is occupied by the Central West Siberian zone of Late Hercynides. In the northeast of the Tomsk region and the adjacent area of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the cis-Yenisei Upper Protezoic–Paleozoic sedimentary subbasin, lying on the pre-Baikal basement, developed. We constructed regional-zonal models of the Riphean–Cambrian deposits of the cis-Yenisei subprovince and Paleozoic deposits in the area of distribution of Hercynides and analyzed the material composition and age of the rocks of the pre-Jurassic basement. We assessed hydrocarbon potential of the Upper Proterozoic–Paleozoic deposits, identified prospective blocks and objects, developed seismogeological criteria to identify and map in detail the Paleozoic oil and gas prospective reservoirs and constructed seismogeological models of reference fields.

-The work is devoted to the analysis of the geological structure and assessment of the oil and gas potential of the Anabar-Khatanga and Lena-Anabar oil and gas areas (OGA) of the Lena-Tunguska oil and gas province, which are located on the continental margin of the Siberian Platform, on the coast of the Laptev Sea. Administratively, the study area includes the northeastern regions of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the northwest of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the offshore of the Khatanga Bay and the southern, transit part of the Laptev Sea (Khatanga-Lena interfluve). Based on integrated interpretation of geological and geophysical materials, we present regional-zonal models of the geology of the upper Proterozoic-Phanerozoic deposits of the Arctic regions of the Siberian Platform, sets of seismogeological sections, structural and parametric maps, results of structural-tectonic analysis, potential estimates of oil-producing formations; analysis of reservoir properties and types of oil and gas promising objects, and a quantitative assessment of hydrocarbon resources. The study area is of interest in terms of oil and gas potential. In this region, the Central Olgin field was discovered, numerous bitumen, oil and gas shows were noted. A series of oil-producing formations enriched in organic matter occurs in the sedimentary cover, and in the sections of all sedimentary complexes, high-capacity reservoirs are distinguished. There are prerequisites for the formation of both anticlinal and complex oil and gas promising objects. The prospects for the oil and gas potential of the Anabar-Khatanga OGA are mainly associated with Permian terrigenous deposits and Cambrian-Devonian carbonates. In the Lena-Anabar OGA, all upper Proterozoic-Paleozoic sedimentary complexes from the Riphean to the Permian level are of interest in terms of oil and gas potential.

--This study presents the results of recent regional seismic exploration and deep drilling efforts in the Sayan-Yenisei syneclise and adjacent areas of the Lena-Tunguska petroleum province. These results were used to build a series of structure maps for Riphean, Vendian and Lower Cambrian reflectors; thickness maps of the Riphean and Vendian terrigenous geoseismic sequences within the syneclise, and a tectonic map of the Vendian-Paleozoic structural stage of the Sayan-Yenisei syneclise. The proposed oil and gas geological zoning of the Sayan-Yenisei potential petroleum area enabled us to identify eight potential petroleum regions and perform a quantitative assessment of the hydrocarbon potential. The original in-place resources of the Sayan-Yenisei potential petroleum area are estimated to be 3 billion 231 mln tons of hydrocarbon equivalent, including 3 trillion 39 billion m3 of gas and 192.7 mln tons of condensate. It is shown that over next 15-20 years, up to 1 trillion m3 gas reserves can be explored in the Sayan-Yenisei potential petroleum area. It is proposed to consider the Boguchany village as a large gas conversion and helium production center.

The structure of the initial and predicted oil resources of the West Siberian petroleum province is quantitatively assessed. The assessment is based on the law of mass distribution of hydrocarbon accumulations, i.e., the truncated Pareto distribution and simulation modeling of the general set of oil fields. This approach makes it possible to estimate the amount of oil and the total oil resources concentrated in intervals of any size, in particular, in intervals of small and fine fields, in order to determine the economic efficiency of their development. The considered estimates do not apply to unconventional resources, such as the shale oil of the Bazhenov Formation.

—This study discusses the evolution of the composition of dispersed organic matter from the Bazhenov Formation (West Siberian petroleum basin) and the products of its catagenetic transformation on the basis of the balance and kinetic approaches to modeling of the catagenetic transformation of organic matter and its individual components, primarily kerogen. The results show that the variations in the elemental composition of kerogen and the extent of generation of both hydrocarbons and nonhydrocarbons can be quantitatively described using a simplified kinetic model. Preliminary estimates of the model parameters are given for the averaged Bazhenov-type kerogen. It is shown that numerical modeling of the catagenetic transformation of dispersed organic matter confirms the validity of the recognition of the main phase (zone) of oil generation and the main phase (zone) of gas generation.

We propose and test a method for probabilistic estimation of the scale and structure (distribution of helium concentrations in free gas, accumulations of different sizes, localization zones, and stratigraphic complexes) of helium and helium-containing gas resources. Summarizing the available geological information about the structure of the sedimentary cover and data on the revealed accumulations of helium-containing gases, we have first made probabilistic estimation of the scale and structure of their resources as well as helium resources in the central and southern areas of the Lena-Tunguska province. The forecast results will serve as a reliable basis for geological and economic estimation of helium resources, for long-term planning of gas field development in East Siberia and the Republic of Sakha, and for helium industrialization in these regions.

The West Siberian marine basin of the Volgian–initial Berriasian ages is described. It is shown that a marginal filter (according to A.P. Lisitsyn) functioned in the basin. The main mass of terrigenous sediments was deposited within the eastern margin of the sea. The central part of the basin only received a small amount of the terrigenous material. Water area of the West Siberian Sea was 2 mln 530 thou km2; eastern marginal filter, 535 thou km2; and open epicontinental marine basin, 1 mln 994 thou km2. Depth of the Volgian Sea was 500 m. Mass of sediments in the West Siberian Sea by the end of late diagenesis was 228.4 Tt (recalculated to the anhydrous material), with sediments in the eastern marginal filter accounting for 121.7 Tt. Bioproductivity of the Volgian–Berriasian West Siberian Sea was extremely high. The mass of living matter was composed of archaea, bacteria, and protozoan unicellular eucaryotes (organic-walled), as well as organisms with the siliceous (radiolarians) and carbonate skeleton (foraminifers and others). The rock mass formed from sediments of the central deep-water part of the basin at the stage of diagenesis was 106.7 Tt (recalculated to the anhydrous material), including the mass of organic matter (OM) accounting for 15.8 Tt; mineral (siliceous and carbonate) relicts of organisms, 67.8 Tt; and allothigenic components (clay minerals and iron hydroxides), 23.1 Tt. Analysis of the composition of kerogen (polymerlipids) revealed that the amount of OM transported to sediments was 15–20 times higher than the present-day amount in rocks of the Bazhenov Formation. At the stage of early diagenesis, the OM mass in sediments was as high as 235–320 Tt (recalculated to the anhydrous material). The Bazhenov Sea represented a huge natural ecosystem favorable for the generation, reworking, and accumulation of living matter relicts. At the stage of catagenesis, unique oil-and-gas resources were generated from OM masses deposited in this system.

Despite the known large natural bitumen accumulations and oil seeps in several kimberlite pipes along the periphery of the Sukhana sedimentary basin, interpreted as direct evidence of petroleum potential, the basin still remains one of the least studied (by geological and geophysical methods) regions of the Siberian Platform. The platform cover of the basin is composed by Riphean, Vendian, and Cambrian elastic (terrigenous) and carbonate deposits reaching 5.5-6 km in thickness in the central part of the basin. The hydrogeological specifics of the basin is largely governed by its location within the northern geocryological zone (Olenek cryoartesian basin) and is expressed as a continuous distribution of permafrost aggraded into the permafrost zone of unique thickness. Direct indicators of ore and gas presence are the East Anabar, Central Olenek, and Siligir-Markha fields of natural bitumen and oil shows in kimberlite pipes of the Daldyn-Alakit region (Udachnaya pipe). The bituminous-carbonate sediments of the Khatyspyt Formation (Vendian, Ediacaran) and the highly carbonaceous carbonate-siliceous-shaly sediments of the Kuonamka Formation (lower-middle Cambrian) are the Sukhana source rock complexes. The geochemically substantiated genetic relationship between the natural bitumen deposits of the East Anabar field and the organic matter of the Vendian Khatyspyt Formation makes it possible to estimate the area of the spread of the latter far to the west, beyond the axial part of the basin. Gammacerane, inherited from the organic matter of the Khatyspyt Formation and ranking as well-preserved and most characteristic biomarker of these bitumens, provides a compelling evidence of their consanguinity. The bitumen and oil of kimberlite pipes in the south of the basin, in the area of reefs of the Siligir-Marldia bar, are similar in all geochemical criteria to oils of the Nepa-Botuobiya anteclise. In particular, in primary geochemical characteristics (12- and 13-monomethylallcanes, unique secosteranes, identical carbon isotope composition, etc.) the oils of the Udachnaya pipe are identical to the Irelyakh oils (oil field in the Miniyi arch). No accumulations of oil or natural bitumen genetically related to the highly carbonaceous Kuonamka Formation have been found within the basin. At the same time, "intrafonnational" shows of viscous oil, solid bitumen, and allochthonous bitumen (bitumen extracted with chloro-form) were documented directly in the sections of the formation, which makes the sedimentary basin a very attractive target for "shale oil" exploration. As for the regional assessment of the petroleum potential of the entire basin, its axial part (Sukhana depression) complicated by local uplifts is of the greatest intert. Both the Khatyspyt and Kuonamka Formations are widespread there, with the thermal maturity of their organic matter corresponding to the oil window. In addition, the regional reservoirs at the Vendian-Cambrian boundary have good petrophysical properties on both the western and the eastern flanks of the basin.

Рассмотрен Западно-Сибирский морской бассейн волжского — начала берриасского веков. Показано, что в бассейне действовал маргинальный фильтр (по А. П. Лисицыну). Основная масса терригенных осадков накопилась в пределах восточной окраины моря. В центральную часть бассейна попадало небольшое количество терригенного материала. Акватория Западно-Сибирского моря имела площадь 2 млн 530 тыс. км2, акватория восточного маргинального фильтра составляла 535 тыс. км2, область открытого эпиконтинентального морского бассейна — 1 млн 994 тыс. км2. Глубина волжского моря достигала 500 м. Масса осадков в Западно-Сибирском море к окончанию стадии позднего диагенеза составляла 228.4 трлн т (в пересчете на безводное вещество), из них осадков в зоне восточного маргинального фильтра — 121.7 трлн т. Биологическая продуктивность волжско-берриасского Западно-Сибирского моря была исключительно высокой. Основную массу живого вещества формировали археи, бактерии и простейшие одноклеточные эукариоты — органостенные, а также организмы с кремнистым (радиолярии) и карбонатным скелетом (фораминиферы и др.). Масса пород, сформировавшихся из осадков центральной глубоководной части бассейна на стадии диагенеза, составляла 106.7 трлн т (в пересчете на безводное вещество), в том числе масса органического вещества (ОВ) — 15.8 трлн т; минеральных (кремниевых и карбонатных) остатков организмов — 67.8 трлн т; аллотигенных компонентов, представленных глинистыми минералами и гидроксидами железа — 23.1 трлн т. Анализ состава керогена (полимерлипиды) показывает, что органического вещества в осадки поступало в 15–20 раз больше, чем содержится в породах баженовской свиты в настоящее время, и на стадии раннего диагенеза масса ОВ в осадках (в пересчете на безводное вещество) составляла 235–320 трлн т. Баженовское море представляло собой гигантскую природную экосистему по генерации, переработке и аккумуляции остатков живого вещества. Из накопленной в пределах этой системы массы ОВ на стадии катагенеза были выработаны уникальные ресурсы нефти и газа.

This article considers the most important aspects of the development of the oil and gas complex of Russia. The exhausted paradigm of development of the country's raw material base should be changed to prevent a drop in oil production in Russia. The sedimentary basins in the shelves of the Russian part of the Arctic Ocean, poorly studied provinces on land, and unique unconventional oil deposits (Bazhenov, Domanik, Khadum, Kuonam, and other formations) should be primarily used to search for oil deposits in the twenty-first century. In addition, the focus should be on the small and smallest reserves of mature oil-and-gas provinces that should be developed by attracting small and medium-sized enterprises that can provide up to 20% of oil production in the country in the near future. Priority technological tasks to switch the Russian oil and gas complex from extensive to intensive development are formulated.

На представительной коллекции (276 проб) изучена геохимия элементного и изотопного составов керогена баженовского горизонта(баженовская свита и ее возрастные аналоги) Западно-Сибирского осадочного бассейна, построены карты изменения его элементногосостава. По элементному составу керогена выполнены определения типов органического вещества (по содержанию Н, С), исходных компонентов живого вещества – источников вещества керогена (по содержанию H, N), обстановок захоронения органического вещества вдиагенезе (по содержанию S), уровня катагенетической преобразованности керогена (по содержанию С, О). Кероген в центральных,западных и южных районах Западно-Сибирского бассейна вплоть до границы выклинивания пород баженовского горизонта содержитводород в высоких концентрациях (до 8–9%) и обогащен изотопом углерода 12 С (δ 13 С‰ от -35 до -29), что указывает на егополимерлипидную, аквагенную природу. Кероген баженовского горизонта (градация катагенеза МК 1 ) северо-восточных районов бассейнасодержит водород в существенно меньших концентрациях (2–4%). Построена карта типов органического вещества в породах баженовского горизонта.