The control and protection systems that have made it possible to create a unique 3-modulator pulse power supply for the ILU-14 accelerator are described. Attention is also paid to the development of electronic and software tools that allowed the expansion of the field of application of a powerful electron accelerator with energies up to 10 MeV in industry. The accelerator is the main element of an industrial irradiation complex that processes medical and industrial products.

This study is devoted to the development and industrial implementation of automated electron-beam irradiation systems based on ILU type accelerators, as well as the development of electronics and software for the creation of new technological solutions on the industrial application of accelerated electron beams. This study gives a description of the power-supply and control systems for an independent electron-beam scanning unit included in a universal one-or four-window extraction unit. The new control and protection systems for ILU accelerator pulsed power supply are also described; these systems resulted in the development of a unique 3-modulator power supply for the multiresonator ILU-14 accelerator.

В ИЯФ СО РАН им. Г.И. Будкера разработан новый мощный (до 100 кВт) промышленный линейный ускоритель электронов ИЛУ-14 на энергию 7.5–10 МэВ. Рабочая частота ускорителя 176 МГц, полный к.п.д. 26%. Ускоритель имеет модульную структуру, что позволяет путем изменения модульной комплектации менять в определенных пределах энергию электронов и мощность в пучке. В настоящее время изготовлен и успешно прошел испытания прототип этого ускорителя. В экспериментах подтверждены расчетные параметры: энергия 5 МэВ, средний за в.ч.-период ток пучка 600 мА, импульсная мощность пучка 2.5 МВт и электронный к.п.д. ускоряющей структуры 68%. Благодаря подаче дополнительного в.ч.-напряжения на зазор сетка–катод пушки достигнуто токопрохождение электронного пучка 96% и получен малый энергетический разброс пучка. Прототип ускорителя ИЛУ-14 может быть использован как самостоятельный ускоритель с мощностью в пучке 50 кВт.

This paper describes the industrial electron accelerators of the ILU type and their usage for sterilization. The ILU machines produced by Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics have energy range of 0.8-10 MeV and beam power up to 100 kW, and they are working in industries all over the world. The ILU-10 and ILU-14 machines are described as well as the industrial sterilization facility based on ILU-6, ILU-10 and ILU-14 machines.

A new high-power (up to 100 kW) industrial electron linear accelerator ILU-14 for energies of 7.5–10.0 MeV has been developed by the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. The operating frequency of the accelerator is 176 MHz, and the total efficiency is 26%. Owing to the modular structure of the accelerator, the electron energy and the beam power can be varied within certain limits by changing the modular arrangement. A 5-MeV prototype of this accelerator has been produced and successfully tested. Its design parameters verified in the experiments are as follows: the beam current averaged over the RF period is 600 mA, the beam pulse power is 2.5 MW, and the electron efficiency of the accelerating structure is 68%. By applying an additional RF voltage to the electron gun cathode-grid gap, a 96% transmittance of the beam current has been attained at a minor beam energy spread. The prototype of the ILU-14 accelerator can be used as an accelerator with a beam power of 50 kW.

The report describes ILU type industrial electron accelerators. It describes their main parameters, design, principle of action, electron beam extraction devices, wide set of auxiliary equipment for various technological processes and ways of their usage.

In 2006, the work was continued at the linear accelerator-injector of TNK facility, Zelenograd. In November-December, the linear accelerator conditioning was carried out to increase the output electron energy. The accelerated electron beam was obtained at the Faraday's cup located in the plane which was equivalent to the booster ring entrance point. The paper presents the accelerating structure conditioning results and diagrams of the beam pulse shape at the accelerator output and energy spectrum at the booster ring input.

The report describes the industrial electron accelerator ILU-10 for electron energy up to 5 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW specially designed for use in industrial applications. The operation regime is a pulsed regime, the maximum pulse repetition rate is 50 (60) Hz, a pulse duration is 0.4-0.5 ms.

The paper describes a compact electron beam source ELVI-200/2 with average electron energy of 200 keV. The source operates with pulse power up to 2 MW under average power not higher than 2 kW, pulse duration 0.2÷2 mks, and repetition rate up to 5 kHz. The electron beam is extracted through aluminium – beryllium alloy foil. The pulse duration and repetition rate can be changed from control desk. High-voltage generator for the source with output voltage up to 220 kV is realized using the voltage-doubling circuit which consists of 30 sections. The insulation type – gas, SF 6 under pressure of 8 atm. The cooling of the foil supporting tubes is provided by a water – alcohol mixture from an independent source.

The converters were designed for generation of intensive bremsstrahlung radiation. The powerful electron beam (5MeV, 50kW) was generated by ILU-10 accelerator. The converters differ in technology of manufacturing and material of target, tungsten carbide or tantalum. The aluminum board with the channels for cooling water is used as the base of the converter and filter for low energy part of bremsstrahlung spectrum. The converters can be installed in vacuum or outside the accelerator in air under the beam window. The results of testing of different converters are given.

The industrial storage facility has been developed and manufactured at Budker INP SB RAS. It contains an 80 MeV electron linear accelerator-injector and two electron storage rings: the lesser 450 MeV booster ring and the main 2.5 GeV storage ring. In 2002, the work on the accelerator assembling was begun. On December, 25 of this year the accelerator was started up, and the current at the linear accelerator output was obtained. The linear accelerator schematic together with a description of the 6 meter long accelerating DAW structure which operates at 2.8 GHz, are presented in the paper. The first results of the accelerator start-up are as follows: the accelerated electron current of ~50 mA with the energy of ~55-60 MeV.

To improve performance reliability of the ELIT-3A installation a new 19-beam electron gun with total diameter of the cathode 46 mm has been developed, constructed, and put into operation. Parameters of the accelerator are: - current 50 A; - electron energy 1.65 MeV; - pulse duration 11 µsec. During operation the multy-beam gun showed some essential advantages, namely: - the flow of electrons on electrodes is decreased considerably, that in turn has reduced number of break-downs in accelerating tube by order; - life-time of the gun is extended minimum 5 times due to lessening of the cathode current density; - new calculated optics allowed one to reduce the number of focusing magnetic lenses in the tube to single one compared to three required before. Being in exploitation for more than 5500 hours the gun reveals almost better emission characteristics than at the beginning. In the paper one can find more detailed description of the gun itself as well as results of experiment at ELIT.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ILU-10 ACCELERATOR The report describes the industrial electron accelerator ILU-10 for electron energy up to 5 MeV and beam power up to 50 kW specially designed for use in industrial applications. The ILU-10 accelerator generates the vertical electron beam. The beam line turns the beam through an angle of 90° and transports the beam to the vertically posed X-ray converter to generate the horizontal beam of X-rays. The basic component of the accelerator is a toroidal copper cavity with an operating frequency of 116 MHz with axial protrusions forming the accelerating gap having length of 270 mm. The protrusion shape was chosen from the conditions of the formation and focusing of an electron beam in the processes of its injection, acceleration and further passage through the extraction system with minimum losses.

During last years the demand for pasteurization and desinsection of various food products (meat, chicken, sea products, vegetables, fruits, etc.) had increased. The treatment of these products in industrial scale requires the usage of powerful electron accelerators with energy 5-10 MeV and beam power at least 50 kW or more. The report describes the ILU accelerators with energy range up to 10 MeV and beam power up to 150 kW. The different irradiation schemes in electron beam and X-ray modes for various products are described. The design of the X-ray converter and 90degrees beam bending system are also given. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

The studies on the creation of electron beam generators with an energy of several kJ per pulse, accelerating voltage up to several MeV, pulse duration of about 10S-5 with a high quality of the beam (low energy spread and small emittance)t and repetition rate up to ~100 pps were started at the Institute of Nuclear Physics (INP), Novosibirsk, in 1974. This work was initiated by Professor G.I.Budker who took active part in it.