The design and principle of operation of ILU-series industrial electron accelerators produced by the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics are considered using the examples of the ILU-10 accelerator with an accelerated-electron energy of 5 MeV and a mean beam power as high as 50 kW and the ILU-14 accelerator with an electron energy of up to 10 MeV and a beam power as high as 100 kW. The mechanisms of interaction between the electron beam and microbiological samples, the peculiarities of the depth profile of the absorbed dose in a substance, and the design of the electron-beam converter into bremsstrahlung are described. By using this converter, it is possible to increase the mass thickness of treated products several times compared to the electron mode. The throughput of ILU accelerators during radiation sterilization and electron pasteurization of products is estimated.

В данной работе представлены расчеты систем выпуска и поворота электронного пучка, разработанных для импульсных ускорителей электронов серии ИЛУ за последние годы. В частности, описана система сканирования пучка, отличительной особенностью которой от предыдущих аналогов является введение коррекции формы сканирующего магнитного поля. Приведены результаты испытаний данной системы на ускорителе ИЛУ-10 (5 МэВ, 50 кВт). Рассмотрена система выпуска пучка для ускорителя ИЛУ-14 (10 МэВ, 100 кВт), содержащая систему фокусировки пучка и коррекции его оси после выхода из ускоряющей структуры, а также выпускное устройство, позволяющее увеличить ширину сканирования пучка до 160 см. Также в работе описана система для поворота немонохроматичных электронных пучков, состоящая из двух магнитных зеркал, позволяющая компенсировать угловые расходимости пучка и получать после поворота электронный пучок с фазовыми характеристиками близкими к начальным. Приведены экспериментальные данные поворота электронного пучка на 180º.

.На ускорителе ИЛУ-6 в ИЯФе постоянно проводится радиационная обработка различных образцов. Основные направления работы: стерилизация и деконтаминация медицинской продукции, обработка пищевой и сельскохозяйственной продукции, исследование радиационной стойкости материалов, облучение биологических объектов, модификация органических соединений, в том числе энергонасыщенных, радиационная инициация полимеризации, радиационно-термическое воздействие на органические и неорганические соединения. На этой установке были отработаны процессы стерилизации имплантатов позвоночных дисков и радиационной модификации матриксов для имплантатов кровеносных сосудов. Диапазон рабочей дозы в экспериментах варьировался от 7 Гр при облучении мышей до 500 МГр при исследовании радиационной стойкости композитных материалов. При проведении радиационно-термических экспериментов максимальная температура в реакционной зоне достигла 1400°С.

В статье представлена работа стерилизационного комплекс ИЯФ СО РАН - НГУ созданного на территории ИЯФ СО РАН. Приводятся технические решения и параметры облучаемой продукции и дозные распределения. Так же представлены работы по отработке технологии стерилизации медицинских изделий. Затронуты вопросы обработки пищевых продуктов ионизирующим излучением. Представлены совместные с медиками новые разработки в области имплантологии и разработки нового биорезорбируемого гелевого носителя на основе хитозана.

The device and principle of operation of the pulse modulator, which is the power-supply system for the ILU series accelerators, as well as some features that arise during its operation, are described. The modulator is a device that is a nonlinear load for the supply network, as a result of which, in all phases of the supply network, an asymmetry of the current form occurs over the period of the network. This leads to the appearance of a constant current component in the phases of the supply transformer. To solve this problem, current balancing of the start time of modulators was proposed. Using this method, it is also possible to equalize the values of effective currents in phases. Another problem is the possibility of the appearance of higher harmonics in relation to the supply frequency in the phases of the power-supply network. To reduce the values of higher harmonics, it is proposed to install additional inductances in each phase of the power-supply network up to the modulator, which makes it possible to reduce the harmonic coefficient by half.

A pulsed power supply based on capacitive storage with a partial discharge for high-frequency pulsed linear electron accelerators of the ILU type is described. The maximum output pulse voltage of the source is 36 kV at a load current of up to 250 A and a pulse duration of up to 1 ms, and a pulse repetition rate of up to 100 Hz. The source is built according to a relatively simple modular scheme and consists of ten modules connected in series. It was assembled and tested with a load connection in one module. The circuit provides uniform current consumption in all phases of a 380 V three-phase supply network.

The control and protection systems that have made it possible to create a unique 3-modulator pulse power supply for the ILU-14 accelerator are described. Attention is also paid to the development of electronic and software tools that allowed the expansion of the field of application of a powerful electron accelerator with energies up to 10 MeV in industry. The accelerator is the main element of an industrial irradiation complex that processes medical and industrial products.

A system for rotating nonmonochromatic electron beams consisting of two identical magnetic mirrors, is described. The distribution of the magnetic field along the depth of the mirrors is formed in such a way that an increase in the magnetic field at the entrance to the mirror follows its decline according to a certain law. As a result, it is possible to compensate for the angular divergences of nonmonochromatic electron beams in the gaps of the mirrors and to obtain a beam with phase characteristics close to the initial ones after rotation. Calculations and experimental test data of such a device are given when the electron beam is rotated through 180°.

Electron beam treatment is used for food processing for decades to prevent or minimize food losses and prolong storage time. This process is also named cold pasteurization. Mixed feed ingredients supplied in Russia regularly occur to be contaminated. To reduce contamination level the contaminated mixed feed ingredients samples were treated by electron beam with doses from 2 to 12 kGy. The contamination levels were decreased to the level that ensuring storage time up to 1 year.

Pulse linear electron accelerators of the ILU type have been developed and produced by the Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, for more than 30 years. Their distinctive features are simplicity of design, convenience in operation, and reliability during long work under conditions of industrial production. ILU accelerators have a range of energy of 0.7–10 MeV at a power of accelerated beam of up to 100 kW and they are optimally suitable for use as universal sterilizing complexes. The scientific novelty of these accelerators consists of their capability to work both in the electron-treatment mode of production and in the bremsstrahlung generation mode, which has high penetrating power.

Implants are used in medical practice during decades. The ceramic implants are the new trend in medicine. The polymer implants are used for many years, and they are mainly sterilized by the radiation treatment. The article describes the new ceramic and polymer implants that were treated in the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics.

This study is devoted to the development and industrial implementation of automated electron-beam irradiation systems based on ILU type accelerators, as well as the development of electronics and software for the creation of new technological solutions on the industrial application of accelerated electron beams. This study gives a description of the power-supply and control systems for an independent electron-beam scanning unit included in a universal one-or four-window extraction unit. The new control and protection systems for ILU accelerator pulsed power supply are also described; these systems resulted in the development of a unique 3-modulator power supply for the multiresonator ILU-14 accelerator.

The strontium ferrite radiation-thermal synthesis process due to heating by intensive electron beam is described. The radiation-thermal and thermal strontium ferrite synthesis processes kinetics were studied and compared.

The radiation-thermal electron beam treatment of ore concentrates and its influence on the useful fractions yield are described.

The radiation-thermal paraffin cracking process was studied aiming to model heavy hydrocarbon radiation-thermal cracking. The skim yield dependences on the irradiation parameters are given.

Radiation-thermal synthesis of ferrite Ni0.75Zn0.25Fe2O4. was investigated. Comparative analysis of the reactivity of mechanically activated mixtures obtained from commercial oxides and from metal nanooxides was carried out. It was shown that the formation of mechanocomposite was necessary for the efficient reaction.