Thirty patients with low and moderate differentiated squamous-cell lung cancer were examined to investigate expression of cancer-associated proteins. The methods of polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were used. Epstein-Barr virus antigen and expression of mutant p53 protein were found in the tumor cells of the lung cancer patients. The obtained data of the character of molecular genetic disorders will entail early diagnosis, a choice of anti-tumor agents and their combination for an individual therapy of each patient.

Hypermethylation of the gene regulatory regions are common for many cancer diseases. In this work we applied GLAD-PCR assay for identificating of the aberrantly methylated RCGY sites in the regulatory regions of some downregulated genes in tissue samples of lung cancer (LC). This list includes EFEMP1, EPHA5, HOXA5, HOXA9, LHX1, MYF6, NID2, OTX1, PAX9, RARB, RASSF1A, RXRG, SIX6, SKOR1 and TERT genes. The results of DNA samples from 40 cancer and 25 normal lung tissues showed a good diagnostic potential of selected RCGY sites in regulatory regions of MYF6, SIX6, RXRG, LHX1, RASSF1A and TERT genes with relatively high sensitivity (80.0 %) and specificity (88.0 %) of LC detection in tumor DNA.

Treatment outcomes of 176 colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases were retrospectivelly analyzed. There were 86 men and 90 women in the age range 28 to 84 years. Multiple metastasis was detected in 79.5 % of patients and solitary metastasis in 20.5 % of patients. Cytoreductive surgery was performed in 30.7 % of patients and palliative surgery in 57.9 %. Surgical treatment was not performed in 5.1% of patients. The median survival time of patients after symptomatic surgeries was 10.8 months (1.5-26 months). Cytoreductive surgery increased the median survival time by more than 2 months (13 months, 2–44 months). Thus, radical surgery for colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases is justified by the increase in the median survival time of the patients.

Analysis of possibilities of low-field and high-field contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance tomography in diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. It has been shown that magnetic resonance tomography with contrast enhancement provides diagnosis of central and peripheral tumors of lungs with sensitivity over 95 % and specificity over 85 %. Also, the distribution of paramagnetic contrast in the tumor reflects distribution of viable tumor tissue and may be employed for the control of effectiveness of anticancer therapy

This paper is devoted to the assessment of potentials and prospects of population-based cancer registry of Tomsk region. Based on the analysis of diagnostic and treatment quality rates as well as survival rates calculated on the basis of depersonalized data of cancer registry, the current state of cancer care in Tomsk region was assessed. Recommendations for improving automated monitoring of cancer patients have been suggested

The study of polymorphic variants of GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1 genes from 61 patients with prostatic cancer (PC) has shown that incidence of 0/0 genotype GSTT1 and GSTM1 in PC patients was significantly higher of that in healthy men (n = 100) (34.4 and 15% in p = 0.007 and 60.7 and 43% in p = 0.04, respectively). PC risk in carriers of a GSTT1 deletion form was 2.97, CI95%--1.3-6.84, GSTM1--2.04 in CI95% 1.02-4.1. The analysis of combinations of pathological genotypes of xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes has demonstrated that 89.8% PC patients have a mutation in one of the genes GSTT1, GSTM1 or GSTP1.

Interaction between chemical compound of biological substrates (hair, tumor tissue) and laboratory and clinical parameters was determined for detecting progression of gastrointestinal tract cancer. The content of microelements such as zinc, copper, selenium, iron, iodine, mercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic and chromium in hair and epithelial lesions was estimated by the method of inversion voltamperometry. Fifty-four patients with stage I-IV cancer and 20 patients with benign tumors of the stomach, colon and rectum were examined. Mineral compound of papillomas was studied in 14 patients. The control group consisted of 74 healthy subjects. The study results showed that the level of CD95 on blood leukocytes was significantly increasing as the tumor was growing (r = 0,48; p 6+ levels in hair and tumor tissue (r = 0,54; p

Polymorphism of GSTT1 and GSTM1 variant genes of phase II biotransformation of xenobiotics was studied in 181 patients with lung cancer. Null genotype frequency in cancer patients was higher than in healthy subjects. It was still higher in metastatic cancer disseminated to the regional lymph nodes as compared with localized tumor.

This paper shows results of comparative study of DNA reparation system and gene polymorphism of biotransformation enzymes of xenobiotics in patients with lung cancer (LC), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy adults. We examined 50 patients with central LC: 41 males, 9 females with the average age of 56.57 ± 7.96 yrs treated in Oncology Research Institute in Tomsk. Comparative groups involved 46 chronic bronchitis patients with preneoplastic lesions of bronchial epithelium proved by morphologic and endoscopic examinations and 50 healthy men of the same age without respiratory pathology. Cell reparative activity was studied in blood lymphocytes. DNA samples of the LC and COPD patients were typed for polymorphism of GSTT1, GSTM1 and CYP2C19 biotransformation genes. The results showed reduced functional activity of DNA reparation systems as well as in chronic bronchitis patients and LC patients. Investigation of DNA reparative synthesis intensity revealed significant inhibition of this process in most of the LC patients. This intensity was related to a histological type of the tumour and its stage. The LC patients had decreased rate of the GSTM1 null genotype that could be specific for this pathology. The genotype spread in the LC patients greatly differed from that in healthy (p = 0.047) but the spread in the COPD patients was close to that in healthy. A difference between the LC patients and COPD patients was not found because of a small size of the groups. Thus, studies with larger sizes are required. Practical importance of such studies could be development of genotyping test sets to predict an increased risk for neoplasm occurrence.

The examination of 180 patients with central lung cancer was carried out with the aim to determine the association of proliferation and apoptosis markers with prognosis factors. The changes in expression of proliferation and apoptosis markers were shown to relate with histological tumor type, the lymph-node involvement the disease outcome and depend on genetic information of Epstain-Barr virus in to the tumor cells.

The study of 93 patients with lung cancer and 48 patients with chronic non-specific lung diseases has been carried out with the aim to investigate genes-enzymes of phase II xenobio-tics biotransformation (GSTTl, GSTMl}. The increase in the frequency of zero genotype of GSTTl gene in patients with lung cancer and in patients with chronic non-specific lung diseases has been shown. The high frequency of zero genotype of GSTMl gene in patients with chronic non-specific lung diseases has been revealed.

A high single dose of radiation can be delivered precisely to tumor or regional metastasis area by means of intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT). A program of combined treatment including radical IORT, postoperative distant gamma-therapy and adjuvant polychemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide has been developed at the Center. Treatment was given to 43 patients with stage III lung cancer. Complications were reported in 23.3 +/- 6.0%. Prophylactic methods have been worked out to minimize IORT--related postoperative complications. The postoperative lethality rate was 2.3 +/- 1.4%. No program-related hazards have been observed. Complications from adjuvant polychemotherapy were moderate.

Autoantibody levels in patients with malignancies of the oral cavity and lung and autoimmune disorders have been assayed. It was found that tumors initiated polymorphous autoimmune reactions to various tissue antigens. Autoantibody production rates in tumor patients were comparable with those in autoimmune disorders. The role of autoimmune reactions in cancer pathogenesis is discussed.

The results of 28 bronchoplastic operations for non-small cell lung cancer and 3-8 year follow-up have been evaluated. Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) (10 Gy) was conducted in 6 patients. IORT was used as a component of combined treatment with good results and without postoperative complications.