Crowdfunding has become a pivotal fundraising method for environmental organizations. How-ever, the fundraising performance of environmental crowdfunding projects remains subpar, prompting the need for improvements. Effectively addressing this challenge entails the precise prediction of each project's fundraising performance and a comprehensive understanding of the intricate correlations between various features and fundraising success. In response to these imperatives, this study introduces an interpretable framework meticulously designed for pre-dicting the fundraising performance of environmental crowdfunding projects. This comprehen-sive framework integrates ten theoretically significant features to form the predictive model's feature set. It adopts a diverse array of eight algorithms for training and harnesses SHAP values and ALE plots for insightful post-hoc interpretation, thereby providing valuable insights into the nuanced roles played by these features. Validated on a dataset comprising 3,101 environmental crowdfunding projects from Tencent Charity, the proposed framework outperforms state-of-the -art methods, demonstrating an improvement of 5.9% in predictive performance. Furthermore, the post-hoc interpretation techniques accurately depict the roles of the features. This study carries substantial practical implications for environmental crowdfunding project creators to optimize project design, for crowdfunding platform administrators to enhance platform perfor-mance, and for local governments to improve regional environmental governance.

气候政策体系中的一个重要环节是加强面向公众的气候变化传播.在传播中使用并创新框架策略能达到影响公众认知与行为,提升传播效果的目的.但现有气候变化传播框架策略研究在媒介选择和方法运用上存在不足,难以支撑框架策略在形态丰富性和识别准确性上的创新.从视频媒介YouTube上提取234个气候变化纪录片的字幕构建了130万单词量的语料库,并基于无监督机器学习的主题模型网络分析法识别其中的框架策略.结果发现,气候变化视频传播语料中存在"环境威胁框架""人类威胁框架"和"危机可控框架"3种策略.前两者分别强调气候变化对环境和人类生存的威胁;后者则强调气候变化所造成负面后果可通过科学、技术及多主体共同行动来有效控制.这是已有文献中未曾发现的复杂框架策略.研究发现对推进中国气候变化传播实践具有重要启示.

Helping new salespeople succeed is critical in sales force management. We develop a deep learning based recommender system to help new salespeople recognize suitable customers, leveraging historical sales records of experienced salespeople. One challenge is how to learn from experienced salespeople’s own failures, which are prevalent but often do not show up in sales records. We develop a parsimonious model to capture these “missing by choice” sales records and incorporate the model into a neural network to form an augmented, deep learning based recommender system. We validate our method using sales force transaction data from a large insurance company. Our method outperforms common benchmarks in prediction accuracy and recommendation quality, while being simple, interpretable, and flexible. We demonstrate the value of our method in improving sales force productivity.

助推策略在促进公众低碳行为方面具有效果佳且成本低的优势,但将其广泛运用到减碳政策中将引发公众对决策自主性可能被侵犯的担忧.助推型减碳政策要获得更高程度的公众支持,需要系统了解公众对助推型政策设计中多个属性的偏好.论文采用联合实验设计,从受益者、助推目标、公民社会参与、实施者、助推技术、透明性及替代技术这七个政策属性切入,分析了公众对助推型减碳政策的偏好,并使用机器学习方法探索了不同群体在助推型减碳政策偏好上的异质性.研究发现,公众偏好受益者为人类,助推目标为绿色出行及可持续电力消费行为,公民社会的参与以环保组织及大学与科研机构为代表,助推技术以运动式教育、积极框架与反馈策略为主,透明性高且用以取代税收政策的助推型减碳政策.公众对助推型减碳政策实施者属性中的四种类型无显著的偏好差异.不同文化世界观、不同气候变化风险感知的群体在助推型减碳政策偏好上具有较大差异.上述发现对助推型减碳政策的制定与推广有相应政策启示.

This study investigates how team leaders’ charismatic leadership affects their teams’ work performance. Drawing from social capital theory and the literature on social networks, we posit that team leaders’ charismatic leadership has a positive indirect effect on team performance via their centrality in the whole organizational influence network. We further identify informal leaders at the organizational level as a critical boundary condition under which charismatic leadership’s influence in the organizational network and its effectiveness in boosting team performance via leaders’ central positions are amplified. We tested our overall model using time-lagged, multi-source data collected from 150 insurance sales teams in two major provinces in China. The results lend support to our propositions. Our study contributes to the literature by illuminating a unique influence process that charismatic leadership shapes leaders’ central positions in the organization network and in turn their team performance.

期待性购买(Anticipatory Purchase)是指消费者基于未来能够有效使用所购产品的预期,而在当下作出购买决策的行为.现有研究对影响期待性购买决策的因素探讨尚不充分.本文基于动机性推理理论,提出消费者思考视角会影响期待性购买意愿这一核心假设,并进一步假设消费者想要实现与购买相关目标的动机强度与思考未来的不同焦点会调节思考视角与期待性购买意愿的关系.本文通过四个实验对三个假设进行检验,实验1和实验2的结果发现,相比当事人视角,从观察者视角思考购买后经历会降低期待性购买意愿;实验3与实验4的结果发现,思考视角对期待性购买的作用仅存在于高动机强度及过程性思考焦点条件下.本文研究结果推进了期待性购买领域相关研究,对企业营销实践改善和消费者福利提升也有重要意义.

Mental simulation is a potentially effective intervention method for pursuing goals and enhancing task performance. Little is known, however, about the application of this method for enhancing pro-environmental behavior. We examined whether asking individuals to mentally simulate themselves recycling impacted their intention to recycle and how the imagery perspective (i.e., actor's vs. observer's perspective) and thought focus (i.e., process vs. outcome focus) can enhance the potential effectiveness of mental simulation. Across three studies, we found support for the efficacy of recycling simulation in enhancing individuals' recycling behavior and intentions to recycle. This effect partly comes from warm-glow feelings about recycling. Furthermore, when individuals focus on the outcomes of recycling, adopting an observer's perspective leads to greater pro-recycling intentions. In contrast, when individuals focus on the processes of recycling, adopting an actor's perspective enhances pro-recycling intentions. The mechanisms that underlie the interaction effect, along with theoretical and practical implications, are examined and discussed.

不论是人类发展的新时代还是中国发展的新时代,都对公民科学素质提出了新的要求,赋予全民科学素质行动计划新的使命.在深入剖析新时代重要特征及其对公民科学素质新要求的基础上,从内容扩展、结构调整和重心转移三个方面对公民科学素质概念进行系统反思,提出新时代公民科学素质的概念应从"科学"适度扩展到"科学技术",应把科学文化素质、创新文化素质纳入公民科学素质的整体结构之中,提升公民科学素质的工作重心应进一步向体现新时代特点和要求的"能力"转移.进而探讨了改进公民科学素质测评体系和服务体系的新思路和新举措,提出应建立适应新时代要求和激励不断进阶的新基准体系,并改进相应测评方法,建立多层次、多类型的"目标-路径"联动的服务体系和行动体系.

Climate change entails uncertainties in the timing and scale of future impacts, imposing challenges to decision-making with intertemporal trade-offs. When making intertemporal trade-offs, future impacts are often considered distant and discounted in present decision-making and policy design. The future, however, is not only temporally distant but also perceived in culturally and psychologically different ways. Based on national statistics and individual-level survey data, statistical analyses show that both national and individual differences in future orientation affect climate perception and mitigation. At the national level, countries with languages that grammatically highlight the future are associated with higher climate concern, lower carbon emissions and energy use, and more progress in climate mitigation. Individual-level evidence suggests that future orientation helps the public understand complicated climate issues, make more personal mitigation but not necessarily collective action or policy support. The findings indicate the important role that subjective future orientation plays in climate perception and decision-making. Both behavioral intervention and climate communication can be designed based on future orientation to better address climate change.

ABSTRACT Drawing upon two independent samples from mainland China, we propose and investigate the deterrence function of leadership behavior focused on control. We suggest that controlling leadership, specifically, authoritarian leadership, deters employees’ deviance under certain conditions. That is, authoritarian leadership thwarts employees’ interpersonal deviance behavior when leaders send clear signals of potential punishments of non-compliance by showing low leader benevolence, and when employees are highly dependent on the leaders for important work resources. Results from two independent studies largely support our key propositions. Overall, these results add to the range of possible impacts that a leader can play in decreasing employee deviance. Theoretical implications and directions for follow-up research are discussed.

Taking a social-technical dimensions view of total quality management (TQM) practice, this study examines the impact of social and technical TQM factors on the performance of service firms in China. We choose senior leadership and customer orientation as social factors, and process management as a technical factor. A mediation model is developed to postulate the mediating role of process management between senior leadership, customer orientation, and service firm performance. Data were collected through questionnaires from 182 Chinese service firms, and a technique of structural equation modelling was used to test the mediation model. The results indicate different paths to service firm performance from different factors of TQM practice. Process management affects service firm performance directly and positively. However, senior leadership and customer orientation indirectly influence service firm through the role of process management. It means that service firm performance depends directly on process management which can be promoted by senior leadership and customer orientation. In light of findings in this research, limitations and future research directions are subsequently addressed.

国内外学者对科学家参与科学传播的意愿和行为进行了大量研究,但对科学家感知科学传播的重要性如何受到自然环境及个体心理特征的影响尚缺乏研究.本文基于压力转换理论,建立不同主动性人格的科学家如何应对空气污染的两个假设,并通过匹配官方公布的空气污染监测数据与基于问卷调查的科学家自我报告数据对假设进行检验.结果 发现:面对空气污染时,强主动性的科学家会显著增强对科学传播重要性的感知,这种感知的改变是通过自我效能感增强实现的;而弱主动性的科学家在面对空气污染时,则不会改变对科学传播重要性的感知.该研究为理解外部环境压力下科学家如何对科学传播重要性做出判断提供了新的视角与证据.

Extant voice research has focused mainly on the conditions under which employees speak up, but we have limited knowledge about how employees speak up. This study examines voice tactics or the various ways in which employees express concerns to or share suggestions with their managers. Based on the notion that voice is a deliberative behavior, we draw upon a cost–benefit framework and propose that voice tactics are influenced by messages' characteristics and managers' stable and temporal characteristics. Specifically, we examine the joint effects of issue importance, perceived managerial openness, and managers' positive mood on employees' public (vs. private) and formal (vs. informal) voice tactics. Across two independent studies, our findings demonstrate that employees tend to use public channels and formal procedures only when three conditions are met simultaneously: (a) the issue is important, (b) managers are perceived as being open to employees' voice, and (c) managers are in a positive mood at the time of voicing. In addition, we found that speaking up via public channels or formal procedures is positively related to the success of voice.

Science communication helps the general public understand science breakthroughs, making them support evidence-based decision making. Therefore, science communication is of paramount importance for issues that closely relate to the public, such as sustainability, climate change, and environmental behaviors. The degree of scientists' involvement in science communication, however, is often inadequate in China. This article considers scientist engagement as a two-stage process consisting of participation and effort and then explores the causal effects of social factors in this process. Based on a field experiment with Chinese scientists, we find that, as social proof, information of peers' engagement significantly increases scientists' participation, but not their real efforts made in science communication; in-group meaning, which emphasizes the benefits of scientist communication to the science community, does not induce more participation but significantly increases average efforts of participants. A combination of social proof and in-group meaning can lead to greatest efforts of scientists to communicate with the general public.

Sustainable food consumption is an essential component of sustainable development. Previous literature mainly focused on consumers’ environmentally friendly consumption, and paid less attention to their avoidance of unsafe consumption. This article investigated the effect of loneliness—an important psychological and social trend—on consumers’ avoidance of unsafe food and the associated mechanisms. Based on a survey with 120 student participants and an experimental study with 315 non-student participants, we found that loneliness made consumers avoid unsafe food, but not safe food. We further verified that consumers’ perceived immune status and concern for negative impression worked as two mechanisms between the relationship of loneliness and food avoidance. Moreover, we revealed a moderating mediation effect of food safety risk, where the indirect effect of loneliness on food avoidance via both perceived immune status and concern for negative impression only existed for unsafe food. This article extended the research setting of sustainable consumption from increasing positive consumptions to decreasing negative ones, and identified the influential factors from the interaction of consumer characteristics and food features.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), consisting of 17 specific goals such as ending poverty, reducing inequality, and combating climate change, were proposed by the UN member states in 2014 for the ongoing UN agenda until 2030. These goals articulate the growing need for the international community to build a sustainable future. To progress and build a truly sustainable future requires not only the immediate support of individuals for the current SDGs, but also their personal long-term commitment to the needs of future generations (i.e., intergenerational altruism). Reminders of death can influence attitudes, motivation, and behavior in various aspects of our lives. In the current research, we thus explored whether reminding individuals of their own death will influence their intergenerational altruism and perceived importance of the SDGs. Using a three-condition (mortality salience vs. dentist visit vs. neutral) randomized experiment, we found that mortality salience led participants to place a higher priority on the needs of future generations only when compared to the neutral condition. Further, we conducted a factor analysis that generated two SDGs factors (socially related SDGs and ecologically related SDGs). We found that mortality salience reduced participants’ perceived importance of the socially related SDGs when compared to both the dentist visit and the neutral conditions, and mortality salience decreased participants’ perceived importance of the ecologically related SDGs only when compared to the neutral condition.

This study examined the role of individuals' cognitive flexibility and self-monitoring in shaping their workplace advice network centrality. Drawing on advice network generation theory, we hypothesized a positive relationship between cognitive flexibility and advice network centrality, and a moderation effect of self-monitoring on this relationship. Then, we collected two time-points data from insurance salesmen to test the hypotheses. As predicted, cognitive flexibility was positively associated with advice network centrality. Furthermore, this positive relationship was only significant for low self-monitoring individuals, but not for high self-monitoring individuals. These findings indicated that individuals with high cognitive flexibility were more likely to have central positions in the advice network; however, this effect was attenuated as their self-monitoring increased.

Information about climate change is a critical driver for individuals to take personal or collective actions to address climate issues. Empirical evidence is still weak and inconsistent, however, about how and when information facilitates climate action. Based on two rounds of survey including 1023 participants, we found a positive relationship between climate information and action, which was mediated by perceived risk of climate change. The relationship between climate information and action via risk perception was moderated by the credibility of information sources. Perceived credibility of the information providers, including both the media and organizations, strengthened the facilitating effect of information on climate action. The findings call for a more refined, credibility-based climate communication strategy.

Extensive research has identified negative social, economic, and environmental impacts of climate change and have therefore proposed mitigation and adaptation measures. Policy making and implementation of those measures depend on public awareness and risk perception of climate change. This article investigates the relationship between an individual's political ideology and risk perception of climate change, and particularly whether this relationship is affected by one's time orientation and knowledge. We confirm that individuals with a higher ideological agreement with liberalism perceive a higher risk of climate change. This positive effect, however, is further augmented by individuals' future time orientation, and lessened by their knowledge of climate change. Our findings suggest that it requires a more tailored strategy in climate communication in order to improve policy making and implementation.

当前企业界对顾客是谁的回答众说纷纭,最为流行的说法为“顾客是上帝”,但在中国零售企业实践中这一答案成立吗？文章运用多案例分析方法对三家成功的零售企业进行研究后发现,成功的中国零售企业将顾客视为“家人”或“老板”而非“上帝”.其形成机理如下:企业领导选择一种关系符号(如家人)并对其进行诠释,然后带领员工建立“家人式”的企业文化,让员工对企业产生依赖和忠诚并开心、努力地工作;企业同时编制员工手册,告诉员工相应的工作标准并给予个性化的工作权利,鼓励员工成为服务专家,惩戒和淘汰不达标的员工,以此提高员工的服务标准,从而形成家人式营销模式,即以服务出色为主要定位点,以产品优秀为次级定位点,其他要素定位也不低于行业平均水平.通过这一过程,企业和员工将“视顾客为谁”的关系符号由抽象认知转变为具体行动,最终达到提升顾客满意度的目的.