The effects of XQ528 tartrate on the embryonic and fetal development of fertile Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, along with their embryos and littermates, were evaluated using an embryo-fetus developmental toxicity assay. fertile SD rats exhibited no significant general toxic effects when administered doses of 0.25, 1.25, and 5.0 mg/kg intranasally from days 6 to 15 of gestation. The genotoxicity of the compound was evaluated through an amalgam of tests that included the Ames test, the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell chromosome aberration test, and the micronucleus test in ICR mice. The results from the Ames test indicated non-mutagenicity at concentrations of 5000, 500, 50.0, 5.0, and 0.5 mu g/dish across strains TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA1535. Additionally, the chromosomal aberration rates in CHO cells were not significantly altered at concentrations of 50.5, 101.0, and 202.0 mu g/mL. No micronuclei induction was observed in ICR mice at dosage levels of 11.25, 22.50, and 45.00 mg/kg post intranasal administration. In conclusion, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for developmental toxicity of XQ528 tartrate in fertile SD rats, embryos, and littermates under the test conditions in this study was established at 5.0 mg/kg/day. Under these test conditions, XQ528 tartrate did not exhibit any significant genotoxic or carcinogenic potential.

In the present study, the effects of levamlodipine benzenesulfonate on the development of fertile Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, their embryos, and littermates were assessed using an embryo-fetal developmental toxicity test. Maternal body weight reduction was observed at a dose of 20 mg/kg, but it recovered after treatment cessation. The 20 mg/kg dose group showed a skewed sex ratio in fetal rats, with a higher proportion of males. While some effects on fetal sternum development were observed at 20 mg/kg, no skeletal malformations were observed. No significant gross morphological abnormalities were detected in the dams (mothers), no significant embryotoxicity or foetotoxicity in fetal rats and no significant effects on fetal length and weight development at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg. Genotoxicity was evaluated using a combination of the Ames test, the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell chromosome aberration assay, and the ICR mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. The Ames test results indicated substantial bacteriostatic effects at doses of 500 and 5000 mg/dish, with no mutagenicity observed at doses of 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/dish. No significant effect on the aberration rate of CHO cell chromosomes was found at doses of 2.8, 5.6, and 11.2 mg/mL. In the ICR mouse micronucleus test, no micronucleus-inducing effect was observed at doses of 3.125, 6.25, and 12.5 mg/kg in each treatment group. In conclusion, under the conditions of this experiment, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for developmental toxicity of levamlodipine benzenesulfonate in fertile SD rats, their embryos, and littermates was established to be 10 mg/ kg/day. Levamlodipine benzenesulfonate did not exhibit significant genotoxicity.

Abstract Background Photo-thermo-sensitive male sterility (PTMS), which refers to the male sterility triggered by variations in photoperiod and temperature, is a crucial element in the wheat two-line hybrid system. The development of safe production and efficient propagation for male sterile lines holds utmost importance in two-line hybrid wheat. Under the stable photoperiod condition, PTMS is mainly induced by high or low temperatures in wheat, but the effect of daily temperature difference (DTD) on the fertility conversion of PTMS lines has not been reported. Here, three BS type PTMS lines including BS108, BS138, and BS366, as well as a control wheat variety J411 were used to analyze the correlation between fertility and DTD using differentially sowing tests, photo-thermo-control experiments, and transcriptome sequencing. Results The differentially sowing tests suggested that the optimal sowing time for safe seed production of the three PTMS lines was from October 5th to 25th in Dengzhou, China. Under the condition of 12 h 12 °C, the PTMS lines were greatly affected by DTD and exhibited complete male sterility at a temperature difference of 15 °C. Furthermore, under different temperature difference conditions, a total of 20,677 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained using RNA sequencing. Moreover, through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and KEGG enrichment analysis, the identified DEGs had a close association with “starch and sucrose metabolism”, “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”, “MAPK signaling pathway-plant”, “flavonoid biosynthesis”, and “cutin, and suberine and wax biosynthesis”. qRT-PCR analysis showed the expression levels of core genes related to KEGG pathways significantly decreased at a temperature difference of 15 ° C. Finally, we constructed a transcriptome mediated network of temperature difference affecting male sterility. Conclusions The findings provide important theoretical insights into the correlation between temperature difference and male sterility, providing guidance for the identification and selection of more secure and effective PTMS lines.

Flax is a flowering plant cultivated for its oil and contains various unsaturated fatty acids. Linseed oil is known as the "deep-sea fish oil" of plants, and is beneficial to brain and blood lipids, among other positive effects. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in plant growth and development. There are not many studies assessing how lncRNAs are related to the fatty acid synthesis of flax. The relative oil contents of the seeds of the variety Heiya NO.14 (for fiber) and the variety Macbeth (for oil) were determined at 5 day, 10 day, 20 day, and 30 day after flowering. We found that 10-20 day is an important period for ALA accumulation in the Macbeth variety. The strand-specific transcriptome data were analyzed at these four time points, and a series of lncRNAs related to flax seed development were screened. A competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed and the accuracy of the network was verified using qRT-PCR. MSTRG.20631.1 could act with miR156 on the same target, squamosa promoter-binding-like protein (SPL), to influence fatty acid biosynthesis through a gluconeogenesis-related pathway during flax seed development. This study provides a theoretical basis for future studies assessing the potential functions of lncRNAs during seed development.

The cultivation of herbicide-resistant crops is an effective tool for weed management in agriculture. Weed control in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) remains challenging due to the lack of available herbicide-resistant cultivars. In this study, a mutant resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides was obtained by ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) mutagenesis using an elite cultivar, Longya10. Whole-plant dose–response assays revealed that, compared to Longya10, the mutant was 11.57-fold more resistant to tribenuron-methyl (TBM) and slightly resistant to imazethapyr (resistance index (mutant/Longya10) < 3). In vitro acetolactate synthase assays showed that the relative resistance of the mutant was 12.63 times more than that of Longya10. A biochemical analysis indicated that there was a Pro197Ser (relative to the Arabidopsis thaliana ALS sequence) substitution within the LuALS1, conferring high resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides in the mutant. Additionally, two cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers, BsaI-LuALS1 and EcoO109I-LuALS1, were developed based on the mutation site for marker assistant selection in breeding. Moreover, the mutant did not cause losses in natural field conditions. We find a mutant with ALS-inhibiting herbicide resistance chemically induced by EMS mutagenesis, providing a valuable germplasm for breeding herbicide-resistant flax varieties.

二系杂交小麦育种是小麦产量提高的重要途径之一.光温敏雄性不育小麦生殖生长过程中花药的发育及开裂情况直接影响杂交小麦的制种效率和产量.植物花药的开裂与脱水活动紧密相关.水通道蛋白(aquaporins,AQPs)是高效转运水分及特异小分子的膜内在蛋白,其中质膜内在蛋白(plasma membrane intrinsic proteins,PIPs)在水分的吸收与外排中发挥着重要作用.为进一步了解水通道蛋白在小麦光温敏核雄性不育系花药开裂中的作用提供理论基础.本研究以不育系BS366花药的cDNA为模板,克隆获得了TaPIP1基因.利用生物信息学软件对TaPIP1进行分析,该基因包含一个879 bp的开放阅读框,编码292个氨基酸.TaPIP1的启动子区存在赤霉素、脱落酸、茉莉酸和光等响应元件.TaPIP1属于MIP超家族,具有典型的NPA保守结构域,亚细胞定位于细胞质膜与核膜上.miRNA互作预测发现TaPIP1受tae-miR1131与tae-miR408的剪切抑制,表明TaPIP1可能和与植物的抗氧化能力相关.通过蛋白互作预测及qPCR实验,表明TaPIP1可与热激蛋白(heat shock protein 90,TaHSP90)相互作用,在高温和干旱复合胁迫下,参与花药细胞壁膨压调控,进而调控花药的开裂.

Glycoside hydrolase family 9 (GH9) is a key member of the hydrolase family in the process of cellulose synthesis and hydrolysis, playing important roles in plant growth and development. In this study, we investigated the phenotypic characteristics and gene expression involved in pollen fertility conversion and anther dehiscence from a genomewide level. In total, 74 wheat GH9 genes (TaGH9s) were identified, which were classified into Class A, Class B and Class C and unevenly distributed on chromosomes. We also investigated the gene duplication and reveled that fragments and tandem repeats contributed to the amplification of TaGH9s. TaGH9s had abundant hormone-responsive elements and light-responsive elements, involving JA–ABA crosstalk to regulate anther development. Ten TaGH9s, which highly expressed stamen tissue, were selected to further validate their function in pollen fertility conversion and anther dehiscence. Based on the cell phenotype and the results of the scanning electron microscope at the anther dehiscence period, we found that seven TaGH9s may target miRNAs, including some known miRNAs (miR164 and miR398), regulate the level of cellulose by light and phytohormone and play important roles in pollen fertility and anther dehiscence. Finally, we proposed a hypothesis model to reveal the regulation pathway of TaGH9 on fertility conversion and anther dehiscence. Our study provides valuable insights into the GH9 family in explaining the male sterility mechanism of the wheat photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile (PTGMS) line and generates useful male sterile resources for improving wheat hybrid breeding.

Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (LACS), responsible for the conversion of free FAs into acyl-CoAs, is involved in multiple pathways of lipid metabolism. Although LACS genes in Arabidopsis have been well characterized, no detailed information concerning this family is available for wheat. In the present study, a systematic analysis was carried out for the wheat LACS family. As a result, 30 putative TaLACSs were identified. Expression analysis revealed that 22 Takacs were expressed in wheat anthers. Two orthologs of AtLACS1, TaLACS2 and TaLACS3, were repressed at the vacuolated stage in the cold-treated BS366 (a temperature-sensitive genic male-sterile line). Thus, TaLACS2 and TaLACS3 may function like AtLACS1 in wax biosynthesis in anthers, and the repression of both genes may be correlated with the male sterility of BS366. TaLACS5 is an ortholog of AtLACS5, which was expressed exclusively in anthers. TaLACS5 was repressed in the cold-treated BS366 at the tetrad, uninucleate, and vacuolated stages. The negative correlation between TaLACS5 and TaGAMYB-B, and the MYB domain found in the promoter sequence suggested that TaLACS5 may be negatively regulated by TaGAMYB-B to participate in wheat fertility. These findings will provide a valuable foundation for the understanding of the wheat LACS gene family in male fertility.

Thermo-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility (TCMS) plays a crucial role in hybrid production and hybrid breeding; however, there are few studies on molecular mechanisms related to anther abortion in the wheat TCMS line. In this study, FA99, a new wheat thermo-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility line, was investigated. Fertility conversion analysis showed that FA99 was mainly controlled by temperature, and the temperature-sensitive stage was pollen mother cell formation to a uninucleate stage. Further phenotypic identification and paraffin section showed that FA99 was characterized by indehiscent anthers and aborted pollen in a sterile environment and tapetum was degraded prematurely during the tetrad period, which was the critical abortion period of FA99. The contents of O2−, H2O2, MDA and POD were significantly changed in FA99 under a sterile environment by the determination of physiological indexes. Furthermore, through transcriptome analysis, 252 differentially expressed genes were identified, including 218 downregulated and 34 upregulated genes. Based on KOG function classification, GO enrichment and KEGG pathways analysis, it was evident that significant transcriptomic changes in FA99 under different fertility environments, and the major differences were “phenylalanine metabolism”, “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”, “cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis”, “phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis” and “citrate cycle (TCA cycle)”. Finally, we proposed an intriguing transcriptome-mediated pollen abortion and male sterility network for FA99. These findings provided data on the molecular mechanism of fertility conversion in thermo-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility wheat.

Anther dehiscence is an important process to release pollen and then is a critical event in pollination. In the wheat photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (PTGMS) line, pollen cannot release from anther since the anther cannot dehisce during anther dehiscence stage in a sterile condition. In this study, we carried out RNA-sequencing to analyze the transcriptome of one wheat PTGMS line BS366 during anther dehiscence under fertile and sterile conditions to explore the mechanism. We identified 6306 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and KEGG analysis showed that DEGs were mainly related to “hormone signal transduction pathway” and “starch and sucrose metabolism”. We identified 35 and 23 DEGs related hormone signal transduction and sucrose metabolism, respectively. Compared with conventional wheat Jing411, there were some changes in the contents of hormones, including JA, IAA, BR, ABA and GA3, and sucrose, during three anther dehiscence stages in the sterile condition in BS366. We performed qRT-PCR to verify the expression levels of some critical DEGs of the hormone signaling pathway and the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway. The results showed disparate expression patterns of the critical DEGs of the hormone signaling pathway and the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway in different conditions, suggesting these genes may be involved in the regulation of the anther dehiscence in BS366. Finally, we conducted a hypothesis model to reveal the regulation pathway of hormones and sucrose on anther dehiscence. The information provided new clues to the molecular mechanisms of anther dehiscence in wheat and improved wheat hybrid breeding.

油用亚麻(俗称胡麻)是我国重要的油料作物之一,也是干旱和半干旱地区的主要经济作物.近年来随着国家经济的发展和人们生活质量的提高,人们对油用亚麻的需求逐渐提升.建立一种快速高效便捷的油用亚麻遗传转化体系对油用亚麻分子育种具有重要意义.本实验以油用亚麻子叶节作为遗传转化的外植体,以草铵膦作为转基因植株筛选剂,通过农杆菌介导法转化油用亚麻,通过对各生长时期生长调节剂的配比筛选,优化出一套转化体系.该体系与传统的以下胚轴为外植体的转化方法相比,成苗时间能缩短至两个月,且阳性植株鉴定方法简便高效.该体系的开发为加快油用亚麻的分子育种与基因相关研究提供了有利条件.

Background LEA proteins are widely distributed in the plant and animal kingdoms, as well as in micro-organisms. LEA genes make up a large family and function in plant protection against a variety of adverse conditions. Results Bioinformatics approaches were adopted to identify LEA genes in the flax genome. In total, we found 50 LEA genes in the genome. We also conducted analyses of the physicochemical parameters and subcellular location of the genes and generated a phylogenetic tree. LuLEA genes were unevenly mapped among 15 flax chromosomes and 90% of the genes had less than two introns. Expression profiles of LuLEA showed that most LuLEA genes were expressed at a late stage of seed development. Functionally, the LuLEA1 gene reduced seed size and fatty acid contents in LuLEA1 -overexpressed transgenic Arabidopsis lines. Conclusion Our study adds valuable knowledge about LEA genes in flax which can be used to improve related genes of seed development.

Background It is well known that WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant growth and development, defense regulation and stress responses. Results In this study, a WRKY transcription factor, WRKY33, was cloned from Caragana korshinskii . A sequence structure analysis showed that it belonged to the Group-I type. Subcellular localization experiments in tobacco epidermal cells showed the presence of CkWRKY33 in the nucleus. Additionally, CkWRKY33 was overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana . A phenotypic investigation revealed that compared with wild-type plants, CkWRKY33 -overexpressing transgenic plants had higher survival rates, as well as relative soluble sugar, proline and peroxidase contents, but lower malondialdehyde contents, following a drought stress treatment. Conclusions This suggested that the overexpression of CkWRKY33 led to an enhanced drought-stress tolerance in transgenic A. thaliana . Thus, CkWRKY33 may act as a positive regulator involved in the drought-stress responses in Caragana korshinskii .

为探究小鼠孕晚期地塞米松应用对胚胎大脑皮质神经元迁移以及大脑发育的影响,健康孕鼠12只被随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组于母鼠孕第14.5～18.5天腹腔注射0.4 mg/kg地塞米松;对照组给予等剂量生理盐水.仔鼠于P0被断头取脑,多聚甲醛固定后振荡切片,免疫荧光标记大脑皮层Brn2阳性神经元,激光共聚焦显微镜拍照,观察皮层神经元迁移情况;仔鼠P4冰冻麻醉,大脑皮质蛋白取材,蛋白印迹检测仔鼠大脑皮质中摇晃蛋白(Reelin)的表达量.结果显示,对照组仔鼠脑重177.76 mg±3.79 mg,而试验组仔鼠脑重168.80 mg±4.24 mg,地塞米松处理后仔鼠大脑重量减轻;免疫荧光染色结果显示,对照组P0仔鼠中,由Brn2阳性神经元组成的大脑皮质Ⅱ-Ⅲ层的深度为122.06μm±5.37μm,试验组深度为158.20μm±9.54μm,处理组较对照组明显加深;蛋白印迹检测结果表明,地塞米松处理组P4仔鼠大脑皮质中Reelin表达下降.结果证明,孕晚期应用地塞米松可引起胚胎大脑皮质Reelin表达减少和神经元迁移障碍,导致大脑发育迟缓.

[目的]β-葡萄糖苷酶(4-β-D-glueosidase,BG)是一种水解酶,可以从糖聚合物或寡聚糖中水解糖苷键释放出非还原性糖基,对控制花药开裂具有重要作用.小麦光温敏雄性不育系BS366在不育环境下花药不开裂,在可育环境下花药开裂或不完全开裂.从BS366中克隆TaBG,分析其在花药开裂中的潜在功能,为进一步解析小麦光温敏雄性不育系花药开裂异常的分子机理提供理论基础.[方法]以不育系BS366花药的cDNA为模板,克隆TaBG;利用生物信息学软件对TaBG及其蛋白结构进行预测,构建系统进化树、预测互作蛋白并对TaBG进行上游启动子元件以及互作miRNA预测;构建TaBG-16318hGFP载体,观察其在小麦原生质体中的亚细胞定位;使用实时荧光定量PCR (qPCR)方法测定TaBG在不育环境、可育环境下不同发育时期花药中的表达量,以及MeJA处理下TaBG及与其互作的ta e-miR395a在花药和颖壳中的表达模式.[结果]TaBG属于糖基水解酶超家族基因,全长为1473 bp,编码490个氨基酸,蛋白理论等电点为8.12,属于不稳定的亲水性蛋白.通过miRNA互作预测,发现TaBG可能受miR169、miR395a等抗逆性相关的miRNA调控.通过蛋白互作预测,发现TaBG可能与氧化还原酶(glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase,GMC)、内切葡聚糖酶(endoglucanase,EG)等蛋白互作.TaBG定位于小麦原生质体的液泡中.qPCR结果表明,TaBG在花药发育双室期(stage13)、花药开裂时期(stage14)和衰退期(stage15)中的表达量呈现先升高后下降的趋势.在花药开裂时期表达量最高,并且在不开裂花药中的表达量是正常开裂花药的2.8倍.经MeJA处理后,花药和颖壳中的TaBG均呈下调表达,taee-miR395a表达模式与其相反.[结论]TaBG可能受miR169、miR395a等抗逆相关miRNA的调控,参与花药开裂调控.由于TaBG表达量的升高,增加了不育环境下花药中可溶性糖的含量,进而增加花药中的渗透势,从而减缓花药开裂时的脱水活动,导致花药不开裂.

The pollen fertility of photoperiod/temperature sensitive genic male sterile (P/TGMS) wheat is controlled by light and/or temperature. Circular RNA (circRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are known to participate in the development of anthers in plants, but their impact on male sterility in the P/TGMS line is not well understood. In this study, we carried out high-throughput sequencing to investigate the differential expression of lncRNAs and circRNAs and their biological functions in anthers of photo-thermosensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) wheat line BS366-42L during the transition phase of male fertility under four different photoperiod and temperature treatments. Eight lncRNAs, 40 mRNAs and three circRNAs were screened out and thought as essential candidates that closely related to male sterility. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to predict the potential functions of differentially expressed RNAs. The results indicated that carbohydrate-related metabolism was important for male sterility in the wheat PTGMS line BS366-42L. lncRNA/circRNA-mRNA-miRNA (ceRNA) integrate networks were constructed to reflect their complex inner association with male sterility. Our study provides a systematic perspective on the potential function of RNAs in male fertility in PTGMS lines of wheat.

Seed development plays an important role during the life cycle of plants. Linseed flax is an oil crop and the seed is a key organ for fatty acids synthesis and storage. So it is important to understand the molecular mechanism of fatty acid biosynthesis during seed development. In this study, four small RNA libraries from early seeds at 5, 10, 20 and 30 days after flowering (DAF) were constructed and used for high-throughput sequencing to identify microRNAs (miRNAs). A total of 235 miRNAs including 114 known conserved miRNAs and 121 novel miRNAs were identified. The expression patterns of these miRNAs in the four libraries were investigated by bioinformatics and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis. It was found that several miRNAs, including Lus-miRNA156a was significantly correlated with seed development process. In order to confirm the actual biological function of Lus-miRNA156a, over-expression vector was constructed and transformed to Arabidopsis. The phenotypes of homozygous transgenic lines showed decreasing of oil content and most of the fatty acid content in seeds as well as late flowering time. The results provided a clue that miRNA156a participating the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway and the detailed molecular mechanism of how it regulates the pathway needs to be further investigated.

胡麻(Linum usitatissimum L.)是我国主要油料作物之一,具有较强的耐旱、耐寒、耐贫瘠特性,株高不仅影响胡麻产量,同时与植株倒伏性相关,对胡麻籽品质也有一定影响.以加拿大油用亚麻品种Macbeth和中国纤用亚麻品种黑亚14号为亲本构建的包含155个株系的重组自交系群体为试验材料,统计了该群体在甘肃兰州和景泰、云南元谋及河北廊坊四点的株高性状,挑选在四个环境株高表现一致的高、低单株构建混合池进行QTL-seq.将分析结果和QTL定位结果进行比较分析后确认了QTL候选区段,锁定了一个胡麻株高候选基因LuCWINV1-1,其属于酸性转化酶中的细胞壁转化酶,包含保守的结构域NDPNG、RDP和MWECP.亲本中LuCWINV1-1基因组序列发生突变,导致Macbeth中第21位谷氨酸和第523位异亮氨酸在黑亚14中分别为甘氨酸和丙氨酸.通过转化拟南芥发现,两个亲本的等位基因对株高起着不同的效应作用,LuCWINV1-1Mac转基因株系的株高变低,LuCWINV1-1Hei转基因株系变高,表明该基因在胡麻中控制株高.上述结果为解析胡麻株高机制奠定了基础,同时,也探索出在小基因组作物中利用QTL-seq快速能有效克隆QTL候选基因,为后续鉴定克隆控制胡麻重要农艺性状的基因提供技术支撑.

miRNA是一段长约21 nt的RNA小分子,能够影响多种植物生理生化功能.CRISPR/Cas9是近年发展的可以靶向编辑DNA序列的技术,已广泛应用于多种植物.miR171a是一类保守的miRNA家族,参与对植物生长发育和逆境胁迫的调控.利用CRISPR/Cas9技术鉴定拟南芥miR171a的功能,结果表明基因编辑拟南芥株系中的miR171a表达量降低,靶基因SCL22表达量上调.干旱处理后基因编辑拟南芥株系中的脯氨酸含量上升幅度小于野生型.基因编辑拟南芥株系的叶绿素含量有不同程度的降低,株高和生长势增强.干旱胁迫结果显示对miR171的抑制使得拟南芥抗旱能力减弱,表明利用CRISPR技术鉴定miRNA的功能是有效的.

Caragana korshinskii Kom. is a legume shrub that is widely distributed across desert habitats with gravely, sandy, and saline soils in Asia and Africa. C. korshinskii has highly developed roots and a strong tolerance to abiotic stress. At present, there are few genetic studies of C. korshinskii because of the limited availability of genomic resources. To understand the comprehensive mechanisms that are associated with drought tolerance, we used RNA-seq to survey the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in comparisons of drought-treated and control plants. After analysing the sequencing results, we found 440 differentially expressed genes existing in drought-treated and control plants. Among the DEGs, 39 unigenes showed up-regulated expression after drought treatment, while 401 unigenes were down-regulated. We used the KEGG database to annotate these drought-induced genes; 126 unigenes were identified by KEGG pathway annotation, and approximately 28% of the unigenes with known function fell into categories related to fatty acid metabolism, starch, sucrose metabolism, and nitrogen metabolism, suggesting that these pathways or processes may be involved in the drought response. Finally, we confirmed that one gene has a potential function in drought tolerance. Our study is the first to provide transcriptomic resources for Caragana korshinskii and to determine its digital gene expression profile under conditions of drought stress using the assembled transcriptomic data for reference. These data provide a valuable resource for genetic and genomic studies of desert plants under abiotic stress conditions.