课程思政建设是高校落实立德树人的根本举措."能量代谢与内环境器官系统"是中南大学临床医学八年制器官系统模块教学的一个重要组成部分,如何在该系统教学过程中深化课程思政建设,是目前亟待解决的问题.为了解决这个问题,本研究围绕国家发展需求制订相应的素质目标和能力目标,将价值引领与专业教学相融合;充分凝练隐性思政教育元素,与显性专业教学内容进行整合;并将TBL+PBL、双师课堂等新型教学方式与传统课堂教学方式深度融合,将课程思政教育贯穿整个教学实施过程,从而实现全程育人、全方位育人.这种整合教学模式深入贯彻了"以学生发展为中心"的教学理念和"价值塑造、知识传授、能力培养、智慧启迪"的人才培养思想,力求培养出具有良好政治思想素质和社会责任感,学科基础扎实,具有创新精神和创新能力的医学人才.

为了确保新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控期间病理生理学在线学习与实体课堂的教学质量实质等效,中南大学病理生理学系教学团队对病理生理学在线教学进行了积极的探索和实践,制订SPOC+直播的在线混合式教学方案,并在2018级医学相关专业学生中实施.学生的问卷调查结果显示:80％以上的学生认为该课程的教学目标明确、教学安排合理、教学内容具有挑战性,且认为SPOC有助于课程学习,可促进主动学习和深度思考.该在线混合式教学方案强化了现代信息教育技术与病理生理学教学的融合,也为后期加强教育信息化建设、进一步深化教学改革进行了有益探索.

如何在混合式教学中与思想政治理论课同向同行,形成协同效应的课程思政,是当前高等教育改革的热点课题.中南大学病理生理学系教学团队在进行混合式教学改革中设立了以社会主义核心价值观为中心的思政教学目标,即社会主义核心价值观和责任感、医学生职业胜任力、辩证唯物主义世界观、批判性思维和创新意识.线上慕课通过案例,线下教学把思政融入专业讨论问题,建立起一种思政教学的新模式并取得了较好的教学效果.

本文通过无记名问卷调查,分析在中南大学湘雅医学院2016、2017级共470名医学博士研究生中开设的"人类疾病动物模型的研究进展"课程的教学满意度和教学效果.共发放无记名问卷470份,回收有效问卷449份,统计后获得如下评价结果:①大部分学生认为该课程很有实用性,很满意课程的教学方式,认为课程内容设置很好且授课信息量适中,对国内外研究现状的把握度很好;②大部分学生认为课程的很大程度完善了自身知识结构,培养了自身研究兴趣,提高了自身科研、创新能力."人类疾病动物模型的研究进展"课程通过设立教学目标,选择合适的教学内容与授课方式,已达到教学目的,在医学研究生教学中值得推广和应用.

Objectives To provide new ideas on how to shift students' learning attitude from passive learning to active learning, we explored and evaluated a case/problem-based and interactive teaching mode in pathophysiology curriculum . Methods Case/problem-based and interactive teaching mode is an innovative teaching model adopted in pathophysiology curriculum for grade 2015 students of 5-year program in clinical medicine and other medical students of non-clinical majors in Xiangya Medical School, Central South University. The teaching effectiveness of the case/problem-based and interactive teaching mode was evaluated by questionnaire survey, with 460 medical students enrolled in the survey whose approval degree on current teaching mode was analyzed . Excel was used to collect and process data , complete descriptive analysis and calculation of the percentage of indicators. Results A total of 460 anonymous questionnaires were distributed and 453 valid questionnaires were retrieved , from which the following information was obtained: ①Pre-class learners' guidance designed for current teaching mode: 88.7％ of students (402/453) believed that"Pre-class Learners' Guidance"motivated them to preview relevant teaching contents before class . 82 . 8％ of students ( 375/453 ) believed "Pre-class Learners' Guidance" improved discussion quality in class. 76.6％ of students (347/453) believed "Pre-class Learners' Guidance" expanded thinking and exploring space, while it did not increase student study burden (306/453, 67.6％).②Compared with traditional teaching mode , the case/problem-based and interactive teaching mode had following advantages:It's helpful to cultivate students' clinical thinking (414/453, 91.4％), strengthen students' memory and understanding during study (400/453, 88.3％), attract students' attention in class (380/453, 83.9％), and aroused student's interest in class discussion (327/453, 72.2％). ③83.4％ of students (379/453) preferred current teaching mode: they believed this teaching mode could improve students' ability to analyze and solve problems (325/453,71.7％), train clinical thinking (321/453, 70.9％), improve students' self-study ability (247/453, 54.5％) and increase students' capabilities of making summary and conclusion (197/453, 43.5％). Conclusion Case/problem-based and interactive teaching mode in pathophysiology curriculum enhances students' ability of self-studying, activates classroom's atmosphere, improves teaching quality, and effectively fosters students' clinical thinking. Therefore, this teaching mode deserves to be spread and applied in classroom teaching of pathophysiology and other basic medicine disciplines as well.

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The heat shock transcription factor (HSF) is an important transactivator of the heat shock genes. Recent studies have shown that HSF1 acts as a repressor of non-heat shock genes to protect against endotoxemia. In this study, we found that heat shock treatment and HSF1 over-expression augmented the induction of interleukin (IL)-10 mRNA. Computational analysis of the mouse IL-10 promoter region showed that three potential heat shock elements (HSEs) were located at mouse IL-10 gene promoter, among which only the −387/−360 probe formed a complex with HSF1. The lack of binding of the other two HSEs to HSF1 suggested the critical role of the flanking sequences in the binding specificity of HSE to HSF1. Moreover, we showed that HSF1 overexpression transactivated mouse IL-10 gene promoter and this transcriptional activation was inhibited by the mutation of HSE in the −387/−360 region of IL-10 gene promoter using luciferase reporter assay. These findings indicate that HSF1 is a transcriptional activator of anti-inflammatory mediator IL-10 gene in RAW264.7 macrophages.

<正>目的:探讨核仁素对心肌细胞自噬的影响及其机制。方法:采用心肌特异性过表达核仁素的转基因小鼠,结扎冠状动脉前降支30 min,构建心肌缺血损伤模型;采用real-time PCR和Western blotting检测自噬相关蛋白p62、LC3-I和LC3-II的

We have previously shown that heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) markedly inhibits H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis in mouse C2C12 myogenic cells by reducing the release of Smac. However, the molecular mechanism by which HSP70 interferes with Smac release during oxidative stress-induced apoptosis is not understood. In the current study, we showed that HSP70 increased the stability of Bcl-2 during oxidative stress. An antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide against Bcl-2 caused selective inhibition of Bcl-2 protein expression induced by HSP70 and significantly attenuated HSP70-mediated cell protection against H 2 O 2 -induced release of Smac and apoptosis. Taken together, our results indicate that there are important relationships among HSP70, Bcl-2, release of Smac, and induction of apoptosis by oxidative stress.

In order to elucidate the effect of heat shock response on TNF-α induced RAW264.7 macrophages migration,enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay(ELISA)was used to observe if TNF-α(20 μg/L)could induce the expression of inflammatory factors IL-1β,IL-6,IL-15;Western Blot assay was used to confirm that Heat shock pretreatmen(t42 ℃,1 h)could induce the expression of HSPs.Chemotaxis assay was used to observe the effect of TNF-α and heat shock response on RAW264.7 macrophages migration.It was found that TNF-α can induce the expression of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β,IL-6,IL-15;Heat shock response can induce the expression of HSP70,HSP90,HSP25;The migration of macrophages increased when treated with TNF-α,but heat shock response inhibited such effect.The result showed that heat shock response could inhibit RAW264.7 macrophages migration induced by TNF-α.

[目的]探讨肺癌患者外周血血浆中押癌基因Ras相关结构域家族1A(RASSFIA)和BLU基因启动子的甲基化状态及其临床意义.[方法]利用巢式甲基化特异性PCR(nMSP)法检测肺癌患者外周血血浆与正常人血浆中抑癌基因RASSF1A和BLU基因启动子的甲基化状态.[结果]58例肺癌患者血浆样品中分别发现22例(37.93%)RASSF1A基因启动子的异常甲基化和17例(29.31%)BLU基因启动子的异常甲基化,20例正常对照血浆中都未检测到RASSF1A和BLU基因启动子的异常甲基化,差异有显著性(P<0.01);但血浆中两基因甲基化检出率与患者性别、肺癌组织学分型及临床分期无明显相关性(P>0.05).[结论]利用nMSP法检测外周血血浆中RAsSF1A和BLU基因启动子的甲基化,可为肺癌的筛查、早期诊断提供有用的信息.

Nucleolin plays important roles in chromatin structure, rDNA transcription, rRNA maturation, nucleocytoplasmic transport, and ribosome assembly. Although it has been shown to be anti-apoptotic, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the current study, we first examined endogenous nucleolin expression in response to oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Flow cytometry and caspase activity assays showed that H 2 O 2 treatment caused apoptosis of the cells; reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting revealed the downregulation of nucleolin expression and increased protein cleavage during this process. Overexpression of nucleolin protein by transfecting cells with the full-length nucleolin cDNA inhibited apoptosis, but nucleolin deficiency brought about by transfection with antisense oligonucleotide increased apoptosis of HUVECs. Concurrently, the expression of the apoptotic protein gene Bax was also downregulated following nucleolin overexpression. All these results indicate an important negative regulatory role for nucleolin in the apoptosis of endothelial cells, likely involving the Bax pathway.

Although heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) has been shown to markedly inhibit H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis in C2C12 cells, and nucleolin/C23 has also been implicated in apoptosis, the relationship of these two molecules is still largely unknown. The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential involvement of nucleolin/C23 in the antiapoptotic mechanism of Hsp70. We found that primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes underwent apoptosis upon H(2)O(2) treatment, and in these cells nucleolin/C23 protein was highly unstable and had a half-life of less than 4 h. However, transfection with Hsp70 greatly stabilized nucleolin/C23 and also protected the cells from H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis. When nucleolin/C23 was knocked down with an antisense oligomer, H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis became more severe, even in Hsp70-overexpressed cells, demonstrating an essential role of nucleolin/C23 in the antiapoptotic effects of Hsp70. Similar results were obtained by both nuclear morphology observation and caspase-3 activity assay. Therefore, these data provide evidence that nucleolin/C23 is an essential downstream effecter of Hsp70 in the protection of cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis.

Objective:To investigate the transcriptional regulation effects of Mip1 on the apoptosis-related gene Bid in H9C2 cells.Methods:The core promoter regions of Bid gene were amplified by nest PCR using rat genomic DNA as its template, cloned into luciferase reporter gene plasmid PGL3-Basic to construct restructured vector, and then identified by restriction digestion, PCR and gene sequencing.This Restructured vector was transfected into H9C2 cells with over-expressed Mip1 gene with Lipofectamine, and then the effects of Mip1 on the transcriptional activity of Bid gene promoter regions were detected in H9C2 cells.Results:The Bid gene promoter region was cloned and identified by enzyme digestion.Both PCR and gene sequencing showed that the recombinant vector PGL3-Basic-Bid was successfully constructed.The luciferase activity detection results indicated that the transcription activity of Bid promoter region gradually decreased in H9C2 cells with the transfered Mip1 increased.Conclusions:As a new transcriptional inhibited factor, Mip1 can down-regulate the transcription of apoptosis-related gene Bid.

Objective To screen the DNA binding site of a novel zinc finger protein named Mip1. Methods Mip1 full-length ORF was cloned into a bacterial expression vector pGEX-4T-1 to construct pGEX-Mip1. pGEX-Mip1 was overexpressed in E.coli M15 to generate soluble GST-Mip1 fusion protein,and the GST-Mip1 was purified by glutathione affinity chromatography and immobilized on Sepharose beads to capture putative target DNA binding site from the oligonucleotide library. The selected oligonucleotides were gel-purified and inserted into T vector for sequencing and the consensus sequence was derived by sequence alignment. Results GST-Mip1 fusion protein was over-expressed in E.coli M15 and purified by affinity chromatography. Using immobilized-Mip1 beads,a lot of oligonucleotides were fished out from the oligonucleotides library. A consensus sequence which may be the DNA binding site of Mip1,was derived from sequence alignment. Conclusion The DNA binding site of Mip1 may be the consensus sequence G/TCCTA.

Based on the modern educational thought,the department of pathophysiology,Xiang-ya School of Medicine,Central South University preliminarily explored and practised the structure of paying equal attention to learning and teaching in order to strengthen the subjective role of students in activities. Teaching reforms of pathophysiology were performed through the scheme of problem-based learning,explorative experiments,active participation of students in reforms and extracurricular scientific research. It was shown that the enthusiasm of learning and in the students and the teachers was aroused,and the students’ abilities to analyze and solve problems and their creative spirit were greatly improved.