The development of the field of application of ceramic nanomaterials for medicine has recently been of significant interest. These include nanodispersed barium titanate powders, which exhibit antimicrobial and antifungal activity. They are considered as carriers of drugs, as well as biocompatible components of bone tissue. The search for new opportunities to realize the potential of nanodispersed barium titanate in biomedicine is an urgent task. The paper presents a method for the synthesis of nanosized barium titanate powder obtained by heat treatment at 800 degrees C in an air environment of sol-gel synthesis products. The resulting nanomaterial has a crystalline structure with cubic structure. According to electron microscopy, the powder particles are characterized by a polydisperse composition and are partially agglomerated. The results of energy dispersive analysis of the samples are presented. The particle size in the dispersion ranges from 50 nm to 250 nm, and the Scherrer crystallite size is 3.85 nm. The degree of hemolysis was assessed in vitro using fresh donor blood in the presence and absence of barium titanate nanoparticles. The hemolytic effect of barium titanate (>5%) manifests it self at a high concentration of powder (450,ul/ml) in the blood, which indicates the biocompatibility of nano-sized BaTiO3 up to the specified concentration. The effect of BaTiO3 concentration on free radical oxidation of lipids and antioxidant activity in blood serum was analyzed using the method of induced chemiluminescence. It has been established that at a concentration of 200 ,ul/ml BaTiO3 exhibits antioxidant activity, and at 400 ,ul/ml it has the ability to activate free radical oxidation of blood serum lipids.

The influence of cubic and tetragonal systems of nano-sized ceramic barium titanate powder on hemolytic activity, free radical processes and antioxidant activity was studied. The physicochemical properties of BaTiO3 obtained by heat treatment in air at 800°C and 1200°C of the precursor synthesized by the sol-gel method were investigated. Based on X-ray phase analysis in conjunction with Raman spectra and heat capacity measurements, it was found that the crystal structure of BaTiO3 calcined at 1200°C is a tetragonal crystal system, while that of BaTiO3 calcined at 800°C is a cubic crystal system. The analysis of the scanning electron microscopy method in combination with the dynamic light scattering method showed a distribution of nanosized particles from 50 to 250 nm for BaTiO3 at 800°C and from 100 nm to 240 nm at 1200°C. Depending on the processing temperature, the powders were found to have different pore sizes: at 800°C - micropores and at 1200°C - mesopores.

A procedure has been proposed for the synthesis of a nanocomposite based on barium titanate modified by adding nanodispersed magnetite using the sol–gel method in an acetic acid medium followed by annealing at 800°C. The physicochemical analysis of the products has shown that the matrix phase after annealing is barium titanate with an admixture of barium carbonate, and, in addition to magnetite, there are minor inclusions of hematite and wustite. The elemental composition of nanosized samples has been determined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. It has been demonstrated that the concentration of introduced Fe 3 O 4 affects the morphological and phase composition of the composites. The specific surface area and type of porosity of calcined samples have been determined by the low-temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption method. The effect of BaTiO 3 , BaTiO 3 /Fe 3 O 4 -1%, and BaTiO 3 /Fe 3 O 4 -10% powders on the adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activity in the process of decolorization of the dye rhodamine B from an aqueous solution in the dark and under the action of ultraviolet light has been studied. The kinetics of adsorption in the dark and photocatalytic decomposition of rhodamine B under the action of ultraviolet radiation in an aqueous suspension of the obtained composites have been analyzed using pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetic models.

In 1916, right after the end of the Napoleonic Wars, an Imperial order was issued to begin working on a new map of the Russian Empire, based on the exact mathematical principles. The Vilno Governorate was selected as a testing ground and colonel K. I. Tenner was put in charge of the survey. To increase map precision, it was intended to carry out triangulation first and then to conduct a topographic survey based on this triangulation. However, while triangulation could be successfully performed by a small number of officers, a topographic survey demanded a significant number of participants who were lacking. Tenner suggested using as surveyors the ablest soldiers’ sons, students of military orphan schools (cantonists). This initiative was rather doubtful from the standpoint of anthropological criteria for being capable of producing reliable knowledge. The epistemological regime of the early 19th century demanded a cautious attitude to evidence produced by children, servants, the sick and the insane. Nevertheless, the experiment proposed and carried out by Tenner was deemed successful. Three years later, the Corps of Topographical Surveyors was organized where practices that enabled making a disciplined and reliable surveyor out of an uneducated and low-born soldier’s son became institutionally implemented. The article analyzes how the conditions formed for according a legal status to the topographic knowledge generated by hundreds of poorly educated adolescents. Particular attention is given to the development of the Regulation on the Corps of Topographical Surveyors, practical application of the rules for the organization of education in this institution, and to how the criteria and procedures were developed that enabled turning half-educated soldiers’ sons into competent surveyors who became instrumental in many civil projects and military operations.

The article is devoted to the presentation of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of projects for the creation of complex technical products of a new generation. It is shown that the classification of the projects under consideration creates methodological prerequisites for increasing the accuracy and quality of forecasts of time and resources. It is asserted that in the general set of innovative processes, innovative projects for creating a new generation of aviation products fall into an independent subgroup of innovative projects for creating complex technical objects of a new generation. Allocation of a separate subgroup of projects allows you to form specific methods of modeling, analysis, forecasting and management for them. Materials and methods. Justification is carried out in the form of a logical conclusion. There are four indicators that characterize the design processes. Based on the analysis of the features of the projects for the creation of aircraft products, it was concluded that it is necessary to clarify the set of criteria for projects to create complex equipment of a new generation. For this group of projects, in addition to the existing four criteria of goals, timing, resources and organization of project execution, it is proposed to add a fifth criterion – the criterion of project uncertainty. Result. It is shown that in the aggregate a group of five criteria makes it possible to single out from the whole set of innovative processes associated with the creation of new technology, a subgroup of processes for creating complex technology of a new generation. The differences between the interpretation of uncertainty adopted in the work and the interpretation of uncertainty used in the project analysis as a set of risks accompanying projects are noted. Conclusion. An integral criterion for the magnitude of sociophysical potential has been formed, combining the criteria of goals, timing, resources, organization and uncertainty of innovative projects. An example of the interpretation of the integral criterion for the case of creating a new gene­ration aircraft product is given.

Исследуется часто употребляемое в устной и письменной речи слово «товар» в русском, немецком и чувашском языках, исходя из его этимо- и паремиологии. «Товар» представлен в единстве с его ценой в рублях и долларах с раскрытием их происхождения и развития в качестве денежной единицы и компонента афористических словосочетаний. Дуализм «Два языка - два ума, три языка - три ума» и «Все познается в сравнении» сочетается в ходе исследования с положением «Ein Beispiel ist besser als Tausend Worte» (Один пример лучше тысячи слов), что позволяет расширить знание концепта «товар» и доказать перспективность исследуемой темы.The article investigates the word «goods» which is intensively used in oral and written speech in the Russian, German and Chuvash languages through its etymology and paremiology. The term “goods” is presented in the article in unity with its price in rubles and dollars with the disclosure of their origin and development as a monetary unit and component of aphoristic phrases. The dualism “Two languages - two minds, three languages - three minds” and “Everything is known by comparison” is combined in this research with the attitude “Ein Beispiel ist besser als Tausend Worte” (One example is better than a thousand words), which allows to expand knowledge of the concept of “goods” in everyday speech and prove the prospects of the topic under study.

У статті показані основні переваги сучасної промислової двофазної технології та умови для оптимального утримання й годівлі свиноматок і поросят. Для її успішного впровадження розроблена виробнича програма та об’ємно-планувальні рішення приміщень для вирощування молодняку на промисловій свинофермі малого типу потужністю виробництва 4000 голів молодняку в рік. Наведено показники виробничої програми виробництва свинини для ферми малого типу. Розраховані основні технологічні параметри потокового виробництва: кількість технологічних груп, тривалість перебування тварин у групі, число днів санітарного розриву. Показано розрахунок головомісць для холостих, умовно-поросних, явно-поросних, підсисних свиноматок, поросят-сисунів, поросят на дорощуванні в маточних станках, ремонтного молодняку на промисловій фермі, за умов реалізації поросят в 65 днів. Наведено об’ємно-планувальні рішення, приміщення № 1 - для утримання кнурів, холостих, умовно-поросних, поросних свиноматок і приміщення, № 2 - для утримання підсисних свиноматок і поросят-сисунів та їх дорощування до 65-денного віку. Крім того, наведено креслення загального вигляду станків для опоросу і вирощування молодняку свиней за сухого ( СП-4ФС) і комбінованого ( СП-4ФК) типу годівлі. В роботі приводиться коротка характеристика обладнання для утримання, годівлі, вентиляції, гноєвидалення та очищення забрудненого повітря. Наведена порівняльна характеристика ефективності проектно-технологічних рішень приміщення для утримання підсисних свиноматок і молодняку свиней. Зокрема, в ній показано кількість станкомісць, оборот станкомісць, кількість дорощеного молодняку, отриманого з одного станкомісця за рік, валовий вихід продукції на одне станкомісце за рік, вихід продукції на 1 м2 виробничої площі за базового та нового варіантів. Розроблені проектно-технологічні і об’ємно-планувальні рішення приміщення для опоросу свиноматок і утримання відлучених поросят до 65-денного віку з новим станковим обладнанням для промислової свиноферми потужністю 4000 голів дають можливість отримати валовий вихід продукції на одне станкомісце 12,95 ц за рік та вихід продукції на 1 м2 виробничої площі 3,07 ц (проти 10,44 ц за рік і 1,39 ц у базовому варіанті, відповідно).

Розроблено спосіб покращання комфорту підсисних свиноматок з поросятами великої білої і породи французької селекції за умов промислової технології свинокомплексу ТОВ «Агропрайм Холдинг». Згідно розробленого способу зниження температури в зоні фіксуючого боксу відбувається ступінчасте: за температури повітря в приміщенні 27°С вмикається система водяного зрошення, яка подає воду у вигляді крапель на тулуб свиноматки в області лопаток; за температури повітря в приміщенні 32°С, подається вода у вигляді тоненької цівки на тулуб свиноматки в області лопаток. Застосування запропонованого способу сприяло збільшенню маси гнізда поросят у 28 днів на 9,5-10,5 кг порівняно з традиційною технологією і на 5,0-6,4 кг порівняно з системою мілкодисперсного розсіювання води. На промисловому підприємстві ТОВ ТОВ «Агроінд» Дніпропетровської області розроблена система охолодження повітря за рахунок використання теплової енергії землі. Її сутність полягає у наступному. У приміщеннях для утримання тварин у підпідлоговому просторі проміж гнойовими ваннами на глибині одного метра було прокладено бетонні канали - повітропроводи з поперечним перерізом 1 × 1 м, по яких проходить вхідне повітря. За рахунок теплової енергії землі воно охолоджується у теплу пору року і подається у камеру попередньої підготовки вхідного повітря де розміщуються радіатори - теплообмінники, через їх труби або прокачується холодна вода з артезіанської свердловини. Додатково на вході до камери попередньої підготовки вхідного повітря встановлено пристрій контролю температури та вологості, що дозволяє регулювати і вирівнювати ці показники перед подачею у підземні канали – повітропроводи. Подача попередньо підігрітого (охолодженого) у підземних каналах - повітропроводах за рахунок теплової енергії землі повітря з низько розміщених по периметру приміщення вихідних отворів вентиляційної системи сприяє кращій сезонній стабілізації температури у приміщенні, ефективнішому видаленню шкідливих речовин, поліпшенню мікроклімату, підвищенню комфортності утримання поголів’я і як наслідок покращенню виробничих показників.

The possibility of using the value of the fractal dimension (FD) to analyze the complexity of Doppler signals (DS) at various speeds and the number of rotating rotors of drones is considered. A temporal analysis of the Doppler radar signals during the probing of a multi-rotor drone was performed. Two novel methods for estimating fractal dimensions to assess the complexity of Doppler signals are proposed. It is shown that the values of the fractal dimensions of Doppler signals increase with the increasing rotational speed of the rotor. It has been established that with an increase in the number of rotating rotors, the FD values of Doppler signals depend on the direction of rotation of the rotors and their geometric location. Properties of DS during probing of rotating rotors using phase portraits (PP) constructed with different delay times and the dynamics of changes in the FD values of phase portraits are studied. It is shown that changes in the phase portrait (PP) forms and the FD values of the PP can be used as a recognition feature of multi-rotor drones. A method is proposed for analyzing the complexity of the shape of Doppler signals using fractal dimensions, which allows determining the number of rotors on a drone and estimating their rotation speed.

Subject and Purpose. The paper gives analysis to the waveforms of Doppler signals experimentally measured during the sounding of multirotor drones. Various velocities and numbers of the revolving rotors change Doppler signal waveforms. Also, these waveforms are not simple enough to take advantage of general laws of the examined phenomena and write the model equations immediately. In the present work, we seek to check capabilities of fractal nondifferentiable functions as to the empirical modeling of Doppler signals reflected from the revolving rotors of the drone. Methods and Methodology. In accordance with the standard manner of empirical modeling, we begin with the measurement and analysis of experimental temporal rows of Doppler signals obtained during the drone sounding. On this basis, the model structure (type of the functions) is determined. Then a turn comes of the procedure of the model parameter calculation. Finally, the actual and simulated Doppler signals are analyzed in qualitative and quantitative terms. Results. The characteristic features of some fractal nondifferentiable functions have been considered for their adoption in the radar signal modeling. The Doppler signal reflected from the revolving rotors of the drone has been represented as a sum of the fractal signal (modelling the low-frequency component of the Doppler signal) and the Weierstrass-Mandelbrot modified function (modelling the high-frequency component of the Doppler signal). The procedure of the model parameter choice has been examined at various speed values and numbers of the revolving rotors of the drone. Conclusion. The qualitative and quantitative analyses given to the measured and simulated Doppler signals validate the model we have suggested and show that the model provides a good agreement between the waveform features of the measured and simulated signals.

Subject and Purpose. Comparative analysis of the shapes of phase portraits of Doppler signals (DS) reflected from drone rotating rotors is given with regard to different time delays. The shapes of DS phase portraits are examined for various rotational velocities and numbers of the rotating rotors. Methods and Methodology. A method using phase portraits is suggested for analysis of Doppler signals reflected from drone rotating rotors. The method determines the number of the rotors and estimates their rotational velocities. Results. It has been found that the shape of the phase portrait of the baseline signal is practically independent of the time delay and can be described as an occasional movement of the image point following the phase trajectory in the center of the phase portrait. The appearance of characteristic regions on the periphery of the phase portrait allows separating baseline and sounding signals. It has been shown that the shape of the DS phase portrait of the rotating rotor during the flight movement of the drone depends on the time delay value. With a larger delay, phase portraits similar in shape appear at regular intervals equal to the Doppler signal period. With a larger rotational velocity of the rotor, the rate of similar phase portrait appearance diminishes. Conclusion. During the sounding of drone rotating rotors, the shapes of DS phase portraits depend on the value of time delay. With a larger number of rotors in the drone flight, the periodic change character as to the DS phase portrait shape remains unchanged. In this case, DS phase portrait shapes differ substantially for different numbers of drone rotors

The apparatus for diagnosis, treatment and therapy efficacy monitoring in neurological pathology has been developed and explored. The apparatus structure is presented and its operating algorithm is described. The results of the study show that the apparatus developed makes it possible to determine effectively at the cellular level the individual sensitivity of patients to the EHF-therapy, to carry out the procedure of EHF-autohemotherapy, as well as to monitor the effectiveness of treatment for neurological pathologies.

Nowadays, the posterior keratoplasty is an operation of original choice in treatment of patients with pathology of endothelium. The purpose of study. To analyze, in ex vivo conditions and using scanning electronic microscopy technique, the quality of stromal surface of transplant formed by femtosecond laser on part of endothelium (invertedly). Material and methods. The series of scanning electronic microscopy of surface of stroma of cornea after femtodissection were applied to investigate effect of parameters of femtodissection and also impact of viscoelastic on quality of stromal surface. Six pairs of eyes of donors unfitted to keratoplasty were used. To form a transplant the femtosecond laser platform LDV Z6 (Ziemer, Switzerland) was applied.

The analysis of the results of the implantation of a shunt system between the lateral ventricle and the transverse sinus in hydrocephalus in children, the treatment of which the use of other CSF-shunting operations proved ineffective or impractical. Materials and methods . 50 patients aged from 2 months to 17 years, with decompensated internal hydrocephalus was performed anastomosis between the lateral ventricle and the transverse sinus, through the implantation of the valve low-pressure system or a programmable system with low values of the valve settings. The result of operations is determined by evaluating the dynamics of quantitative clinical and manifestations of hydrocephaly and hypertensive syndrome. Results. In all cases, it was a severe ventriculomegaly and hypertensive syndrome. In all cases, the use of ventriculoatriostomy and ventriculoperitoneostomy proved ineffective or impractical. As a result of the treatment, stabilization of the patients, and the manifestations of decompensated hydrocephalus regression was achieved in 38 of 50 children (76%). In the remaining 12 patients on the background of a functioning shunt preserved manifestations of hydrocephalus, a condition seen as hypodraige. According to our data, hypоdraige manifestations were more common in cases where the venous pressure was high and equal to us certain values liquor pressure in the patient. Conclusion. Ventriculo-sinus transversal shunt may be the method of choice for the treatment of decompensated hydrocephalus in cases where the application of classical operations is not advisable. We consider it appropriate intraoperative assessment of venous pressure in the sinus, as well as the correlation with intraventricular pressure.