BACKGROUND:Submerged dental implants that are completely embedded into soft tissues and isolated from the oral environment reduce the potential for infection factors, and are not influenced by the bite force, to ensure the implant osseointegration. OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of submerged and non-submerged dental implants on the recovery of oral soft tissues. METHODS:Twenty-four patients who had no contraindication of dental implants and missed one molar with the gingival thickness of more than 1.5 mm were enrol ed and divided into two groups. Patients were implanted with non-submerged SS implants of OSSTEM in one group (non-submerged group) and implanted with submerged TS implants of OSSTEM in the other group (submerged group). Variation of gingival thickness, Jemt index and alveolar bone resorption were detected after 2 weeks of one-and two-stage surgery and 1 year after surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were no statistical differences in gingival thickness, Jemt index and alveolar bone resorption between two groups. As these two surgical methods have no difference, we would like to use submerged or non-submerged implants in the patients with corresponding indications.

Objectives To discuss the expression levels of aquaporin 1、5 in mice lung tissue induced by chronic renal failure.Methods We selected BALB/c mice and divided then into three groups randomly:the normal group,the sham operation group and the chronic renal failure group using renal cortical diathermy.Five mice in each group were sacrificed in 10 days,40 days and 70 days after modeling.We got serum specimens,lungs and kid neys.Serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,lung and kidney tissue pathology were detected,and western blotting were used to determine the AQPs and their mRNA expression in lung of mice.Results Prompted renal tubular and glomerular fibrosis were detected in histopathologic findings in the chronic renal failure group in 70 days after modeling,and serum creatinine and urea nitrogen in the chronic renal failure group increased significantly,Dry/wet ratio of lung tissue reduced significantly,compared with the normal group and the sham group(P ＜0.05) in 10 days,40 days and 70 days after modeling.The results of western blotting showed that the lung AQP1 expression in the model group reduced 48％ (0.40 ± 0.02 vs 0.76 ± 0.05,P ＜ 0.05) in 10 days after modeling,15 ％ (0.62 ± 0.01 vs 0.73 ± 0.04,P ＜ 0.05) in 40 days after modeling,and 37％ (0.50 ± 0.02 vs 0.79 ± 0.01,P ＜ 0.05) in 70 days after modeling,compared with the control groups;The lung AQP5 expression in the model group reduced 26％ (0.96 ±0.02 vs 1.30 ±0.03,P ＜0.05) in 10 days after modeling,67％ (0.56 ±0.02 vs 1.71 ±0.04,P ＜0.05) in40 days after modeling,and 25 ％ (1.05 ± 0.03 vs 1.40 ± 0.05,P ＜ 0.05) in 70 days after modeling.The lung AQP1、5 mRNA expression in the model group reduced significantly compared with the normal group and the sham operation group in 10days,40days and 70days after modeling(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The expression of AQP1、5 in lung tissue of the chronic renal failure mice decreased compared with the normal group and the sham group which may be related with the incidence of pulmonary edema of chronic renal failure mice.

目的 探讨水通道蛋白1,5及尿素转运蛋白B1在慢性肾衰竭小鼠脑组织中表达水平的变化及影响,进一步揭示血液透析脑型失衡综合征可能的分子基础. 方法 选用6～8周龄,雄性BALB/c小鼠,将小鼠分为正常组(N)、假手术组(S)和慢性肾衰竭模型组(CRF组).CRF模型小鼠通过对其右肾2/3肾皮质透热毁损,并在1周后将左肾完全切除的方法建立.假手术组小鼠只进行麻醉和手术切口,肾脏不做处理.正常组的小鼠不做任何处理.模型建立后10、40和70天3个时间点每组各处死5只小鼠,并留取小鼠的肾脏、血清和脑组织标本.检测三组小鼠肾组织病理、血清肌酐和尿素氮;用Western Blotting方法测定在造模后10天、40天和70天3组小鼠脑组织内水通道蛋白1,5(Aquaporin,AQP)及尿素转运蛋白B1(Urea Transportprotein,UT-B1)的表达.结果 CRF模型组在造模后10天肾组织病理结果显示部分肾小囊扩张,球囊粘连,肾小管上皮细胞颗粒样变性.造模后40天、70天表现为部分肾小球增生硬化,部分肾小管萎缩.造模10,40,70,天CRF模型组血清肌酐分别是(841.80±336.93)umol/L、(1885.17±689.49)umol/L、(1276.56±496.09)umol/L,与正常组和假手术组肌酐值相比均显著升高(10d:F=26.768,P=0.007;40d: F=34.928,P=0.004;70d.: F29.998,P=0.005),提示慢性肾衰竭模型成功.Western Blotting检测实验各组脑组织AQP1、AQP5及UT-B1的表达,结果显示:在造模10,40,70天,CRF模型组UT B1均未表达,正常组及假手术组表达差别无统计学意义.在造模后10天正常组AQP1表达量与假手术组及CRF组比较均有统计学差异(P＜0.05).CRF模型组较正常组AQP1表达量升高46.67％(t=0.122,P=0.001);AQP-5表达量较正常组升高41.09％(t=0.012,P=0.001).在造模后40天,假手术组与正常组AQP-1,5表达量无显著性差异;而CRF模型组AQP-1表达量较正常组升高28.98％(t=4.926,p=0.001),AQP-5表达量较正常组升高20.83％(t=0.857,P=0.003).在造模后70天,假手术组与正常组AQP-1,5表达量无显著性差异,而CRF模型组AQP-1表达量较正常组升高30.26％(t=8.471,P=0.001);AQP-5表达较正常组升高45.67％(t=3.352,P=0.001).结论 CRF模型小鼠脑组织AQP1,5的表达明显增加,同时伴有尿素转运蛋白B1的不表达或表达明显下降,这一结果为揭示脑型失衡综合症提供了线索.脑组织尿素转运蛋白的低表达导致快速血液透析脑中尿素清除延迟,进而形成脑血尿素浓度梯度,驱动水分通过过多表达的水道蛋白进入脑组织,导致脑水肿.

目的探讨水通道蛋白1,5及尿素转运蛋白B1在慢性肾衰竭小鼠脑组织中表达水平的变化及影响,进一步揭示血液透析脑型失衡综合征可能的分子基础。方法选用6~8周龄,雄性BALB/c小鼠,将小鼠分为正常组（N）、假手术组（S）和慢性肾衰竭模型组（CRF组）。CRF模型小鼠通过对其右肾2/3肾皮质透热毁损,并在1周后将左肾完全切除的方法建立。假手术组小鼠只进行麻醉和手术切口,肾脏不做处理。正常组的小鼠不做任何处理。模型建立后10、40和70天3个时间点每组各处死5只小鼠,并留取小鼠的肾脏、血清和脑组织标本。检测三组小鼠肾组织病理、血清肌酐和尿素氮;用Western Blotting方法测定在造模后10天、40天和70天3组小鼠脑组织内水通道蛋白1,5（Aquaporin,AQP）及尿素转运蛋白B1（Urea Transportprotein,UT-B1）的表达。结果 CRF模型组在造模后10天肾组织病理结果显示部分肾小囊扩张,球囊粘连,肾小管上皮细胞颗粒样变性。造模后40天、70天表现为部分肾小球增生硬化,部分肾小管萎缩。造模10,40,70,天CRF模型组血清肌酐分别是（841.80±336.93）umol/L、（1885.17±689.49）umol/L、（1276.56±496.09）umol/L,与正常组和假手术组肌酐值相比均显著升高（10d：F=26.768,P=0.007;40d：F=34.928,P=0.004;70d：F=29.998,P=0.005）,提示慢性肾衰竭模型成功。Western Blotting检测实验各组脑组织AQP1、AQP5及UT-B1的表达,结果显示：在造模10,40,70天,CRF模型组UT-B1均未表达,正常组及假手术组表达差别无统计学意义。在造模后10天正常组AQP1表达量与假手术组及CRF组比较均有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。CRF模型组较正常组AQP1表达量升高46.67%（t=0.122,P=0.001）;AQP-5表达量较正常组升高41.09%（t=0.012,P=0.001）。在造模后40天,假手术组与正常组AQP-1,5表达量无显著性差异;而CRF模型组AQP-1表达量较正常组升高28.98%（t=4.926,P=0.001）,AQP-5表达�

Objective:To investigate the changes of infammation markers in CRF patients with native arteriovenous fstulas(AVF)thrombosis,and to explore the relationship between inflammation and AVF thrombosis.Methods:Seventy-seven Chronic renal failure(CRF) patients with AVF were divided into two groups according to whether with thrombosis:control group(n=60) and thrombosis group(n=17),compare the infammation markers of the patients in two groups respectively:High sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP),Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),Soluble endothelium protein C receptor(sEPCR),leukocyte(WBC),albumin(ALB),fibrinogen(FIB) and other general data.Results:Compared with control group,relative amount of hsCRP,MCP-1,FIB were signifcantly increased in thrombosis group(P<0.01); the average amount and the mean rank order of sEPCR in thrombosis group were higher than in control group,there were no signifcant difference(P>0.05),but P value was very close to 0.05; and there were no signifcant difference of ALB,WBC between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:A variety of infammatory markers increased when AVF thrombosis,that indicating infammatory state participate in the process of AVF thrombosis.Infammatory state may be a predisposing factor of AVF thrombosis,furthermore,which also may be an active participant.