设计了一个实用的模拟驾驶同步装置,该装置的主要部分将Biopac生理仪UIM100C模块输出端产生的方波同时送入该模块输入端、驾驶模拟器输入端,并点亮面部视频视野中的发光二极管.该装置应用于实验教学,为相关人员了解实验环境、合理设计实验提供了便利;该装置应用于科研实验,确保了实验结果的准确性.

通过心率变异性(HRV)的非线性特征,研究了疲劳对驾驶入自主神经系统(ANS)的影响.招募被试进行模拟驾驶实验,记录实验过程中的心电信号.通过Poincaré散点图、近似熵和样本熵等非线性方法,提取13个HRV特征.分析所有被试不同精神状态HRV特征的差异,研究特定性别的被试从清醒状态到疲劳状态HRV特征的变化,分别比较清醒和疲劳状态HRV特征的性别差异.对所有被试,5个特征在疲劳状态显著(Mann-Whitney U检验,p＜0.01)上升;男性2个特征在疲劳状态显著上升;女性3个特征在疲劳状态显著上升.清醒状态仅有1个特征在男性与女性之间存在显著性差异,而疲劳状态有5个特征存在显著性差异.驾驶入在疲劳状态ANS的变异性和/或复杂度增加,并且存在性别差异.与清醒状态相比,男性与女性ANS的变异性和/或复杂度在疲劳状态存在更多差异.

The characteristics of electroencephalograph (EEG) parameters among drowsy drivers were investigated to deifne physiologic index of driving fatigue. Quantitative EEG (qEEG) analysis techniques were used among 22 subjects using a driving simulator to extractδ band power and 90% spectral edge frequency (SEF90) and to analyze the parameters' changes during drowsy driving and the differences from various recording locations by using binary logistic regression, discriminant classiifcation, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The results show that 60 minutes’ mono- environment driving lets to driving drowsiness with increase of relativeδ band power and decrease of SEF90. The EEG quantitative changes recorded at the temporal regions are more than that recorded at the frontal regions. Therefore, the increase of normalizedδ band power can be used as an indicator to discriminate the alert from drowsy state during driving. Decrease of SEM90 can be another indicator to determine the drowsiness during driving.

通过去趋势波动分析（DFA）研究驾驶员疲劳状态的心率变异性信号和脑电信号特征。22名被试在驾驶模拟器上进行模拟驾驶作业,采集驾驶过程中的心率变异性和脑电信号并进行离线分析。Wilcoxon符号秩检验用于分析清醒和疲劳两种状态间DFA标度指数的差异,受试者工作曲线（ROC）分析用于确定DFA区分疲劳驾驶和清醒驾驶的能力。结果表明:疲劳状态时,心率变异性和脑电信号的标度指数显著增加（Wilcoxon符号秩检验,p＜0.01）;心率变异性和脑电信号标度指数的ROC下面积最大分别为0.75和0.78。DFA的标度指数具有应用于驾驶疲劳监测系统的前景。

To understand the active response of driver's cervical muscle in the moment of crash, a frontal head-on crash scenario with strong virtual reality feeling is created on a vehicle performance simulator, 10 volunteers are selected to drive on the simulator at a speed of 20, 50, 80 and 100km/h respectively, and the electromyography ( EMG) signals of sternocleidomastoid, splenius capitis and trapezius muscles of driver are recorded and processed with the level of muscle activation obtained. The results show that the EMG signals of cervical muscles of driver ap-parently rise in the moment of crash, with its increment exhibits an increase tendency when vehicle speed going up. This study reveals the dynamic changing law of the mechanics characteristics of driver's cervical muscle during vehi-cle crash, providing theoretical supports for the construction of dummy with high bionical fidelity and more accurate analysis on occupant crash injury.

Lumbar disk herniation (LDH) is a common orthopaedic disorder. Many clinical and basic science researches have been conducted recently on using Chinese medicinal herbs to treat LDH. Literature review reveals that the common basic formulas include Duhuo Jisheng decoction (DHJST), Buyang Huanwu decoction (HYBWT), Shentong Zhuyu decoction (STZYT), Taohong Siwu decoction (THSWT), Yanghe decoction (YHT) and Tongdu Huoxue decoction (TDHXT). A basic formula can be modified by adding more herbs or removing some herbs from the formula according to clinical symptoms and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation. Literatures show that herbal treatment have better clinical effects, the medicinal herbs make low-back pain, sciatica and low limb numbness disappeared or alleviated; and restore normal low limb sensation, muscle strength and daily activity. These formulas have also been used to treat LDH postoperative remaining pain, postoperative discitis, postoperative recurrent LDH, and to prevent epidural scar formation and dura mata adhesion. Herbs in these formulas include 5 categories of drugs classified by TCM. They are blood circulation promoting herbs for relieving pain; liver and kidney nourishing and tendons and bones strengthening herbs; blood circulation promoting herbs for unblocking collaterals; pathogenic wind and dampness expelling herbs; and qi invigorating herbs. These herbs have actions of analgesia, anti-inflammation, immunomodulation, phagocytosis of macrophages enhancement, blood circulation improvement, nerve protection, collagen synthesis enhancement. Future research needs to focus on the effects of herbs on four aspects: to enhance collagen synthesis in the disks and inhibit disk degeneration; to promote the resorption of herniated nucleus pulposus and epidural hemorrhage; to prevent nerve cell apoptosis and promote nerve cell regeneration, and to inhibit nociception in the nerve system.