ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:The Da-Yuan-Yin (DYY) decoction, a classical multi-herbal preparation documented in the Treatise on Pestilence (Wenyi Lun,⟪⟫), exhibits therapeutic potential in respiratory pathophysiology. Clinical studies during the COVID-19 pandemic have validated DYY's therapeutic efficacy in ameliorating respiratory symptoms in patients. However, its pharmacological mechanisms against lung injury remain unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY:This investigation sought to delineate the medicinal efficacy and underlying pharmacological mechanisms of DYY through integrated experimental models encompassing animal studies and cellular assays. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Pharmacological evaluation was conducted in a mouse model of pulmonary injury via intratracheal (i.t.) administration of bleomycin (BLM). Test cohorts received DYY extract at graded concentrations: low-dose (4.3 g/kg), medium-dose (8.6 g/kg), and high-dose (17.2 g/kg) via daily oral gavage. After 14 consecutive days of intervention, pulmonary specimens were harvested. Histomorphological alterations were quantified through Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome staining of pulmonary parenchyma. E-cadherin and α-SMA protein distribution in tissue samples was monitored by immunohistochemical or immunofluorescent staining techniques. Longitudinal fibrosis progression was assessed through HYP quantification on day 21 following BLM instillation. TGF-β1-elicited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in A549 alveolar epithelial cells served as an in vitro paradigm. Proteomic characterization of EMT markers (E-cadherin, vimentin, N-cadherin, α-SMA) was conducted via immunoblotting. Migratory capacity was evaluated using standardized scratch assay protocols. Transcriptional dynamics of EMT-associated genes (CDH1, CDH2, VIM, ACTA2) were monitored by RT-qPCR. Subcellular β-catenin redistribution was visualized through confocal microscopy following fluorescence labeling. RESULTS:Histopathological analysis of day 14 specimens revealed that DYY intervention attenuated pulmonary histoarchitectural disruption, preserved epithelial integrity through E-cadherin maintenance, and suppressed α-SMA-mediated mesenchymal activation. Longitudinal evaluation at day 21 demonstrated DYY-mediated significant attenuation of fibrotic progression, evidenced by the reduction in HYP accumulation (p < 0.01) and collagen deposition regression. In cell-based models, DYY treatment upregulated CDH1 transcript/protein levels (p < 0.01) while downregulating mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin; vimentin; α-SMA; p < 0.05). Scratch-wound assays demonstrated that DYY treatment significantly suppressed TGF-β1-induced migration of A549 cells (p < 0.01). Mechanistically, DYY disrupted β-catenin nuclear localization, reducing transcriptionally active β-catenin in cytoplasmic fractions. Crucially, in vivo validation confirmed DYY's dose-dependent inhibition of EMT progression. CONCLUSIONS:This study delineates a molecular cascade through which DYY exerts its therapeutic effects: CDH1 transcriptional upregulation mechanistically mediates E-cadherin/β-catenin complex reconstitution at adherens junctions, achieving restoration of membrane-localized β-catenin. This stabilization effectively blocks β-catenin nuclear translocation, thereby suppressing α-SMA transcriptional activation. Crucially, early DYY intervention demonstrated alveolar epithelial preservation and significant attenuation of fibrotic progression, positioning it as a multi-target therapeutic strategy against EMT-driven pulmonary pathologies. This study demonstrates DYY's efficacy in mitigating bleomycin-induced alveolar injury within a single GMP-certified production batch; however, systematic validation of its long-term pharmacological stability under variable environmental conditions and multi-batch reproducibility remains necessary to confirm clinical translatability.

Chronic exposure to environmental carcinogens is a major cause of tumorigenesis. A potent tobacco-specific nitrosamine carcinogen, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), exhibits high carcinogenicity to induce lung cancer. However, the function and mechanism of circular RNA (circRNA) in chemical carcinogenesis, especially the regulation of circRNA formation upon exposure to environmental chemicals, remain unclear. This study identified that circPRMT10 (hsa_circ_0009048) was downregulated in NNK-exposed human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE and BEAS-2B). Additionally, the RNA-binding protein Quaking (QKI) was responsible for the biogenesis of circPRMT10 through its binding interaction with the flanking introns of circPRMT10. Moreover, NNK exposure resulted in hypermethylation of the QKI promoter, leading to QKI downregulation, which ultimately affected circPRMT10 formation. Using a cell model of chronic exposure to low-dose NNK, we found that overexpression of circPRMT10 significantly inhibited NNK-induced lung carcinogenesis by suppressing cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and xenograft tumor growth. Finally, moesin (MSN) was identified as a downstream target of circPRMT10 via RNA pull-down and western blot assays and demonstrated a potential role in the regulation of lung cancer development. In conclusion, our findings reveal the underlying mechanisms of circRNA biogenesis following exposure to chemical carcinogens, providing novel insights into the role of circRNAs in chemical carcinogenesis.

Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination is a global environmental issue facing agriculture. Under certain conditions, the stable Cd that bound to soil particles tend to be remobilized and absorbed into plants, which is seriously toxic to plant growth and threat food safety. Engineering nanomaterials (ENMs) has attracted increasing attentions in the remediation of Cd pollution in soil-plant system due to their excellent properties with nano-scale size. Herein, this article firstly systematically summarized Cd transformation in soil, transport in soil-plant system, and the toxic effects in plants, following which the functions of ENMs in these processes to remediate Cd pollution are comprehensively reviewed, including immobilization of Cd in soil, inhibition in Cd uptake, transport, and accumulation, as well as physiological detoxication to Cd stress. Finally, some issues to be further studied were raised to promote nano-remediation technology in the environment. This review provides a significant reference for the practical application of ENMs in remediation of Cd pollution in soil, and contributes to sustainable development of agriculture.

目的 探讨不同半夏炮制品体外抗肺纤维化的作用及筛选出的半夏制品对肺纤维化小鼠的干预作用.方法 用10μg/L转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)诱导人胚肺成纤维细胞系(MRC-5)建立肺纤维化体外模型,经水提生半夏(2.1、4.2、8.4、16.7 g/L)、清半夏(2.1、4.2、8.4、16.7 g/L)、法半夏(2.1、4.2、8.4、16.7 g/L)和姜半夏(2.1、4.2、8.4、16.7 g/L)分别处理48 h后,通过CCK-8法检测细胞活性、天狼星红染色法测定胶原含量进行抗纤维化筛选.用Western blot分析筛选出的生半夏干预MRC-5细胞表达α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)的情况.C57BL/6N小鼠经口腔进行气管滴注博来霉素(2 mg/kg)建立肺纤维化模型,第14天开始灌胃生半夏水提液(2.5、5.0、10.0 g/kg),第28天取肺组织经HE和Masson染色观察,并测定羟脯氨酸(HYP)含量.结果 与对照组比较,TGF-β1诱导后的MRC-5细胞对生半夏(8.4 g/L)的细胞活性抑制作用更敏感(P<0.05),而未经TGF-β1诱导的MRC-5细胞则需要更高浓度的生半夏或清半夏(16.7 g/L)抑制细胞活性(P<0.05).与模型对照组比较,生半夏(8.4、16.7 g/L)能够抑制TGF-β1诱导的胶原合成(P<0.05),清半夏、法半夏、姜半夏各组未见抑制效应.与模型对照组比较,生半夏(2.1、4.2、8.4 g/L)能够抑制TGF-β1诱导的MRC-5细胞中 α-SMA蛋白的表达(P<0.05).生半夏(10 g/kg)能够缓解肺纤维化模型小鼠肺间质中的炎性浸润,恢复肺泡结构,减少胶原沉积,降低肺组织中的HYP含量(P<0.05).结论 生半夏对TGF-β1诱导后的病理性肌成纤维细胞具有活性抑制作用,并能阻止成纤维细胞向肌成纤维细胞分化,抑制其胶原合成,缓解模型小鼠的肺纤维化进展,为临床应用半夏治疗肺纤维化提供新的思路.

Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is an acute respiratory failure syndrome characterized by progressive arterial hypoxemia and dyspnea. Qingfei Litan (QFLT) decoction, as a classic prescription for the treatment of acute respiratory infections, is effective for the treatment of ALI/ARDS. In this study, the compounds, hub targets, and major pathways of QFLT in ALI/ARDS treatment were analyzed using Ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) and systemic pharmacology strategies. UHPLC-MS identified 47 main components of QFLT. To explore its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative mechanisms, gene ontology (Go) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment and network pharmacological analysis were conducted based on the main 47 components. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that TNF signaling pathway and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway may be the key pathways of ALI/ARDS. We explored the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative pharmacological effects of QFLT in treatment of ALI/ARDS in vivo and in vitro . QFLT suppressed the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and alleviated oxidative stress in LPS-challenged mice. In vitro , QFLT decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β secreted by LPS-activated macrophages, increased GSH level and decreased the LPS-activated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lung epithelial A549 cells. This study suggested that QFLT may have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects on ALI/ARDS, combining in vivo and in vitro experiments with systemic pharmacology, providing a potential therapeutic strategy option.

Background: Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix in the lungs, which disrupts the structure and gas exchange of the alveoli. There are only two approved therapies for PF, nintedanib (Nib) and pirfenidone. Therefore, the use of Chinese medicine for PF is attracting attention. Tianlongkechuanling (TL) is an effective Chinese formula that has been applied clinically to alleviate PF, which can enhance lung function and quality of life.Purpose: The potential effects and specific mechanisms of TL have not been fully explored, yet. In the present study, proteomics was performed to explore the therapeutic protein targets of TL on Bleomycin (BLM)-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis.Method: BLM-induced PF mice models were established. Hematoxylineosin staining and Masson staining were used to analyze histopathological changes and collagen deposition. To screen the differential proteins expression between the Control, BLM, BLM + TL and BLM + Nib (BLM + nintedanib) groups, quantitative proteomics was performed using tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling with nanoLC-MS/MS [nano liquid chromatographymass spectrometry]). Changes in the profiles of the expressed proteins were analyzed using the bioinformatics tools Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The protein–protein interactions (PPI) were established by STRING. Expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), Collagen I (Col1a1), Fibronectin (Fn1) and enzymes in arginase-ornithine pathway were detected by Western blot or RT-PCR.Result: TL treatments significantly ameliorated BLM-induced collagen deposition in lung tissues. Moreover, TL can inhibit the protein expressions of α-SMA and the mRNA expressions of Col1a1 and Fn1. Using TMT technology, we observed 253 differentially expressed proteins related to PPI networks and involved different KEGG pathways. Arginase-ornithine pathway is highly significant. The expression of arginase1 (Arg1), carbamoyltransferase (OTC), carbamoy-phosphate synthase (CPS1), argininosuccinate synthase (ASS1), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was significantly decreased after TL treatments.Conclusion: Administration of TL in BLM-induced mice resulted in decreasing pulmonary fibrosis. Our findings propose that the down regulation of arginase-ornithine pathway expression with the reduction of arginase biosynthesis is a central mechanism and potential treatment for pulmonary fibrosis with the prevention of TL.

目的:探讨小檗碱对流感病毒感染小鼠肺与结肠损伤的保护作用.方法:以流感病毒H1N1亚型感染BALB/c小鼠建立流感模型,注射给予小檗碱或利巴韦林治疗.观察小鼠生存及肺、结肠炎症损伤情况;ELISA检测血清细胞因子IL-6、IL-17A和IFN-γ水平;RT-qPCR检测肺脏IFN-γ、IL-10和CCL25 mRNA转录水平;16S rRNA测序分析粪便肠道菌群.结果:H1N1病毒感染的模型小鼠出现明显肺脏和结肠病变,且体重下降.小檗碱可有效维持病毒感染小鼠的存活率和体重,显著减轻肺部水肿,抑制肺指数升高;显著降低血清中细胞因子IFN-γ水平,抑制肺脏细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-10和CCL25 mRNA转录.小檗碱可维持感染小鼠结肠长度和重量,并影响肠道菌群基本结构和优势菌群.结论:小檗碱可抑制血清IFN-γ及肺部IFN-γ、IL-10和CCL25过度产生,并调控肠道菌群,从而对流感病毒感染导致的小鼠肺与结肠损伤起保护作用.

Background: Influenza-related viral pneumonia is a severe threat to human health, which has caused high morbidity and mortality each year. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of Tanreqing Injection therapy in patients with viral pneumonia. Materials and methods: This protocol established in this study has been reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched for clinical randomized trials in cases with viral pneumonia until 1st of July 2020. We will use a combination of Medical Subject Heading and free-text terms with various synonyms to search based on the Eligibility criteria. Two investigators independently reviewed the included studies and extracted relevant data. The relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of were used as effect estimate. I-square (I-2) test, substantial heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment will be performed accordingly. Stata 14.0 and Review Manger 5.3 are used for meta-analysis and systematic review. Results: The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Conclusion: The results of this review will be widely disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. This evidence may also provide helpful evidence of whether Tanreqing Injection therapy was efficient and safe in patients with viral pneumonia. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020164164.

随着中医药国际化进程的加快,双语教学成为教学改革的重点.医学生物学是一门基础性学科,也是一门极具挑战的生命科学,由于医学生物学的进展动态多是从英文文献数据库中获得,双语教学势在必行.思维导图作为一种思维工具,可将难记忆的英文或其他专业术语联系在一起,提供一个正确而快速的学习方法,近来受到广泛关注.本文结合中医院校的专业特点及培养目标、学情分析等情况,探讨思维导图在医学生物学课程双语教学过程中的应用及效果,解决双语教学过程中遇到的问题,有效提高学生的学习兴趣和能力,为其他医学专业基础课的双语学习奠定基础.

This study was designed to investigate the mechanism by which MMDD improves lung function, and observe the effect of MMDD on endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS) in alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECIIs) of pulmonary fibrosis rats. pulmonary fibrosis animal model was established by intratracheal injection of BLM at a dose of 6mg/kg body weight. Overall, Thirty male SPF Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, BLM group and BLM+MMDD group. BLM+MMDD group rats were fed 24 g/kg over three weeks for twice a day on the fourteenth day after model establishment. MMDD improves pulmonary function of fibrotic rats and reduces the occurrence of endoplasmic reticulum stress in AECIIs. MMDD could significantly improve the forced vital capacity (FVC) of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. MMDD reduced the expression of GRP78 and CHOP in AECIIs, increased the secretion of surfactant protein C (SPC) by AECIIs. Moreover, the apoptosis of the fibrosis zone in the lung tissue was remarkably mitigated by administration of MMDD. The finding of this study revealed that MMDD can improve lung function in rats with pulmonary fibrosis by reducing the occurrence of ERS and cell apoptosis of AECIIs. It may provide a new method for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.

OBJECTIVES:Although many studies have examined changes in gut microbiota composition in gastric carcinogenesis to clarify the mechanism of action of anticancer drugs, it is unclear whether animal models of gastric carcinogenesis adequately reflect the disease in humans.METHODS:To address this issue, the present study investigated changes in the gut microbiome profile of a rat model of gastric carcinogenesis established using a combination of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), sodium salicylate, irregular fasting, and ranitidine. The rats were divided into control (Normal), chronic non-atrophic gastritis (CNAG), chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), precancerous lesion of gastric cancer (PLGC), and gastric cancer (GC) groups according to histopathological features. Gut microbiome in gastric carcinogenesis profiling was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of rat feces samples.RESULTS:We found that gut bacterial species richness increased whereas species diversity decreased during gastric carcinogenesis, with the most significant changes detected in the PLGC group. Gut microbiota community composition differed across groups, with the greatest similarities observed between CNAG and CAG groups and between PLGC and GC groups. There were significant differences in taxonomic representation at the phylum level: the PLGC group had the highest ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes whereas the GC group had the highest abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria.CONCLUSIONS:These results indicate that changes in the gut microbiome in a rat model of MNNG-induced gastric carcinogenesis are similar to those observed in humans, thus providing a useful tool for evaluating the efficacy and mechanism of action of novel monotherapies or drug combinations for the treatment of gastric carcinogenesis.

从假单胞菌593中克隆出多铜氧化酶copA基因,并将其转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)pLysS过量表达和纯化.纯化的CopA蛋白展示出漆酶活性,针对漆酶的3种底物ABTS、DMP、SGZ,CopA的最适反应pH分别是3.5、7.5和7.5,最适反应温度分别是50℃、50℃和42℃.pH稳定性和热稳定研究发现,在pH7.0条件下,CopA比较稳定,在温度大于42℃保存该蛋白,其活性降低较快.二价金属离子影响实验发现,CopA漆酶活性能被二价铜离子显著加强.酶动力学常数实验结果展示,CopA作用于底物ABTS,Km为0.281 mmol/L,Vmax为3.02×10-3mmol·L-1·min-1,kcat为1.8s-1;CopA作用于底物DMP,Km为0.141 mmol/L,Vmax为4.54×10-3 mmol·L-1·min-1,kcat为2.2 s-1;CopA作用于底物SGZ,Km为0.025 mmol/L,Vmax等于0.7 ×10-3 mmol·L-1·min-1,kcat为0.87 s-1.

Objective To investigate the role of the PGE2 and EP2/EP3 receptor on improving lung function of rats with pulmonary fibrosis treated with Youguiyin Decoction. Methods 32 SPF SD male rats were divided into normal group, model group, Youguiyin low dose group and Youguiyin high dose group, according to the random number table method. The normal group (8 rats) was given no intervention and was given normal feeding. The other 3 groups were established by intravenous injection of Bleomycin (6 mg/kg) via tracheal intubation. Youguiyin low dose group (8 rats) and Youguiyin high dose group (8 rats) were given 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg of Youguiyin Decoction at specific time from the 14 th day after model establishment. The model group (8 rats) was given the same dose of drinking water once a day for 20 days. The lung weight and body weight were recorded, and the lung coefficient was calculated. The concentration of PGE2 in serum and lung tissue was measured with ELISA. The expression of EP2 and EP3 in lung tissue and tissue localization were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining, and the number of positive cells was counted. Results Compared with the normal group, the lung weight (3. 1 ± 0. 44 g, P ＜ 0. 05) and lung coefficient (0. 69 ± 0. 13％, P ＜0. 05) of the model group increased pathologically, and the level of PGE2 increased in both serum (45. 49 ± 7. 38 pg/ml, P ＜ 0. 05) and lung tissue (113. 64 ± 16. 78 pg/ml, P ＜ 0. 05). Abnormal proliferation of AEC IIs associated with strong EP2-positive in the consolidation of lung tissues, and the macrophages accumulated in the alveolar ducts and alveolar spaces were EP3-positive. The positive cells in the two groups increased significantly (P ＜ 0. 05). Compared with the model group, the lung weight (2. 63 ± 0. 24 g, P ＜ 0. 05) and lung coefficient (0. 57 ± 0. 08％, P＜ 0. 05) of Youguiyin low dose group decreased, and the level of PGE2 decreased in both serum (23. 01 ± 8. 61 pg/ml, P ＜ 0. 05) and lung tissue (89. 84 ± 20. 54 pg/ml, P ＜ 0. 05). The expression of EP2 in the AEC IIs with strong EP2-positive decreased, and the number of cell reduced (P ＜ 0. 05). The number of macrophages with EP3-positive increased (P ＜ 0. 05). In the Youguiyin high dose group, there was no statistical difference except the decreased level of PGE2 in serum (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Youguiyin can significantly improve pulmonary fibrosis induced by Bleomycin in rats, which may be associated with lowing PGE2 level in the consolidation of lung tissues, inhibiting the expression of EP2 in the consolidation area, reduction of AECIIs with EP2-positive, and increase of macrophages with EP3-positive.

Objective To investigate the relative mechanism of Maimendong Tang (Ophiopogon Decoction) in amelioration of lung function and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in rats with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.Methods Male healthy SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Maimendong Tang group 1 and Maimendong Tang group 2.The rat model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by bleomycin pulverization via tracheal intubation.On the 14 t h d after modeling, Maimendong Tang was intragastrically given to Maimendong Tang group1 and Maimendong Tang group 2 twice a day for 20 d continuously.The general conditions were observed, and pathological changes of lung tissue were observed after HE and Masson staining.The forced vital capacity (FVC) , 0.4 second rate (FEV0.4/FVC) , mass FVC, inspiratory resistance (Ri) , expiratory resistance (Re) and dynamic pulmonary compliance (Cydn) were detected by using spirometer.The expressions of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) protein in lung tissue were analyzed by using Western blotting assay and immunohistochemistry staining technique.Results Compared with normal group, FVC, FVC/lung mass and Cydn decreased, and 0.4 second rate increased in model group.Compared with model group, FVC increased and 0.4 second rate decreased and Cydn increased in Maimendong Tang group 1 and Maimendong Tang group 2, and mass FVC increased in Maimendong Tang group 2.Pathological sections showed that there were chronic inflammatory cell infiltration in consolidation zone of lung tissue and massive collagen deposition, GRP78 and CHOP with high expressions were mainly positioned in vesicular type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells (AECⅡs).The inflammation was relieved, collagen deposition was decreased, protein expressions of GRP78 and CHOP were reduced and in Maimendong Tang group 2.Conclusion Maimendong Tang can significantly improve lung function and reduce lung interstitial collagen deposition, which may be related to regulation of protein expressions of GRP78 and CHOP in AECⅡs in consolidation zone of lung tissue, relief of ERS, and recovery of normal AECⅡs function.

Most cadmium-polluted farmland and land surrounding mining areas are difficult to repair and control, seriously threatening the food safety of the crops planted in these regions. As an essential element for plant growth, calcium plays an important role in stress-resistance regulation. In this study, Brassia campestris L. was used as the experimental material and polluted soil with cadmium was used as the experimental soil sample, to explore the competition inhibition of calcium polypeptide application on the absorption of Cd2+ by Brassia campestris L. in the growth process, as well as the effect of calcium application on the growth. Results showed that the application of calcium polypeptides significantly promoted the growth of Brassia campestris L. Calcium polypeptides could be used as high-quality fertilizer, alleviating the effect of Cd2+ stress on the growth of Brassia campestris L., and promoting the absorption of K+, Ca2+, and other nutrients by Brassia campestris L. Under different calcium polypeptide application conditions, the effective state of Cd2+ in the soil showed less significant difference, indicating that the calcium polypeptide had weak or limited passivation effects on Cd2+. There was a significantly negative correlation between Cd concentration in Brassia campestris L. and calcium application (r = −0.99, p < 0.01) when calcium polypeptide was over-applied, which indicates that the inhibition effect of Cd2+ absorption on Brassia campestris L. is mainly through competitive inhibition rather than passivation. The results showed that calcium polypeptide has dual functions on the competitive inhibition of heavy metals and a good fertilizer effect, providing a new technology for in situ remediation of heavy-metal pollution, and a new approach for the treatment of cadmium-contaminated farmland and surrounding mining land.

随着中医药事业的蓬勃发展和中医药人才国际化交流的日益推进,双语教学成为了现代化中医药人才培养基础教育中的重要组成部分.为提高双语教学效果,北京中医药大学在近年来医学生物学双语课程建设中,应用了以问题为基础的教学方法,科学规划和完善了问题设计,并围绕核心问题综合运用多种教学手段,切实加强了双语授课效果,达到了既夯实生命科学基础知识,又有所拓展创新的教学目标,使课程更好地为现代化、外向型中医药人才的培养做出贡献.

Renal fibrosis is thought to be the final common pathway leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal failure. Except for renal replacement therapy, no adequate treatment regimen is available; therefore studies on the treatment of renal fibrosis have attracted significant interest. In recent years, studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may represent an attractive source to produce drugs with antifibrosis effects. The aim of this study was to establish a robust cell-based high-content screening (HCS) approach to identify TCM compounds with antifibrosis effects in NRK49F cells following TGF-β1 exposure. When designing the model, one of the most important steps involved the stability and reproducibility of this cell-based model. Therefore, we initially optimized the experimental parameters. Then, our HCS model was validated using SB525334, an inhibitor of the TGF-β1 receptor, and curcumin and emodin, two TCM compounds with well-documented anti-renal fibrosis activity. Subsequently, the proven reliable HCS model was used to screen a standard TCM compound library, which included 344 TCM molecules. Based on our HCS algorithm, a total of 16 compounds were identified to have prospective inhibitory activity. These compounds were further validated by verification experiments. Strikingly, eight compounds have been shown to inhibit renal fibrosis; six of them had rarely been described in the literature, namely, Ligustrazine, Glycyrrhizic acid, Astragaloside iv, Hydroxysafflor Yellow A, Crocin, and Gypenosides. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in which a HCS assay was performed to identify TCM compounds with anti-renal fibrosis effects. The HCS approach was successfully applied to screen active compounds and will be propitious to further anti-renal fibrosis drugs discovery research. Meanwhile, it may offer possibilities for identifying lead compounds for treating other diseases from registered Chinese herbal medicines.

目的:探讨温补肾阳的代表方剂右归饮对博莱霉素致肺纤维化大鼠的药效作用和相关机制.方法:SPF级雄性SD大鼠25只,采用随机数字法,将SD大鼠分为正常组、模型组、右归饮高、中、低剂量组,每组各5只.气管内注射博莱霉素(5 mg·kg-1)建立实验性肺纤维化模型,并于造模后第15天开始灌胃高、中、低剂量(20,10,5 g·kg-1)右归饮,连续给14 d.用动物肺功能仪检测大鼠吸气阻力(Ri),呼气阻力(Re),肺顺应性(Cdyn),用力肺活量(FVC),0.4s率(FEV04/FVC％),呼气峰值流速(PEF),最大呼气中期流速(MMF),计算质量FVC;称量脏器质量和大鼠体质量,计算脏器系数;用血气分析仪检测腹主动脉酸碱度(pH),氧分压(PO2),二氧化碳分压(PCO2),氧饱和度(SO2);用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清中肾素,前列腺素E2(PGE2),基质金属蛋白酶-1(MMP-1)含量;取左肺进行马松(Masson)染色观察肺组织的病理变化.结果:与正常组比较,气管内注射5 mg·kg-1博莱霉素能够明显增加SD大鼠肺脏质量和肺脏系数(P＜0.05),降低Cydn,FVC和质量FVC(P ＜0.05),增加Ri(P＜0.05),升高FEV04/FVC％(P＜0.05),升高腹主动脉血中PCO2水平(P＜0.05),明显降低PO2,SO2水平(P＜0.05),升高血清中PGE2水平(P＜0.05),病理显示模型大鼠肺组织形成大量实变区,发生实变的肺组织以细胞异常增殖为主的非纤维化区和伴有大量细胞外基质沉积的纤维化区为主.与模型组相比,右归饮中剂量组肺脏质量明显回落(P＜0.05),Cydn,FVC和质量FVC回升(P＜0.05),Ri,FEV0.4/FVC％下降(P＜0.05),血清中PGE2水平下降(P＜0.05);右归饮高剂量组能够明显升高动脉血中PO2,SO2水平(P＜0.05).病理显示右归饮中剂量组能够抑制肺组织实变区向非实变区的炎性浸润.结论:右归饮能够改善实验性肺纤维化SD大鼠的肺功能,与右归饮降低血清中PGE2水平,抑制炎性浸润区的扩散,延缓纤维化进程有关.

目的 探讨姜黄素对转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)诱导的大鼠肾间质成纤维细胞(NRK49F)中小分子RNA-21(miR-21)及纤维化相关因子表达的影响.方法 将NRK49F细胞分为正常组、模型组、姜黄素组.模型组以TGF-β1(10μg/L)诱导NRK49F细胞活化,姜黄素组以高、中、低浓度(20、10、5μmol/L)干预24 h和72 h.免疫荧光方法及高内涵成像分析设备检测并分析NRK49F细胞中α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)表达的变化;RT-PCR方法检测NRK49F细胞中miR-21及纤维化相关因子COL1 A1、COL3 A1、α-SMA、Smad3 mRNA表达的变化.结果 TGF-β1作用于NRK49 F细胞72 h后,能明显上调细胞中α-SMA蛋白的表达(P<0.01);与模型组相比,姜黄素各组的α-SMA蛋白表达明显下调(P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.05).TGF-β1作用于NRK49F细胞24 h后,能明显上调细胞中miR-21、COL1A1、COL3A1、α-SMA、Smad3 mRNA的表达(P<0.01);与模型组相比,姜黄素高、中浓度组可明显抑制miR-21、COL1 A1、COL3 A1、α-SMA、Smad3 mRNA的表达(P<0.01或P<0.05);姜黄素低浓度组可明显抑制COL1A1、COL3A1、α-SMA mRNA的表达(P<0.01),对miR-21、smad3 mRNA的表达有下调的趋势.结论 姜黄素能够有效抑制TGF-β1诱导的NRK49F细胞中纤维化相关因子的基因及蛋白表达,其作用与下调miR-21的表达相关.