Hosting construction of large wind turbine units is of high safety risks and great operation difficulty. Based on the hosting construction practice of wind turbines in Ningxiang Shuangfupu Wind Farm, this paper introduces the hoisting construction technologies, construction process and key safety issues, including the selection of hoisting equipment, and the integral hoisting of wind blades and turbine hub. Engineering practice shows that the wind turbine hoisting construction is successfully completed with these construction technologies, and the construction safety and quality are ensured. It can be useful reference for the hoisting construction of wind turbines in similar projects.

介绍了油茶产业的发展现状,对油茶鲜果采收机械、脱蒲机械、油茶籽干燥机械分别进行了详细阐述,分析了当前油茶鲜果机械化采收和采收后机械化初加工方面存在的问题,并针对问题提出了对策与建议.

2019年10月24日,采集'长林40号'油茶Camellia oleifera果,设置油茶鲜果不同仓储层高(10 cm、20 cm、30 cm)和仓储时间(5 d、10 d、15 d),测定油茶鲜果的开裂程度、霉变率、含水率和油茶籽的出油率、出油品质等指标,研究不同的仓储后熟处理方法对油茶鲜果脱壳效果和油茶籽出油品质的影响.结果表明,不同处理对油茶鲜果的开裂程度、霉变率及油茶籽的出油率均有较大的影响,但对油茶籽的含水率和出油品质的影响不大,其中仓储高度为10 cm、仓储时间为15 d时,油茶果蒲的未开率从未处理对照(CK)的73.3％显著下降至15％,半开率从CK的6.7％上升至26.7％ ～35.0％,全开率则从CK的0上升至26.7％ ～28.3％,果蒲霉变率为3.3％,但鲜籽均未发现霉斑,油茶籽出油率从CK的33.07％显著上升至40.49％.建议在生产实践中推广应用仓储高度为10 cm、仓储时间为15 d的油茶果蒲仓储后熟处理.

为研究杨木和椴木这2种树木单板的的染色性能,采用2种酸性染料对其进行染色,在相同的染色工艺条件下,以增质率、上染率、色差等为评价指标,通过扫描电镜观察染色前后2种单板表面的形貌及染料分布,考察酸性染料对杨木和椴木单板的染色性能,结果表明:经染料A染色后,杨木单板的增质率、上染率及色差均高于椴木单板,经染料B染色后,杨木单板的增质率、上染率及色差均低于椴木单板.染料A容易在杨木单板上上色,染料B容易在椴木单板上上色.

以4种水性聚氨酯漆料为研究对象,系统研究了漆料和基材类型、涂饰工艺对水性漆表干、实干时间和漆膜硬度、附着力及耐磨性的影响规律.结果表明:漆料的表实干时间及漆膜性能很大程度受成膜树脂本身性能影响;基材影响漆料表实干时间、漆膜硬度和附着力,对漆膜耐磨性影响不大,漆料涂饰在樱桃木和水曲柳上的干燥速率最快,在樱桃木、沙比利和水曲柳上的硬度最佳,达2 H,在樱桃木、沙比利和红橡上的附着力最佳,达0级;涂饰工艺对漆料的表干、实干时间以及漆膜硬度、附着力、耐磨性的影响都不明显,3种工艺涂饰后漆膜硬度和附着力分别为2 H和0级,漆膜耐磨性差别不大.

实验对竹束进行漂白和热处理,制备重组竹材,并进行了竹材化学组成、重组竹材物理力学性能和防腐防霉性能的系统研究.结果表明,漂白或热处理均可有效去除竹材中的粗蛋白,去除率分别达43.7％和39.6％;漂白或热处理后,竹材的酸不溶木质素含量增加,综纤维素含量降低.漂白或热处理不会影响重组竹材的物理力学性能,其中顺纹静曲强度和顺纹弹性模量两项指标有所提高.竹材防霉性能较差,但具有天然的耐腐性能,达Ⅱ级耐腐.漂白或热处理均不能改善竹材防霉性能,但可提高其防腐性能,其中竹束热处理后制备的重组竹材可达到Ⅰ级强耐腐.

重组竹作为一种新型建筑结构用材,其防腐防霉性能非常重要.本研究以未处理、表面浸渍处理、竹束加压浸渍处理三种不同防腐防霉处理工艺制取的炭化重组竹为研究对象,测试分析其防腐防霉性能.试验结果表明:三种处理工艺处理的重组竹防腐性能均达到Ⅰ级强耐腐,质量损失率均小于10%,但防霉性能存在明显的差异.加压浸渍处理竹束制得的重组竹防腐和防霉性能均最好,两种霉菌防治效力均为100%,两种腐朽菌质量损失率均小于1.65%;表面浸渍处理的重组竹黑曲霉防治效力为75%,绿色木霉防治效力为100%,质量损失率为7.96%~8.66%;未处理的炭化重组竹防霉性能最差,两种霉菌防治效力均为0,但具有较好的防腐性能,质量损失率为8.05%~9.11%.本研究可为建筑结构用重组竹的生产和产品开发提供借鉴和参考.

The bamboo powder(BP)was treated by 0.30 mol/L NaOH solution, then added in PHBV.After melt-mixing, the BP/PHBV eco-composites were prepared through thermo-compression.The physical and mechanical properties of the BP/PHBV eco-composites with different treatment time were studied.The results showed that after NaOH solution treatment, the surface of bamboo powder fibre became smooth, and there appeared obvious longitudinal grooves under the SEM.The FTIR spectrum showed that the hydroxyl(-OH)and carbonyl (-COOH)groups in the bamboo powder cellulose decreased obviously, and the substitution reaction occurred.The physical and mechanical properties of the BP/PHBV eco-composites, including tensile, bending and impact strength, first increased and then decreased with increasing treatment time.The physical and mechanical properties of BP/PHBV eco-composites showed a good performance after 2 hours of NaOH solution treatment,being 23.85 MPa,45.21 MPa and 7.69 MPa respectively.

选用碳酸丙烯酯作为固化剂,研究了碳酸丙烯酯加入量对苯酚-尿素-甲醛共缩聚树脂(PUF)固化性能的影响,考查了PUF树脂作为胶粘剂基料用于刨花板的制作情况.结果表明,加入一定量的碳酸丙烯酯后,PUF树脂的固化温度降低,固化时间缩短;碳酸丙烯酯的加入对PUF的固化和刨花板的生产效率有提高和促进作用.

Carbonized reconstructed bamboo timber was treated by five anti-mildew and antiseptic agents such as ACQ (Ammoniacal Copper Quaternary), CuAz (Copper Triazole), ZJFC-I (Propiconazole and Tebuconazole), CCC (Chitosan Copper Complex), PINSKAN (Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, Propiconazole and Tebuconazole) with three concentrations like 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% to test their antiseptic and antimildew capacity with Penicillam citrinum, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus nige, Poria placenta and Coriolus versicolor. The results showed that treated reconstructed bamboo timber had better antiseptic and antimildew. The drug loading had positive relation with agent concentrations, antiseptic and antimildew ability. ZJFC-I and ACQ all had better antimildew abilities. 1.0% of ZJFC-I and 1.5% of ACQ had the best antimildew result, topped to 100%. 1.5%of CuAz had 81.25% and 87.50% effect against P. citrinum and T. viride. 1.5% of CCC and PINSKAN had 87.50% and 100% effect against A. niger. The antiseptid abilities of treated reconstructed bamboo timber increased by 60.4% with mean weight loss percentage less than 3.36%, and their decay resistance grade was level I. CuAz had best antibacterial effect with the same concentration of treatments. The control (no treatment) had not any mildew-proof capacity, but it had good antibacterial property with mean weight loss of 8.48%, and decay resistance grade was level I.

为了研究降香黄檀与越南香枝木材中的化学成分,采用顶空/气质联用法测定了降香黄檀与越南香枝可挥发性成分与脂溶性成分,通过对指纹图谱的对比分析,得出一种可以准确区分两种材质的鉴别方法.结果表明:在可挥发性成分测定中,顶空进样器平衡温度是影响可挥发性成分检出种类及量的主要因素之一,可挥发性成分检出种类及量随平衡温度增高而增加;两材种可挥发性成分较多,均达30种以上,且种类相似,虽含量有差别但不足以构成其特征性差异,无法将两材种加以区分.在脂溶性成分测定中,乙酸乙酯是提取两材种脂溶性成分的最佳试剂,石油醚提取效果较差,甲醇提取液对检测系统污染程度较高;两材种脂溶性成分丰富、相同成分众多,且差异性成分也多.两材种均含大量的橙花叔醇、反式-橙花叔醇和6,7-环氧-蛇麻烯等3种脂溶性成分,三者之和均可达脂溶性成分总量的40％以上.越南香枝中有5种含量较高的脂溶性成分即3,3',4,4'-四甲氧基二苯乙烯、松属素、3-(2,4-二甲氧基苯基)-7-甲氧基苯并二氢吡喃、3,4-二氢-7-甲氧基-3-(2,3,4-三甲氧基苯基)-2H-l-苯并吡喃、N-[2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)乙基]-3-甲氧基-苯甲酰胺,这5种脂溶性成分在越南香枝中含量之和占总脂溶性成分的20％～40％,而在降香黄檀中不足1％,由此可将两材种进行有效鉴别和区分.分析认为,降香黄檀与越南香枝两材种的化学成分差异显著,其中可挥发性成分差异不明显,无法以此准确区分材种,而脂溶性成分种类及含量差异显著,可准确区分两材种.

采用乙酸乙酯对檀香紫檀及6种常见仿紫檀木材抽提物进行提取,利用气质联用法对提取液进行成分分析,通过对抽提物化学成分种类及含量差异的对比,得出一种鉴别檀香紫檀的化学分类方法.结果表明:相同材种提取液所含化学成分种类相近,不同材种间差异较大;6种伪紫檀提取液化学成分均与紫檀有明显区别,且均有各自的特征性成分可作为鉴别该材种的标志性物质.鉴别方法操作简单方便,且高效环保,可作为鉴别紫檀等红木类珍贵木材的辅助方法.

Four kinds of phenol-formaldehyde resins for reconstituted bamboo lumber are chosen to study the resin soaking testing under different conditions,i.e. resin solid content,soaking temperature and soaking time. The results show that the enhanced resin solid content cause the resin soaking content of bamboo strip to increase at first,but decrease afterwards. When it is 25%,maximum resin soaking content is 22.6%. The soaking temperature is higher,the resin soaking content is bigger,and the optimal soaking temperature is 55 ℃. The soaking time has no obvious effect on the resin soaking content, but it needs to exceed 60min.The molecular weight has definite influence on permeability,and the permeability becomes bet-ter when the molecular weight of adhesive is smaller,and has symmetrical distribution.

The method of isolation of enterocytes brush border membrane vesicles from early young fish( 70 days) of Megalobroma pellegrini using precipitation and centrifugal speed was studied. Four experiment groups were as follows: A group- Ca2 +precipitation,28 000 G centrifugal; B group- Ca2 +precipitation,43 000 G centrifugal; C group- PEG precipitation,28 000 G centrifugal; D group- PEG precipitation,43 000 G centrifugal. These preparations were assessed for enrichment of marker enzymes,contamination by subcellular structures,deoxygenrobose nucleic acid( DNA) content and robose nucleic acid( RNA) content. The results of experiment were as follows: the sequence of enrichment of DAN was D< B < C < A,the enrichment of D group was zero. The sequence of enrichment of RNA was D < B < C < A,the enrichment of D group was 0. 007. The sequence of enrichment of sucrase,γ- GT and AKP was A < C < B < D,the enrichment of D group was 6. 172,12. 700 and 20. 185 respectively. The sequence of enrichment of maltose is A < C < D < B,the enrichment of B group was 5. 789. The enrichment of Na+- K+- ATP,SDH were zero in the final membrane preparation of B,D group. The results indicated that PEG precipitation and 43 000 G centrifugal was better the others

In recent years, in the increasingly significant background that synthetic polymer adhesive are subjected to the dual problems of environment protection and cost growth,to develop a new generation of environmentally friendly sustainable wood adhesives is urgent.Soybean protein adhesive as one of the most potential natural adhesive has been extensively studied in this paper.Some common methods of modifying soy protein and the direction of future development were summarized and prospected.

Determination of water absorption property and seed vigor of Protea cynaroides demonstrated that the seed was in good condition and the seed coat did not limit germination.Experiments were conducted on effect of seed soaking with different fold(100,800 and 1500) of pyroligneous acids for 48 hours on germination rate.The results showed that seed treated by 800-fold of pyroligneous acids had the best effect,higher germination rate,vigor and index than the control.

In view of the practical problem in moso production,automatic bamboo culm base grinder was researched and developed,and test and application were taken later.The result showed that the technical route design was right,and the machine was safe,reliable,easy and practical to use;the productive efficiency was greatly increased.The application of the machine has high economic and ecological benefits.With the comprehensive analysis on the application effect of the machine,some suggestions were provided for forestry machine R & D.

The application techniques were researched and analyzed about formaldehyde absorptive reagent used in combination with Finland dynea urea-formaldehyde resin which included their adaptability,different methods of resin distribution,different addition quantity of formaldehyde absorptive reagent and different glue spread amount of urea-formaldehyde resin. The results showed that formaldehyde absorptive reagent had obvious effect of decreasing formaldehyde. The pH value would increase and the viscosity would diminish when formaldehyde absorptive reagent was mixed with dynea urea-formaldehyde resin. The optimal technology parameters were 170g/m2 glue spread, 10% formaldehyde absorptive reagent spread.

Under vacuum and compressive stress, two kinds of fast-growing trees poplar and fir were combined and solidified with nanometer organic montmorillonite and water-soluble PF as intermediate reagent. The results showed that it had significant effect on improving the performance of fast-growing trees when nanometer organic montmoril- lonite was combined, specifically in dimensional stability, mechanical property, and fire retarding capability. The weight gain percent was above 23%, humidity absorption reduced up to 29%, water absorption improved up to 84%, the toughness of fir enhanced 97.6%, compressive strength parallel to the grain and bending strength increased above 16%. Tire retardant capability was also improved and the oxygen index increased more than 15%.

Experiments were conducted on compatibility between formalin catching agent and urea-formaldehyde resin under different conditions,and on productive trial for manufacture of fiberboard.The results showed that formalin catching agent couldn’t coexist with urea-formaldehyde resin,but could be added at glue mixing.More formalin catching agent was added,less pH value changed,lower viscosity and free formaldehyde emission,longer curing.Formalin catching agent could reduce free formaldehyde about 50%.It was a good choice to apply formalin catching agent to produce environment friendly fiberboard,but it need to adjust curing agent dosage or select other curing agent,and optimize technology parameters.