为了明确安徽省水稻叶片上发生的一种新病害,从潜山稻田采集病样,利用形态学和分子生物学方法对水稻弯孢叶斑病的病原进行了鉴定,测定了其生物学特性.结果 表明,该病原菌为新月弯孢霉Curvularia lunata,最适于病原菌菌丝生长和产孢的温度为30℃,最适于孢子萌发的温度为25～30℃,致死温度为53℃10 min,最适于菌丝生长、孢子萌发和产孢的pH为6～8,光照对其无影响,最适碳源为蔗糖,最适氮源为铵态氮.

This study developed a kind of compound burdock beverage made of burdock,medlar,liquo-rice.The flavor of self-made and commercially available burdock beverage was evaluated by using the method of fuzzy comprehensive assessment and GC-MS.The results is concluded that the values of sensory evaluation of self-made and commercially available burdock beverage are 9.32 and 8.12.Meanwhile,38 and 25 kinds of volatile components were detected from self-made and commercially available burdock beverage.Most of the volatile components are mainly composited of aldehydes,ketones,esters,alkanes,alcohols,Furan compounds, Pyrazine compounds.In addition,there are 9 and 4 kinds of dominantly volatile components in self-made and commercially available burdock beverage.

Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the technological parameters of the ultrasonic﹣assisted alkaline extraction of soluble dietary fiber from dried osmund. Effects of four independ﹣ent variables including solid﹣liquid ratio, extraction temperature, ultrasonic time, and ultrasonic power on the yield of soluble dietary fiber were studied by single﹣factor experiments. A quadratic regression mathe﹣matical model was established by Central﹣Composite experimental design and analyzed by response surface methodology. Meanwhile, the influences of independent variables and their interactions on the response value were discussed. The optimal technological parameters were determined as follows:alkaline concen﹣tration 0. 02 g/mL,extraction time 90 min,solid﹣liquid ratio 1. 0 g/23 mL, extraction temperature 54℃, ultrasonic time 25 min, and ultrasonic power 380 W. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the yield of soluble dietary fiber was up to 38. 39%.

Two mathematical models were used to predict the shelf life of tea soda crackers and compare error value and the optimal model was determined. Base on the theory of first-order kinetics model,the peroxide values of tea soda crackers stored at different temperatures( 24,34,44,54 ℃) were studied.Moreover,the correlation between the storage temperature and reaction rate of peroxide value was established using the Arrhenius equation and Q10 equation and the shelf life of tea soda crackers stored at different temperatures( 28,38,48 ℃) were compared with the real values. The results showed that the maximum prediction errors of the Arrhenius model and Q10 model were 10. 9% and 4. 3%. Therefore,the Q10 model could be used to establish the correlation between the shelf life and temperature. Compared with the Arrhenius model,the Q10 model had the higher precision to predict the shelf life of tea soda crackers.

Bacillus subtilis was isolated from the soil,and the fermentation liquid had strong inhibitory action a-gainst Colletotrichum gloeosporioides .In order to identify the antimicrobial compounds,the antimicrobial sub-stances were isolated and purified by (NH4 )2 SO4 fractional precipitation,ultrafiltration,PAGE-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,and tape reciting.The results showed that the purified active protein had inhibitory action to 6 plant pathogenic fungi.The protein was found to be stable at 80 ℃ for 30 min.The inhibitory activity of the protein was observed in the range of pH value from 4 to 7,and not sensitive to ultraviolet radiation,inhibitor and organic solvents.Two kinds of proteins contained in this stripe were identified by mass spectrum.They were the hypothetical protein BSU35980 gi|1 608065 1,with a relative molecular mass of 1 1 079 Da and isoelectric point (p I)of 4.78,and a matching ratio of 68%,and serine hydroxymethyltransferase gi|1 6080743,with a relative molecular mass of 45 575 Da and isoelectric point (p I)of 5.56,and a matching ratio of 67%.Microscope obser-vation revealed that the protein could break up and enlarge the mycelia.

API 20E was used to identify isolated strain PII, and Hg2+removal of PII was tested after plasmid elimination by high temperature and SDS. The results showed that the biochemical spectrum of PII was 2227004, and PII was identified as Pseudomonas putida by API20E;PII had plasmids, and its plasmid clips was 4 kb-5 kb;plasmid elimination rate by high temperature and SDS was 62.5%;the plasmid elimination test showed that the gene which decided strain PII to resist or remove mercury was on the plasmid.

The Chladophora glomerata biofilm system was used to treat eutrophic water,The removal rates of nitrogen,phosphorus,TC(total carbon) and TOC(total organic carbon) were investigated emphatically.The re-sults of the static tests for five days showed that the removal effects of nitrogen,phosphorus,TC and TOC in the Chladophora glomerata biofilm system were remarkable in the fourth day.The removal rates of TN,NH4+-N,NO3——N,NO2——N,TP,PO43——P,TC and TOC reached 77.51%,96.81%,99.74%,83.01%,94.87%,98.68%,42.4%,50.09% respectively,and pH value rose from 7.68 to 9.62 in the test process.From the experimental data process-ing of SAS,conclusions are as follows.First,the NH4+-N and PO43——P is the positive correlation while the concen-tration of NH4+-N and PO43——P in the eutrophic water is the main influence factors which affect the re-moval rates of the other kinds of pollutant.Second,the relationship betwwen TP and TOC presents a significant negative corre-lation,showing that when phosphorus are absorbed and catabolized,the TOC will rise.The concen-tration of phosphorus is a restrictive factor of experiment water,when TP content is low,the Chladophora glomerata biofilm system should be moved out of water promptly to prevent secondary pollution.

Glutathione peroxidase, one of the most important components of anti-peroxidation system of the organism, plays an important role in the responses of microorganisms to the environmental stress. In this study, three oxidative stress reagents were performed to determine the stress effect on glutathion peroxidase of Isaria farinosa. Results indicated that the early treatment of oxidative stress under three kinds of conditions all made the GPX activity of bacterium cells decreased. In the later period of cultivation, the GPX activity of bacterium cells under H202 stress had quite small difference compared to the contrast. While it were greatly increased compared to the contrast under the methylene blue and nitrosodisulfonate stress. The Pf340 strain showed diverse biological behavior in response to different oxidative stress.