目的 对陕西省域内无偿献血者进行人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)检测,分析省域内无偿献血人群HIV流行情况,以期为制定适宜的血液筛查策略和献血者归队方法提供数据与理论依据.方法 选定有区域代表性的陕西省西安市、延安市与安康市3家中心血站的无偿献血者血液样本进行2种四代酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)和病毒核酸检测(nucleic acid testing,NAT)HIV,将所有检测呈反应性的样本进行确证试验.结果 对290341例无偿献血者进行HIV筛查,总计352例初检结果为不合格(含1例ELISA-/NAT+有反应性),筛查反应率0.12％;所有样本送至属地市疾控中心检测,最终确证阳性11例(含核酸检测阳性1例),确证阳性符合率3.79/10万.结论 陕西省域内无偿献血者中HIV阳性符合率低,提示目前无偿献血者HIV的血液筛查策略有待改进,同时也为献血者归队提供一定的理论支持.

Objective To improve the method of informing blood donors of disqualified blood detection results,as well as to promote healthy and sustainable development of regional blood donation.Methods Modern management information systems,such as SHINOW9.0,of ALT,HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-HIV,anti-TP,were used to give responses to the donors regarding their "below standard" blood test results within one month of the blood extraction.The following conditions were regarded as failures to inform:when people gave an empty or wrong number,a number that does not correspond with the donor,and when people did not leave contact information.In addition,another condition that could be considered as failure was if the donor could not be contacted by staff over three different times during a day.Results Between the 1 st of February,2015 and the 31 st of January,2016,the number of "below standard" blood test results amounted to 3 695 people,of which 3 302 people were informed successfully and the inform success rate was 89.36％.On the other hand,393 people had failed results,and the inform failure rate was 10.64％.All the failures were due to cancelled,switched off or non-answered phones,wrong numbers and not leaving contact information.Conclusion In order to ensure we have the accurate and complete information about our blood donors,we need to control the information collection from the starting point.Secondly,the construction of laboratories should be enhanced and external interference should be eliminated.Thirdly,we need to improve our communication methods and skills by giving information.We should also enhance satisfaction in blood donors,and reduce the occurrence rates of medical disputes.

目地探索"五常法"在血站仓库管理中的应用效果。方法通过运用"五常法",将常组织、常整顿、常规范、常清洁、常自律运用于血站仓库管理中。结果提高了血站仓库物资管理质量,有效的利用了仓储空间,减少物资的积压和浪费,保证了采供血物资的安全性。结论运用"五常法"对血站仓库进行规范化管理,有利于提高物资质量,保障了原材料及时和充足的供应,物资进仓的合格率达到100%,仓储物资的保管零报废,提高了工作效率。

<正>随着现代输血医学的发展,临床科学合理用血的观念已经引起了人们的普遍关注和各级卫生行政管理部门的高度重视。临床科学合理用血水平,不仅反映医务人员的技术水平,也能衡量一个国家、一个地区、一所医院的医疗管理水平,因为只有提高了临床输血的合理性,才能提高输血疗效,降低输血治疗的风险;而对临床输血合理性水平的评估,可有针对性地加强医护人员对临床输血相关法律法规的认识,增强输血风险意识,切实提高临床输血安全水平。世界卫生组织在其出版的具有指导意义的《临床输血》一书中明确要求各国制定适合各国、各地区、各医院的具体情况的"临床输血指南"。

<正>无偿献血者绝大部分都是为了奉献爱心,是为社会做出自己应有的贡献,同时也存在一些矛盾和纠纷,这些消极的现象和绝大部分正面的积极的结果比起来只是风毛麟角。尽管有些还达到了很严重的程度,但对整个血站的采血工作和良好的工作秩序造成不同程度的影响。下面,我们就针对

在采血过程中,须运用1个标准差范围来衡量1名献血者的献血量,按照相关规定,全血的容量须精确到采集容量的±10%[1].我们过去一直使用架盘药物天平来衡量血液的采集量,随着智能化采血器材的问世,本中心自2005年4月开始使用可调式智能摇摆秤采血.