Objective Effect of elevated temperature and drought stresses on the content of endogenous hormones in jujube fruits was studied.MethodIn a simulated experiment, 6-year-old Zipiphus jujuba Mill cv. Lingwuchangzao plants were artificially exposed to varied temperatures and restricted water supplies. Ambient atmosphere temperature (T1) and one of 2oC above it (T2) were applied in combination with a simulated water supply for normal condition in soil (D1), moderate drought (D2), or severe drought (D3). Contents of endogenous hormones (i.e., IAA, ABA, ZT, and JA) in the jujube fruits born from the trees at 7 ripening stages were determined. ResultThe interactive effect on the hormones by the simulated temperature and drought conditions was significant (p＜0.05). The contents of ABA, IAA, and JA in the fruits were higher when the atmospheric temperature was raised 2 ℃ above normal. Those of ABA, ZT, and JA also became greater under D2, but that of IAA lower, than D1; whereas those of ABA and JA, increased and those of IAA and ZT, decreased under D3. Conclusion The slightly elevated temperature by 2 ℃ seemed to benefit the accumulation of IAA and JA in the jujube fruits, while the drought stress accentuated the temperature effect on the contents of IAA and JA. Water deprivation appeared to benefit ABA and ZT accumulation, and temperature elevation by 2 ℃ promoted the accumulation of ABA but hindered that of ZT.

WRKY是植物中一类重要的转录因子,广泛调控了植物的生长发育和逆境胁迫应答.基于青稞白粉病侵染幼苗的转录组测序数据,本研究鉴定得到41个青稞WRKY转录因子,被划分为3个大组:Ⅰ组(6个)、Ⅱ组(21个)和Ⅲ组(12个).另外,HvWRKY40和HvWRKY41没有分组.青稞WRKY基因进化分析的聚类结果和分组结果一致,进一步支持了我们分组的正确性.包括HvWRKY2、HvWRKY8、HvWRKY13、HvWRKY34和HvWRKY41,以及HvWRKY4、HvWRKY7、HvWRKY20、HvWRKY26和HvWRKY30在内的两组WRKY基因,表现出明显的先升高(36 h和72 h),后降低(168 h)的基因表达趋势.这些WRKY基因很可能参与了调控青稞抗白粉病的分子应答机制.青稞WRKY家族的蛋白相互作用网络中,HvWRKY3、HvWR-KY8、HvWRKY9属于网络中的主要中心节点.此外,HvWRKY3、HvWRKY8、HvWRKY9、HvWRKY30、Hv-WRKY34、HvWRKY38、HvWRKY39彼此之间相互作用,是蛋白互作网络的核心网络.本研究挖掘了青稞的WRKY家族成员,系统分析了家族成员的分组、家族成员的WRKY保守域特点、家族成员之间的进化关系、白粉菌侵染下的基因表达水平和家族成员的蛋白互作网络.本研究可为今后青稞的抗逆研究提供优良的候选WRKY基因.

In order to study the diversity of the genetic basis of the hulless barley cultivars in Qinghai and provid helpful information for the genetic improvement and breeding utilization of hulless barley,the agronomic characters of 26 hulless barley cultivars were evaluated by using the statistical methods of simple and partial correlation analysis,multiple stepwise regression and path analysis in order to provide helpful information for the genetic improvement of hulless barley.The results showed that the degree and range of 9 agronomic characters variation is were quite large,and some species have had certain available advantages.The correlation analysis showed that multiple traits influenced the grain yield;multiple stepwise regression and path analysis showed that spike number per plant,1000 grain weight and grain number per spike is were the main affecting factors in grain weight per plant.And 75.2%variation of grain weight per plant could be explained by the multiple regression equations Y= -17.848+1.548 X_1+0.368X_2-0.428X_3+0.192Ar4-0.048X_5.The results showed that the hulless barley cultivars in Qinghai had high diversity in agronomic characters and rich genetic basis.And In in the character selection,attention should be paid to the spike number per plant and 1000 grain weight selection,and the mutual restrict relationship between spike length and 1000 grain weight,spike number per plant and grain number per spike should be concerned.

The genetic diversity among 66 wheat cultivars of Qinghai was analyzed by SSR markers.20 pairs of SSR primers with stable amplified band patterns were screened and a total of 81 alleles were scored.2 to 8 alleles could be detected by each SSR primer with the average number of 4.05.Eight alleles were detected in primer xgwm133-6B and xgwm3-3D and 6 alleles in xgwm2-3A and xgwm107-4B.The genetic similarity(GS) among 66 wheat cultivars varied from 0.530 9 to 0.975 3.The mean polymorphism information content(PIC) was 0.686 5.Shannon's Information index and Nei's(1973) gene diversity were 0.367 2 and 0.237 6 separately.Based on cluster analysis,66 wheat cultivars could be clustered into 4 groups,and some materials were not distinguished clearly by cluster analysis because of parents types,indicating that growth habits of these materials were independent with related behaviors of SSR primer loci,but clustering based on SSR polymorphism was related to ecological areas generally,which was generally agree with affiliation of experimented varieties.

The impaction of carbendazim to soil enzyme activities and microbial N in Cu contaminated wheat and vegetable land were studied in mimic condition.When carbendazim was incorporated in wheat land soils,the catalase and sucrase activities were increased,and the urase activity was decreased.The change trends of catalase and urase activities in vegetable land soils were similar to the wheat land's.But the sucrase activity change trends was in reverse with wheat land.The carbendazim enhanced the extent of restrain of Cu to soil microbe,and the microbial N in soil with Cu and carbendazim was decreased markedly.It would been the mechanism that carbendazim had impaction to the relationship of Cu and soil enzyme.

(一)青海春小麦育种研究 青海省农林科学院作物所小麦研究室是具有数十年历史的研究室,自五十年代起就陆续开展了各种途径的育种技术研究,为本省的农业生产和农村经济的发展做出了重大的贡献.五十年来先后育成和引进了数十个优良的新品种.在全省实现了四次品种更新.特别是改革开放的二十年来,随着技术的进步、育种材料的创新、育种经验的不断丰富以及分析手段的改进,培育出了高产优质的青春533为代表的春小麦系列品种.在短短的几年时间里,这些品种的推广面积很快超过了具有三十年当家历史的引进品种阿勃.以这些品种为标志,实现了我省春小麦育种工作由引进为主转为自行培育为主的突破.

本文报道了编入<中国近缘野生大麦遗传资源目录>中的311份青海野生大麦在农艺性状(熟期、株高、千粒重、穗粒数)诸方面的鉴定和评价结果.