To investigate the molecular epidemiology of porcine parvovirus 7 (PPV7) in Fujian Province, China, 563 blood and tissue samples (491 and 72, respectively) were collected from suspected diseased pigs in large-scale pig farms across selected areas of Fujian Province from 2019 to 2022. The presence of PPV7 infection was determined using real-time quantitative PCR, and positive samples were subjected to whole-genome amplification, sequencing, and subsequent analyses including homology, phylogenetic, and recombination analysis. The results revealed a PPV7 positive detection rate of 25.73% (145/563) in Fujian Province. Homology analysis of the 29 obtained whole-genome sequences revealed that the nucleotide sequence homology ranged from 90.0% to 97.2%, while the nucleotide sequence homology with the 128 reference strains from China and other countries ranged from 88.9% to 98.1%. The NS1 nucleotide sequence homology among the 29 PPV7 strains ranged from 92.1% to 99.8%, while the corresponding amino acid sequence homology ranged from 86.5% to 97.3%. The Cap nucleotide sequence homology among the 29 PPV7 strains ranged from 85.7% to 97.9%, while the corresponding amino acid sequence homology ranged from 78.2% to 98.6%. Notably, six strains had partial nucleotide deletions/insertions. Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole-genome sequences successfully classified the 29 PPV7 strains and 128 reference strains into eight subtypes (PPV7a–PPV7h), with the PPV7h subtype being the predominant strain in Fujian Province. Moreover, recombination analysis revealed evidence of inferred recombination events in the genomes of four strains. This study provides significant insights into the molecular characteristics of PPV7 in Fujian Province and serves as a crucial foundation for further advancements in PPV7 prevention and control strategies.

为了比较《中国药典》已收录但相当耗时的液体培养法和未收录但相对快速的荧光定量PCR(qPCR)法对支原体检测的灵敏度,试验分别在猪鼻支原体生长的对数期(48 h)、稳定期(96h)和衰亡期(144 h)取样,将样品10倍系列稀释后,使用液体培养法和qPCR法对各个稀释度进行检测(两种方法的样品加入体积分别为0.5 mL和5μL),以比较二者的灵敏度.结果显示:在存活支原体占比高的对数期和稳定期,液体培养法比qPCR法的检测灵敏度高约100倍;而在死亡支原体占比大幅增加的衰亡期,结果则相反,qPCR法反而比液体培养法的检测灵敏度高约1000倍.当把对数期样品高速离心浓缩约100倍后再用qPCR法检测,其检测灵敏度比浓缩之前提高了约100倍.上述结果表明:影响液体培养法和qPCR法相对灵敏度的主要因素是各自体系中不同的样品加入体积和样品中存活支原体的比例,而由于前一因素导致的两种方法灵敏度的差异,可以通过高速离心浓缩的方法缩小,使两种方法的相对灵敏度基本相同.

为快速检测美洲型猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV-2)并从中鉴别诊断NADC30-like PRRSV,根据PRRSV-2的ORF6基因及类NADC30的2个靶点Nsp9和ORF5基因片段分别设计3对特异性引物和探针,建立了 一种三重荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法.结果显示,Ct值与标准品在1× 109～1×101拷贝/μL范围内存在良好的线性关系,R2均＞0.990,最低检测浓度为10拷贝/μL;该方法特异性强,与其他基因亚型的PRRSV和其他主要猪源病毒无交叉反应;重复性分析结果显示,组内、组间变异系数均小于1％,呈现出良好重复性.应用建立的三重荧光定量RT-PCR 检测方法对116份NADC30-like PRRSV样品进行检测,符合率为98.28％,对458份临床样品进行检测,2对引物单独使用时对NADC30-like PRRSV的检出率分别为36.03％(165/458)和32.3％(148/458),而2对引物同时使用时,NADC30-like PRRSV的检出率明显提高,为44.5％(204/458).因此,本研究建立的三重荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法可用于PRRSV-2检测,可快速区分出NADC30-like PRRSV,可为PRRSV的防控提供技术支持.

To investigate the prevalence and genomic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus（PRRSV） in Fujian province and provid a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of PRRS, the complete genome of 32 isolates from Fujian province from 2017 to 2021 were analyzed. Tissues and serum were collected from suspected of being infected with PRRSV in Fujian during 2017-2021 were used for virus isolation and full-length genomics sequences amplification by RT-PCR. Genome analyses were performed using the DNASTAR 7.0 package. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by the MEGA 7.0 software using the neighbor-joining method, the genomic recombination of PRRSV were analyzed by using RDP 4.10 and Simplet SimPlot 3.51 softwares. Thirty-two PRRSV-2 strains were successfully isolated. The full length of 32 isolates were determined to be 14938-15439 bp, excluding the poly（A） tail and shared 81.4%-99% identity with PRRSV-2 representative strains and only 59.8%-60.6% with LV. Genotyped of 32 PRRSVs were tested by genetic evolutionary tree constructed by the whole genome and ORF5 gene, and the results showed 75% agreement. Genomic sequence analysis showed Nsp2 and ORF5 are the most variable protein in PRRSV genome, Nsp2 protein has different degrees of amino acid deletion（1-155 aa） and GP5 had high variability in the primary neutralizing epitope（PNE）. Recombination analyses revealed a high recombination probability（27/32） and complex recombination patterns were found in the 32 PRRSV strains, including: L1+L8, L1+L3, L8+L5, L8+L3, L1（Sublineage1.8+Sublineage1.5）+L8, L1+L5+L8, L1+L3+L8, L1+L3+L5, L1+L3+L5+L8. Additionally, PRRSV genomic recombination hotspots mainly distributed in Nsp1, Nsp2, Nsp9 and ORF3 genes. In summary, the epidemiological and evolutionary characteristics of PRRSV indicating the circulating strains in Fujian Province are recombinant strains with NADC30-like PRRSV as the main parent. Genotypes of PRRSV should be based on the results of the full-length genome.

目的 分析2021年从福建省发生腹泻的猪场分离到的1株G26P[23]新基因型猪轮状病毒RVA/pig/CHN/FJSH01/2021/G26P[23](简称FJSH01)的分子特征.方法 利用MARC-145细胞进行RV分离,采用RT-PCR方法对分离株FJSH01的全基因组进行了测定,利用在线分型工具RotaC v2.0对其基因型进行鉴定,并对其分子遗传特征进行了分析.结果 分离株 FJSH01 的基因型图谱为 G26-P[23]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1,即 G26P[23]型.分离株 FJSH01 的VP3、NSP1、NSP3 和 NSP5 基因分别与人源轮状病毒 RVA/Human_wt/VNM/30378/2009/G26P[19]、RVA/Human-wt/VNM/NT0077/2007/G4P[6]、Human/LL4260/China/T1 和 RVA/Human/Ryukyu-1120 的核苷酸同源性最高,为 96.01％～98.65％,其余7个片段与猪源轮状病毒(PoRV)的核苷酸同源性最高,为95.12％～97.99％,表明分离株FJSH01可能为人源轮状病毒和猪源轮状病毒重配后的病毒株.结论 G26P[23]型PoRV为国内首次鉴定,研究结果丰富了 PoRV分子流行病学资料,为PoRV预防控制提供理论参考.

2022年6月福建省龙岩市某规模化猪场的母猪陆续发病,临床主要表现为病猪的膝关节轻微肿大,不愿久站,甚至站立困难.为查明发病原因,对病猪进行病理剖检,并采集血液和膝关节积液样品,分别用于生猪常见疫病病原体的核酸检测和微生物的分离培养.结果显示:病理剖检未发现主要脏器的明显病变;血液样品的核酸检测显示,猪圆环病毒3型(Por-cine Circovirus type 3,PCV3)为阳性,未检出其它主要病原体;膝关节积液样品的微生物培养产物的显微镜镜检结果显示有酵母样真菌,经培养产物的PCR扩增和DNA测序表明:该酵母样真菌为近平滑假丝酵母菌(Candida parapsilosis).结论:该病例为猪圆环病毒3型(PCV-3)与近平滑假丝酵母菌的混合感染.根据文献查询,这是世界首例有关近平滑假丝酵母菌导致生猪膝关节深部感染并从膝关节积液中成功分离到近平滑假丝酵母菌的报道.

Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is an important pathogen causing reproductive disorders in sows, with clinical symptoms including stillbirth, mummified fetuses, embryonic dysplasia and death, and sow infertility. Porcine parvovirus 7 (PPV7) is a recently discovered type of PPV and its widespread distribution and rapid evolution has caused huge economic losses in the pig industry. To investigate the molecular epidemiology of PPV7 in Fujian Province, China, we collected 491 blood samples and 72 tissue samples from diseased pigs in large-scale pig farms across selected areas of Fujian Province from 2019 to 2022. PPV7 infection was determined using real-time quantitative PCR, and positive samples underwent whole-genome amplification, sequencing, and subsequent homology, phylogenetic, and recombination analyses. The PPV7 positive detection rate was 25.73% (145/563) in Fujian Province, among which the positive rate of blood and tissue samples was 26.47% (130/491) and 20.83% (15/72), respectively. The nucleotide sequence homology among the 29 PPV7 whole-genome sequences obtained in this study was 90.0%-97.2%, whereas that with 128 reference strains from China and other countries was 88.9%-98.1%. Six strains had partial nucleotide deletions or insertions. Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole-genome sequences classified the 29 PPV7 strains and 128 reference strains into eight subtypes (PPV7a-PPV7h), and PPV7h was the predominant subtype in Fujian Province. Recombination analysis revealed evidence of inferred recombination events in the genomes of four strains. This study provides significant insights into the molecular characteristics of PPV7 in Fujian Province and serves as a crucial foundation for further advancements in PPV7 prevention and control strategies.

猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)和猪细小病毒2型(PPV2)均为猪呼吸道疾病综合征(PRDC)的潜在致病病原.为了建立一种高效、快速、准确且能够同时鉴定PCV2和PPV2的双重PCR方法,下载GenBank已公布的多个PCV2及PPV2全基因序列并比对,针对PCV2和PPV2基因组的保守序列设计合成2对PCR引物,对双重PCR反应条件进行优化,建立了同时检测PCV2和PPV2的双重PCR方法,并对其敏感性,特异性及与普通单一 PCR的符合率做出评价.结果显示,该方法能同时扩增出666bp(PCV2)与254bp(PPV2)的特异性片段,对阳性标准质粒pMD-PCV2和pMD-PPV2的检测限分别为1.0×102 copies/μL和1.0×101 copies/μL,对猪伪狂犬病病毒、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒、猪流行性腹泻病毒、猪轮状病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪乙型脑炎病毒、猪细小病毒1/4/6/7型和猪圆环病毒3/4型的核酸扩增结果均为阴性.对临床疑似患PRDC的86份肺部组织样品进行检测,结果显示,PCV2阳性率为30.2％,PPV2阳性率为59.3％,两者的共感染率为20.9％,与单一 PCR检测结果一致.结果表明,本研究建立的双重PCR方法可有效、特异、灵敏、快速鉴定PCV2和PPV2,为PCV2和PPV2的快速检测及其流行病学调查提供有效的技术手段.

[目的]利用DNA改组技术(DNA shuffling)对不同谱系的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)ORF5基因进行体外重组,构建具有良好交叉保护作用的DNA疫苗,为研制新型PRRSV疫苗提供参考.[方法]利用DNA改组技术对PRRSV谱系1、3、5.1、8.7毒株的ORF5基因进行体外突变重组,筛选去除信号肽的重组突变体.将重组突变体与真核表达载体pCAGGS-HA连接,构建重组表达质粒并进行酶切和测序鉴定,经脂质体转染MARC-145细胞,利用间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)和Western blotting试验检测目的蛋白的表达情况.将重组质粒pCA-ΔORF5-8和pCA-ΔORF5-46(ORF5基因重组的DNA疫苗)免疫小鼠,试验同时设pCAGGS-HA空载体组、PBS空白对照组、弱毒疫苗组(经典弱毒疫苗Ingelvac PRRS MLV,MLV组)和pCA-ORF5-MLV组(ORF5基因来自Ingelvac PRRS MLV),评估其免疫效果.[结果]筛选到2个去除信号肽的重组突变体(ΔORF5-8和ΔORF5-46).成功构建重组表达质粒pCA-ΔORF5-8和pCA-ΔORF5-46,其可在MARC-145细胞中表达GP5蛋白.与pCAGGS-HA空载体组和PBS空白对照组相比,pCA-ΔORF5-8和pCA-ΔORF5-46组免疫小鼠血清白介素4(IL-4)和干扰素γ(INF-γ)含量均极显著提高(P＜0.01),脾淋巴细胞增殖能力均极显著增强(P＜0.01),均能产生针对GP5蛋白的抗体,血清中和试验表明,免疫组小鼠血清能对异源毒株产生交叉中和抗体(抗体平均滴度为10～16).[结论]重组DNA疫苗pCA-ΔORF5-8和pCA-ΔORF5-46均能有效刺激并诱导机体产生细胞及体液免疫应答,具有良好的免疫原性.

[目的]查明引起福建省龙岩市某豪猪养殖场致豪猪腹泻死亡的病原菌及其特征,为该病的科学防控及合理用药提供参考依据.[方法]分离腹泻死亡豪猪的病原,并结合形态特征、生理生化试验、16S rRNA基因扩增、种系发育分群鉴定分离菌株;通过毒力基因检测、动物致病性试验及药敏试验对分离菌株的致病性和耐药性进行研究.[结果]从发病死亡豪猪肝脏组织中分离到1株大肠杆菌,命名为Fj/Porcupine2018,该分离菌株与22株不同来源的参考菌株16S rRNA序列之间的相似度为97.4％～99.8％,其中与禽源分离株(登录号:MN022583)和人源分离株(登录号:MW881377)的序列相似度高达99.8％;种系发育分群证实该分离菌株属于B1群.毒力基因检测结果显示,该分离菌株除检出肠侵袭型大肠杆菌毒力基因EinV外,还检出papC、iroC、Afa、luxs、stx2f及ompA 6种毒力相关基因.动物致病性试验显示,该分离菌株对小鼠具有较强的致病性,小鼠在攻毒后31 h内全部死亡,且肝脏、脾脏、肺脏及肠道等器官组织均有明显的病理损伤;在对常见抗菌药物的药敏试验中,该分离菌株对大环内酯类、四环素类、喹诺酮类、磺胺类、头孢类、氨基糖苷类、青霉素类7类11种药物表现出不同程度的耐药,耐药率为25％～100％,仅对头孢曲松和头孢西叮2种药物表现敏感.[结论]本研究分离获得了 1株腹泻死亡豪猪的病原菌大肠杆菌,通过一系列生物学特性研究证实该分离菌为1株具有较强致病力且呈现多重耐药性的B1群肠侵袭型大肠杆菌,为豪猪等野生动物大肠杆菌病的防控提供了重要的参考依据.

本试验旨在研究不同饲养方式对贵妃鸡鸡蛋品质和蛋黄脂肪酸组成的影响.选取饲养200日龄产蛋率接近的贵妃鸡180羽,随机分成"大棚-网上-鱼腥草"和"大棚-网上"两组饲养模式,每组3个重复,每个重复30羽,饲养日粮均相同.试验期67d,预试期7 d,正试期60 d.结果表明,与"大棚-网上"饲养模式相比,"大棚-网上-鱼腥草"饲养模式中蛋重和蛋壳厚度有显著差异(P＜0.05),蛋形指数、蛋壳强度、蛋黄颜色、哈氏单位及蛋黄比率无显著差异(P＞0.05);多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)和饱和脂肪酸(SFAs)含量有显著差异(P＜0.05),ω-3系PUFAs有显著差异(P＜0.05);ω-6系PUFAs无显著差异(P＞0.05);ω-6/ω-3PUFAs的比值8.60与"大棚-网上"组的比值14.10有降低;胆固醇含量有显著差异(P＜0.05)."大棚-网上-鱼腥草"饲养模式提高了贵妃鸡鸡蛋的品质和脂肪酸的含量,降低了ω-6/ω-3PUFAs的比值和胆固醇含量.

为分析本实验室2017-2018年从同一规模化猪场临床病料中分离的2株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)的分子遗传特征,本试验采用PCR方法对分离毒株的全基因组进行扩增,并使用分子生物学软件Simplot 3.5.1和RDP 4.24对其进行遗传演化和重组分析.结果显示,分离毒株FJDJQ-2017和FJDJQ-2018基因组全长均为15 016 bp(去除polyA后),2个毒株之间的核苷酸相似性仅为85.8％,与代表性毒株NADC30、QYYZ、VR2332和JXA1的核苷酸同源性分别为92.7％/89.4％、82.8％/84.4％、84.9％/84.7％和 83.2％/84.5％;Nsp2 氨基酸序列分析显示,2 个毒株均存在类 NADC30 毒株特征性的(111+1+19)aa的不连续缺失;基于全基因组遗传演化分析表明,2个毒株均属于谱系1,而基于ORF5基因的进化树分析表明FJDJQ-2017属于谱系3,而FJDJQ-2018属于谱系1;重组分析结果显示,FJDJQ-2017株是以类NADC30毒株为主要亲本毒株,以类QYYZ毒株和类VR2332毒株为次要亲本毒株的重组毒株,而FJDJQ-2018株是以类NADC30毒株为主要亲本毒株,以类QYYZ毒株和类JXA1毒株为次要亲本毒株的重组毒株.本试验结果丰富了 PRRSV重组毒株的基因信息数据库,也为预防和控制猪繁殖与呼吸综合征提供了参考.

猪细小病毒(PPV)是临床上造成母猪繁殖障碍的重要致病原,4/6/7型猪细小病毒是近几年发现的新型猪细小病毒,并且均已在流产胎儿中发现.为了解福建地区三种猪细小病毒的感染情况,本研究收集2020年福建地区68份发病猪血清和20份发病猪组织样品进行调查,发现PPV4、PPV6、PPV7在福建地区存在较高的感染率分别为9.09％、12.50％、37.50％.PPV4与PPV6之间存在着较高的共感染率,为5.68％,分别占PPV4、PPV6阳性样品的62.50％及45.45％.另外,本次调查发现PPV4、PPV6血清样品的检出率均低于组织样品,而PPV7在血清样品的检出率高于组织样品.本研究初步调查了2020年福建地区4/6/7型猪细小病毒的感染情况,为未来新型猪细小病毒的防控提供数据参考.

Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is the primary cause of reproductive disorders in pigs. The porcine parvovirus 7 (PPV7) subtype was first identified in the United States in 2016. In this study, PPV7 was detected in different porcine samples, including serum, feces, saliva, and milk, from 69 pig farms in the Fujian and Guangdong regions of South China, and its coinfection with porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was determined. Whole-genome sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, and recombination analysis were performed on seven isolates, with each selected isolate originating from a different farm. There was a high rate of PPV7 positivity in blood, stool, and saliva but PPV7 DNA was absent from breast milk. The findings also showed that PPV7-positive samples had a high rate of coinfection with PCV2, PCV3, and PRRSV. Real-time PCR was used to determine the viral copy numbers of PCV2, PCV3, PRRSV, and PPV7 in serum samples and to assess whether PPV7 affected PCV2, PCV3, and PRRSV viral loads. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PPV7e and PPV7f were the most prevalent and widespread subtypes in the Fujian and Guangdong regions, respectively. While the PPV7a, PPV7b, PPV7c, and PPV7f subtypes were most prevalent in Fujian Province, PPV7a-e subtypes were prevalent in Guangdong, indicating that PPV7 has rich genetic diversity in these regions. A putative recombinant strain, 21FJ09, was identified using SimPlot and the Recombination Detection Program 4 software.

猪细小病毒(Porcine parvovirus,PPV)是造成母猪繁殖障碍的重要致病原之一,并在世界范围内广泛流行,感染后可造成猪的死木胎综合征(Still-birth,mummification,embryonic death and infertility,SMEDI),即母猪产死胎、木乃伊胎、胚胎发育不良和死亡及母猪不孕等[1].PPV在临床上常与猪圆环病毒(PCV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)等病原产生共感染并引发猪的免疫抑制,给猪场带来巨大的经济损失[2].

[目的]调查闽粤地区猪细小病毒7型(Porcine parvovirus type 7,PPV7)与猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)的混合感染情况,并掌握两地PPV7 Cap基因的分子遗传特征.[方法]收集闽粤地区69个猪场的432份发病猪血液进行PPV7和PCV2的PCR检测,并对阳性样品的PPV7 Cap基因进行克隆测序.利用DNAStar软件对两地PPV7 Cap基因的核苷酸序列及氨基酸序列进行分析,并采用Mega 7.0软件绘制遗传进化树.[结果]闽粤地区PPV7阳性率为21.99％(96/432),场阳性率为53.62％(37/69),PCV2阳性率为54.17％(234/432),两者共感染率为13.43％(58/432).应用PCR方法成功扩增出17株PPV7 Cap基因序列.核苷酸相似性分析发现,17株PPV7 Cap基因序列之间相似性在85.6％～100％,与国内外参考毒株相似性在85.8％～99.0％.氨基酸序列比对发现,17株PPV7 Cap蛋白氨基酸序列相似性为87.6％～100％,与国内外参考毒株间的氨基酸相似性为82.6％～98.7％.基于Cap基因的遗传进化分析表明,PPV7可分为PPV7a～PPV7e 5个主要的进化分支,其中9株属于PPV7a进化分支,3株属于PPV7b分支,4株属于PPV7c分支,仅有1株属于PPV7e分支.[结论]PPV7在闽粤地区广泛流行,并且与PCV2有较高的共感染率,可能为猪圆环病毒相关疾病(Porcine circovirus associated disease,PCVAD)的潜在致病因子.闽粤两地PPV7毒株具有丰富的遗传多样性,而PPV7a分支毒株为目前的主要优势毒株.本研究为闽粤地区PPV7的防控及疫苗研究提供理论依据及数据参考.

6岁雄性贵宾犬出现食欲下降,精神极度沉郁,基本废食,体重下降及站立不稳.通过临床检查、实验室检查、影像学检查和促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)刺激试验进行诊断,血常规结果显示红细胞压积和红细胞数目升高,提示患犬严重脱水;血气分析结果表明患犬出现低钠血症、高钾血症与低氯血症,属于肾上腺皮质机能减退的典型电解质紊乱情况;超声检查结果表明该犬肾上腺萎缩;ACTH刺激试验结果为肾上腺皮质机能减退,确诊该犬患有阿迪森氏病.采取静脉输液、口服醋酸氟氢可的松、肌肉注射泼尼松龙等进行治疗,预后良好.

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) accumulates within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells during physiological aging and in age-related diseases (ARDs) and the accumulation could be caused by the declined exclusion of nuclear eccDNA in these states. This review focuses on the formation of eccDNA and the roles of some main factors, such as nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), nucleoplasmic reticulum (NR), and nuclear actin, in eccDNA exclusion. eccDNAs are mostly formed from non-coding DNA during DNA damage repair. They move to NPCs along nuclear actin and are excluded out of the nucleus through functional NPCs in young and healthy cells. However, it has been demonstrated that defective NPCs, abnormal NPC components and nuclear actin rods are increased in aged cells, various cancers and certain other ARDs such as cardiovascular diseases, premature aging, neurodegenerative diseases and myopathies. Therefore, mainly resulting from the increase of dysfunctional NPCs, the exclusion of nuclear eccDNAs may be reduced and eccDNAs thus accumulate within the nucleus in aging and the aforementioned ARDs. In addition, the protective function of non-coding DNA in tumorigenesis is further discussed.

本文旨在研究银杏叶葡萄籽复合粉对贵妃蛋鸡血清酶活性、血脂水平和鸡蛋胆固醇含量的影响.选取30周龄的健康贵妃蛋鸡120羽,随机分成对照组和试验组共4组,各设3个重复,每个重复10羽,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中分别添加1.0％、1.5％和2.0％的银杏叶葡萄籽复合粉,预试期7d,正试期60d.结果 表明,与对照组相比,各试验组能显著提高血清中乳酸脱氢酶的活性(P＜0.05),谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶的活性有下降趋势,但均差异不显著(P＞0.05).试验组能显著降低血清甘油三酯和血清总胆固醇含量(P＜0.05),血清HDL-C含量随着银杏叶葡萄籽复合粉添加水平的提高有升高的势态,且以1.5％银杏叶葡萄籽复合粉组提高最多,为37.65％,差异达显著水平(P＜0.05).试验组的蛋黄相对重差异不显著(P＞0.05),试验组的蛋黄胆固醇和每个全蛋胆固醇含量随着银杏叶葡萄籽复合粉添加水平的提高有降低的势态,且以1.5％银杏叶葡萄籽复合粉组降低显著,分别降低了13.73％(P＜0.05)和27.17％(P＜ 0.05).试验结果显示,蛋鸡饲粮中添加银杏叶葡萄籽复合粉可以提高贵妃蛋鸡血清酶的活性、降低血脂水平和鸡蛋胆固醇含量,且以添加1.5％为宜.

[目的]分析我国东南地区2012-2018年规模化猪场猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)的流行动态、基因组特性及病毒重组情况,为猪圆环病毒相关疾病(PCVAD)的防控和疫苗开发提供理论依据.[方法]对2012-2018年采自福建、江西、广东、江苏及浙江等省规模化猪场疑似断奶仔猪多系统衰弱综合症(PMWS)猪只的649份组织样本及血清样本采用PCR方法进行检测,对PCV2进行基因分型,并选取54份阳性样品进行PCV2全基因组同源性比对、系统发育分析和重组分析,同时对ORF2基因进行遗传进化分析和衣壳(Cap)蛋白氨基酸序列比对.[结果]东南地区猪场感染PCV2较普遍,PCV2阳性率为41.9％(272/649).猪场存在PCV2a、PCV2b、PCV2d和PCV2e 4个基因型毒株,其中以PCV2d流行为主.基于PCV2全长核苷酸序列和ORF2基因的系统进化分析表明,54株PCV2毒株均分为4个基因型;PCV2e毒株检出率较低(仅为0.46％),其基因组全长1 777 bp,与其他基因型代表毒株的全长核苷酸同源性较低(91.0％～93.0％).重组分析表明,不同基因型毒株间存在重组现象.Cap蛋白的氨基酸序列分析表明,不同基因型具有特征性的突变位点.[结论]东南地区猪场存在4种基因型PCV2,其中PCV2d为优势基因型,不同基因型毒株间存在重组现象.新基因型PCV2e的检出率较低.