目的 调查洛阳市住院产妇母乳的捐献知信行情况,并为今后母乳捐献宣传及洛阳市母乳库的建立提供理论依据.方法 选取2020年8月—2021年6月在洛阳市5家三甲医院及1家妇幼专科医院产科住院产妇为调查对象,采用母乳捐献的知信行调查问卷进行调查.结果 共发放问卷300份,收回问卷276份,有效问卷262份.洛阳市住院产妇对母乳捐献相关理论知识学习认知发展程度比较高,大多数产妇对于母乳捐献有信心,87.8％的住院产妇认为"成为捐献母乳的爱心妈妈非常有意义",但是实际母乳捐献的积极性不高,仅37.0％的住院产妇"愿意捐献自身母乳".结论 洛阳市人群捐献母乳的认知程度较高,捐献母乳的意向较高,但母乳捐献行动的配合度较低.

目的 探讨护理干预在预防剖宫产术后腹壁切口裂开中的应用.方法 对本科2013年3月至2015年9月住院行剖宫产术的患者共1826例,随机分为对照组(n=916)及观察组(n=910);对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予综合护理干预;比较两组切口裂开的发生率.结果 对照组切口裂开的发生率为1.2％,观察组切口裂开的发生率为0.3％,观察组腹壁切口裂开明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 综合护理干预可以降低剖宫产术后腹壁切口裂开.

目的：探讨剖宫产术后弥散性血管内凝血（disseminated intravascular coagulation，DIC）的抢救及护理。方法对2001年2月至2014年8月洛阳东方医院妇产科23例剖宫产术后 DIC 患者的资料进行回顾性分析，总结抢救及护理体会。结果23例患者除1例因羊水栓塞死亡外，其他22例均痊愈出院。结论及早发现、积极抢救、精心护理、医护有效配合可以提高抢救的成功率。

目的：探讨妊娠合并脐疝手术治疗的护理体会。方法：回顾性分析我院2006年3月~2014年8月11例妊娠合并脐疝患者手术治疗的护理资料。结果：本组病例经手术治疗及护理均痊愈，无复发。结论：妊娠合并脐疝经手术治疗及精心的护理，效果是非常满意的。

<正>生殖器结核是结核分枝杆菌侵犯生殖器引起的以输卵管病变为主的一系列炎性病变,临床表现以腹痛、盆腔肿块为主,表现特异性差,易与卵巢癌、子宫内膜异位症、慢性盆腔炎混淆,为降低生殖器结核的误诊率,将2007年至2012年18例生殖器结核患者误诊情况进行分析。1资料与方法1.1一般资料本例共18例患者,年龄19～55岁,其中20～40岁13例,既往有肺结核病史4例,腹盆腔肿块7例,原发不孕5例,腹痛3例,腹水2例,经期发热2例。第一

Objective To evaluate the clinical treatment of ectopic pregnancy.Methods The methods and characteristics of clinical treatment of 342 cases of ectopic pregnancy in our hospital nearly five years were retrospectively analyzed.Results 38 cases of ectopic pregnancy were treated by conservative drugMTX,the success rate was 92.11%;the defeated factors had the medicine side effect to cause the treatment termination and acute abdomen,the failure rate was 7.89%.Surgical treatment had open operation and laparoscopic operation,laparoscopic operation had a small scar,shorter operative time,less bleeding,rapid postoperative recovery,shorter hospital stay,and the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05) compared with open operation.Tubal pregnancy surgery treatment had Salpingectomy and retain tubal conservative surgery,blood β-HCG returned to normal after 14 days using Salpingectomy,but the conservative surgery returned to normal after 21 days,both compared to postoperative day 1 was no significant difference(P 0.05);After 4,7 and 14 days the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05);the mesosalpinx of pregnancy site was injected with MTX 20 mg after conservative surgery to prevent persistent ectopic pregnancy,and the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05) compared with no injection of MTX.Conclusion The success rate of MTX treated conservatively ectopic pregnancy is high,which become the first choice to patients who retain uterine tube and fear the surgery.The laparoscopic operation can be taken as the priority method of treatment to patients and doctors.Injecting MTX into mesosalpinx of pregnancy site after conservative surgery can effectively prevent the occurrence of persistent ectopic pregnancy.

目的探讨女性盆腔脓肿的临床特点和处理方法、手术探查情况以提高诊疗水平。方法对2009年10月至2011年10月在洛阳东方医院治疗的32例女性急性盆腔炎患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,分析其病史、临床表现、入院诊断及治疗方法,并对保守治疗和手术治疗的治疗效果进行比较。结果急性盆腔炎大部分发生在育龄妇女,临床表现除发热、腹痛及盆腔包块,还会伴肠梗阻、低钾血症,临床诊断正确率50%,误诊率50%。20例患者均经抗生素保守治疗治愈,12例患者因治疗效果差改手术治疗,其中肠梗阻12例,结论女性盆腔炎病因复杂,临床表现多样,其临床症状缺乏特异性,误诊率高。病史及盆腔超声、腹部平片在诊断盆腔脓肿中发挥重要作用。治疗以手术治疗效果好,一旦确诊,应尽早手术。

目的:探讨晚期妊娠死胎常见原因。方法:收治发生晚期妊娠死胎患者14例,回顾性分析发生的原因。结果:14例死胎中,9例经阴道分娩,5例剖宫取胎。结论:死胎的发生与孕妇的文化程度、对胎动的认识、脐带、胎盘早剥等因素密切相关,O型血的孕妇尤应列入高危妊娠的首位。为避免死胎发生,应提高专业医师的诊断水平、及时处理。

Objective:To study the significance of methyleneterahydrofolate reductase,Methionine synthase,Cystathionine beta-synthase in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension.Methods:Hcy concentration was determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay(FPIA).MTHFR C677T,MTRR A66G,MS A2756G and CBβS 844 ins 68 gene polymorphisms were detected by the technique of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).Results:In the patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension,the total mutant T allele frequency of MTHFR gene was significantly higher than that of the control group,where the total mutant G allele frequency of MS gene was lower than that of the control group.Conclusion:The study shows that MTHFR C677T and methionine synthase A2756G are informative polymorphic markers for diagnosis and management of pregnancy-induced hypertension.However,the mutation rate of CBβS 844 ins 68 and MTRR A66G are not suitable for screening the disease.

目的 探讨肝细胞生长因子受体(c-Met)和基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)在卵巢上皮癌中的表达特点及生物学行为关系.方法 应用免疫组化S-P法检测50例卵巢上皮癌、15例交界性卵巢上皮肿瘤、20例良性卵巢上皮肿瘤及20例正常卵巢组织中c-Met和MMP-2的表达情况.结果 c-Met和MMP-2在卵巢上皮癌中的阳性表达率分别为84.0%和86.0%,与卵巢上皮癌的组织分化和临床分期有关,而与组织类型无关.c-Met和MMP-2表达具有正相关性(P＜0.05).结论 c-Met和MMP-2的表达可能与卵巢上皮癌的发生发展有关,c-Met和MMP-2表达呈正相关,二者可成为观察卵巢上皮癌侵袭进展、转移和预后的指标.

HGF是一种肝细胞特有的血小板衍生物,是在1984年Nakamura等人从切除了部分肝脏的大鼠的血小板中提取出来的,因此被命名为肝细胞生长因子(hepatocyte growth factor,HGF).

目的:探讨分娩方式及其它产科因素与尿失禁的关系.方法:对洛阳市某大型企业在职及退休女工采取整层随机抽样进行尿失禁问卷调查.结果:①尿失禁患病率为41.82%,随着年龄的增加而升高(P<0.001);②尿失禁患者体重指数(BMI)和非尿失禁患者比较有显著性差异(P<0.001);③分娩方式与尿失禁明显相关,阴道分娩明显高于剖宫产(P<0.001);④新生儿体重、母乳喂养以及流产次数与尿失禁无关(P>0.05).结论:工厂女工尿失禁患病率较高,年龄及BMI与患病情况密切相关,分娩方式与尿失禁明显相关.应加强孕产期保健,降低尿失禁患病率,提高女性生活质量.

Objective To explore the prevalence and clinical features of female urinary incontinence (UI) by the method of epidemiological survey in Luoyang.Methods We adopted cluster random sampling method to investigate the female aged from 12 to 88 years old in Luoyang by Female Urinary Incontinence Symptoms Questionnaires(self-designed) from October 2005 to September 2007.The procedure of this investigation followed the ethics standard established by the committee of human trials of Luoyang Dongfang Hospital.Third Affiliated Hospital,Henan University of Science and Technology.Informed consent was obtained from all participates.Results①The prevalence rate of female urinary incontinence was 31.33%in Luoyang,and the prevalence rate increased with the growth of age(x~2=408.7606,P=0.000).②The prevalence rate of female stress urinary incontinence(SUI),urge urinary incontinence(UUI) and mixed urinary incontinence(MUI) were 22.84%.3.34%and 5.15%in Luoyang.The composition ratios were 72.91%,10.66%and 16.43%,respectively.③The prevalence rate of urinary incontinence increased with body mass index(BMI) in this investigation.Compared with the body mass index of urinary incontinence group and non-urinary incontinence group,the difference was significant(t=4.572,P=0.000).④Among all the patients with urinary incontinence,26.05%thought that urinary incontinence affected their life quality,47.79%(605/1 266) thought that urinary incontinence affected their social activities,23.85% (302/1 266) hold that urinary incontinence impacted their psychology.11.93%(151/1 266) thought that urinary incontinence affected both their social activities and psychology.54.19%(523/965) of the total patients with urinary incontinence thought that this disease was a natural phenomenon,28.08%(271/965) didn't know how to deal with it,and 12.33%(119/965) felt heavily suffered.A total of 5.40%(52/965) patients thought it caused by the economic reasons,and 15.96%(113/708) were treated or pretend to go to doctor.Conclusion The prevalence rate of female urinary incontinence was high in Luoyang,which related to the age and body mass index according to this investigation.It is a serious disease that affects the life quality of female urinary incontinence patients who only know a little.More attention should be paid to propagandizing and educating the scientific knowledge of urinary incontinence.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of mifepristone on endometriotic patients after conservative surgery and the effects of endocrine response.Methods One hundred and sixty-eight women with moderate or severe endometriosis after conservative surgery were divided into three groups:mifepristone group(91 cases,mifepristone 10 mg/d,6 months);gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist(GnRH-a) group(46 cases,hypodermically leuprorelin acetate 3.75 mg,once per twenty-eight days for 6 months);control group(31 cases) did not receive any postoperative medical treatment.Patients,symptoms and signs including pelvic pain,and pelvic tenderness were recorded before and after treatment.Side-effects were recorded after treatment.Sex hormone levels were also examined at the same time.Results Pelvic pain and uterine cramping of all patients were relieved;both mifepristone group and GnRH-a treatment group achieved significant relief of pelvic symptoms and signs(89.0% and 89.3%) than that(54.8%) of the control group(P0.05).The cumulative recurrence rates of mifepristone group and GnRH-a group were 6.59% and 6.38% respectively,significantly lower than those(19.3%) of control group(P0.05).there were no significant differences between mifepristone group and GnRH-a group(P0.05).Serum estradiol(E2) level was significantly reduced in both mifepristone and GnRH-a groups,but was maintained at the level of early follicular phase in the group of mifepristone(119.4±16.9)pmol·L-1 and menopause phase level in the group of GnRH-a(58.2±11.6)pmol·L-1.Conclusion Treatment of endometriosis with mifepristone appears to be effective in improving the symptoms and signs without significant effect on blood sex hormone and bone density.

目的:调查农村成年女性尿失禁患病的流行病学情况.方法:对洛阳地区某乡村成年女性采取整层随机抽样进行尿失禁问卷调查,年龄18～88岁.结果:①尿失禁患病率为45.87%,随着年龄的增加而升高,P<0.001.②压力性尿失禁(SUI)、急迫性尿失禁(UUI)和混合性尿失禁(MUI)的患病率分别为32.39%、5.43%、8.46%,其构成比分别为70.62%、11.85%、17.54%,其轻、中、重构成比秩和检验比较P<0.001.③尿失禁患者体重指数(BMI)和非尿失禁者比较P<0.001.结论:农村成年女性尿失禁患病率较高,以压力性尿失禁为主,年龄及体重指数与其患病情况密切相关.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of lower urinry tract symptoms(LUTS), including urgency of micturition,frequency of urination,enuresis,urinary incontinence(UI),etc,in young and adolescent females in Luoyang City,Henan Province.Methods Female students at junior and senior high schools and a university in Luoyang were investigated with anonymous self-administered UI symptom questionnaire by cluster sampling.Results A total of 1800 copies of questionnaire were distributed,and 1739 copies were filled out and returned.Among the students investigated,frequency of urination was found in 105(6.04%),with a prevalence of 1.20% in junior high school students,9.38% in those of senior high school,and 7.60% in those of university,with a statistical significance(P0.01).Overall prevalence of urgency of micturition was 51.2% in the students,53.43%,50.62% and 49.66% in those of junior,senior high schools and university,respectively(P0.05).Overall prevalence of enuresis was 1.50% in the students,2.41%,0.71% and 1.35%,respectively(P0.05).Overall prevalence of UI was 15.93% in the students,20.45% in those of junior high school,10.44% in senior high school and 16.72% in university(P0.01),and 10.18% for stress UI,1.67% for urgent UI and 4.08% for mixed UI(P0.05),accounting for 63.90%,10.47% and 25.63% of the total students with UI.Conclusions Great importance should be attached to the higher prevalence of LUTS in young and adolescent females by gynecologists and urologists.More attention should also be paid to health education on LUTS and medical care for those with LUTS to alleviate and delay occurrence of UI symptoms.

Objective To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in the ectopic and eutopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis and adenomyosis and to explore their roles in the regulatory mechanism of angiogenesis of endometriosis and adenomyosis.Methods The expression of VEGF was detected by using SABC immunohistochemical technique in 16 specimens of ectopic endometrium and 10 specimens of adenomyoma and 20 specimens of eutopic endometrium from the patients with endometriosis and 20 specimens of normal endometrium from women without endometriosis.ResultsVEGF expression positive rate in the ectopic endometrium tissues of endometriosis(EMT,E) was 93.75%(15/16),and there were 8 cases of strong positive expression;Expression positive rate in the adenomyoma tissues(AMS,A) was 80.00%(8/10),and there were 4 cases of strong positive expression;Expression positive rate in the eutopic endometrium tissues of endometriosis(eutopic,e) was 55.00%(11/20),and there were 3 cases of strong positive expression;Expression positive rate in the control endometrium tissues from women without endometriosis(control,C) was 20.00%(4/20),and there was no strong positive expression.Positive expression rate in EMT+ AMS was significantly higher than in eutopic(P<0.01),that in EMT+AMS was significantly higher than in control(P<0.01),and that in eutopic was higher than in control(P<0.05).Strong positive expression rate in EMT+AMS was higher than in eutopic(P<0.05) and that in EMT+AMS was significantly higher than in control(P<0.01).Conclusion The abnormal expression of VEGF in the ectopic endometrium and adenomyoma and eutopic endometrium might be related to the occurrence and development of EMT and AMS.

为减轻人工流产患者的痛苦,又安全手术,我院2005年1～12月采用宫术安栓和润滑止痛胶联合应用,在人工流产术中扩张宫颈、减轻痛苦及减少人流综合征的发生取得良好效果.

对我院1990年至今收治的宫颈妊娠误诊4例分析如下. 1 病历摘要 例1:32岁,孕3产1.末次月经1990-02-07,于1990-03-09出现阴道少量出血,2 d后出血明显增多,并有肉样组织排出,曾在外院诊为子宫内膜癌住院治疗,后因阴道出血不止于1990-03-17转入我院.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of youngsters female urinary incontinence(UI)in Luoyang and its influence to the quality of life.Methods:An anonymous UI symptoms questionnaire and cluster random sam- pling method were used in this study.Self-completed questionnaires were distributed to the female students in pri- mary middle school,senior middle school and university of luoyang.Results:A total of 1800 questionnaires were is- sued,with 1776 retune,retune rate was 98.67%,and 1739 people completed questionnaires.In primary middle school,senior middle school and university,The prevalence of UI was 20.45%、10.44%、16.72%respectively. The total incidence of UI was 15.93%,of which,SUI,UUI,MUI were 10.18%,1.67%,4.08%,respectively. The form proportion was 63.90%,10.47%,25.63%.UI was found to relate with age and weight index from total investigation.UI was regarded as a natural phenomena in 46.05% subjects and 33.55% of them not know how to deal with it.UI causes distress in 8.55%.Only 5.26% of them plane to seek medical help,91.81% of them have no desire of seeking treatment.Conclusions:The prevalence of youngsters female UI in luoyang was 15.93%.This confirmed the high prevalence of youngsters female UI as previous studies did and suggested that more attention should be paid to this problem.