基于生物酶的专一性、高效性和环境友好性,生物技术在制浆造纸工业已有一些成熟应用,并取得了良好的经济和环境生态效益.本文介绍了纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、木素降解酶、果胶酶等生物酶在生物制浆、生物漂白、酶促磨浆/打浆、酶法脱墨、纤维酶法改性、生物法树脂障碍控制、生物法处理制浆废水等制浆造纸各单元中的应用和研究进展.

湖北某工业园区污水处理厂接纳的来水主要为某造纸工业中水回用系统超滤及反渗透膜系统外排的浓缩水,膜浓缩水含盐量高,会抑制微生物的活性,导致污水的可生化性差,处理难度大.针对膜浓缩水的特殊性,污水处理工艺针对性地采用臭氧氧化-硝化及反硝化滤池-曝气生物滤池-芬顿氧化-活性炭吸附工艺,臭氧-曝气生物滤池用于去除来水中的色度、COD及其他有机污染物,硝化反硝化滤池用于脱氮,芬顿氧化用于进一步去除COD及TP,活性炭吸附工艺用于最后的出水水质保障.项目建成运行两年以来,出水水质稳定达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)一级A标准,实现了膜系统浓缩水的达标排放处理.

介绍了臭氧的来源、特性及漂白机理,概括了影响臭氧漂白效果的主要因素,重点评述了臭氧漂白技术的发展历程、国内外研究进展及其在山东晨鸣纸业集团股份有限公司的最新应用;最后总结了臭氧漂白技术在制浆造纸领域的发展状况.

Lignin isolated from native Pennisetum sinese Roxb. (P. sinese) and black liquor from kraft and soda-AQ pulping processes were characterized and compared by the analysis of alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation/HPLC, FT-IR, P-31-NMR and 2D-HSQC NMR. The purpose was to distinguish lignins' structural differences and explore the mechanisms in the pulping process. Major functional groups and lignin linkages (beta-O-4', beta-beta', beta-5' etc.) were identified, and the structure of P. sinese lignin was described as a typical GSH-type lignin. Enzymatic mild acidolysis lignin (EMAL) contained a predominant proportion of syringyl units and guaiacyl units (syringyl/guaiacyl ratio of 1.2-1.4), along with a large amount of associated p-coumarates and ferulates. Soda-AQL and KL showed a significant decrease in beta-O-4' linkages, while beta-beta' and beta-5' linkages appeared to be especially resistant during the pulping process. In addition, an obvious decrease in aliphatic hydroxyl and a significant increase in total phenolic hydroxyl were noted after kraft and soda-AQ pulping.

The morphologiy of fibers,chemical components,lignin structure and the lignin distribution in cell wall of Pennisetumsinese were analyzed.Fiber Quality Analyzer (FQA) analysis showed that average fiber length was 0.96mm and the width was 23.1 μm,fiber lengthwidth ratio reached to 41.1.Alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation quantitative analysis revealed that Pennisetumsinese lignin was typical GSH-type.It was found that the highest content of hydroxyl groups was aliphatic OH (3.96 mmol/g),and non-condensed phenolic hydroxyl accounted for a large proportion content of the total phenolic hydroxyl (96.3％).In addition,2D-HSQC NMR analysis indicated that the alkyl aryl ether linkages was predominant (β-O-4',84.4％ of total linkages),followed by resinols (β-β',9.9％) and phenylcomumarans (β-5'5.7％).Moreover,aromatic regions showed large quantity of S-type and G-type lignin,and the S/G ratio was 1.25.Confocal Raman microscopy (CRM) indicated that the concentrations of lignin and hydroxycinnamic acid (HCA) in the cell walls followed the decreasing order,as CC ＞ CML ＞ SW,but the concentration of HCA waslowerthan that of lignin.

High yield pulp is developing rapidly in China and its quality is deeply affected by inferior fiber materials. Pulp can be purified by using physical, chemical and biological methods, and its properties were improved. So the field of application of the improved pulp was expanded. The improved pulp can be used to make fine papers at appropriate proportion, and cost of fine paper decreased.

目前生产印刷纸的纸机,设计车速高达1800m/min,这些高速纸机干燥部的主要要求是高效益和高蒸发率,使生产印刷纸的能量消耗降到最低.Top DuoRun以其传统的烘缸组合和DuoStabilizers稳定器满足了所有这些要求.福伊特苏尔寿开发的Top DuoRun干燥部.如图1所示.