基于生物酶的专一性、高效性和环境友好性,生物技术在制浆造纸工业已有一些成熟应用,并取得了良好的经济和环境生态效益.本文介绍了纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、木素降解酶、果胶酶等生物酶在生物制浆、生物漂白、酶促磨浆/打浆、酶法脱墨、纤维酶法改性、生物法树脂障碍控制、生物法处理制浆废水等制浆造纸各单元中的应用和研究进展.

本研究使用多种胆碱类低共熔溶剂(DES)选择性分离杨木中的木质素,探究了不同氢键供体及其含量对木质素分离效果的影响.结果表明,氯化胆碱-乳酸(ChCl-Lac)在摩尔比1:10配比下木质素分离效果最佳,综纤维素得率为46.26％,木质素提取率为84.38％,木质素纯度为89.82％.经过改性后新型DES乳酸胆碱-乳酸(ChLac-Lac)(摩尔比1:10)分离效果更佳,综纤维素得率为48.16％,木质素提取率为90.13％,木质素纯度为90.29％.与磨木木质素相比,ChCl-Lac和ChLac-Lac提取的木质素具有纯度高、杂质少、热稳定性好、相对分子质量低、分布窄的特性.

we studied on the pulping properties of Salix Psammophila in different P-RC APMP pulping process at the same Chemicals dosage. Form the results we can see, compare with the One-stage P-RC APMP, the brightness, breaking length and bursting index of the Two-stage Salix Psammophila P-RC APMP were respectively improved by 8.34%ISO, 45.50% and 24.83%; the surface of fibre of the Salix Psammophila Two-stage P-RC APMP were more roughly and broken; the degree of the crystallinity of the cellulose of the two-stage P-RC APMP is improved by 3.57%; the content of the lignin of Two-stage Salix Psammophila P-RC APMP was reduced 7.01%.

The effect of enzyme pretreatment on the properties of Salix Psammophila P-RC APMP was studied. The effects on optical properties of the pulp from pretreated Salix Psammophila by xylanase, laccase medium and laccase/xylanase were all different, the breaking length of the pulp reduced by 9.5%, 0.8% and 6.7%, and the bursting index reduced by 11.0%, 4.1% and 13.8%, the tearing index improved by 8.3%, 8.0% and 1.3% respectively compared with the pulp from unpretreated new material. X-ray diffractometer analysis indicated that the crystallinity of the cellulose reduced after enzyme pretreatment.

Effect of different P-RC APMP pulping processes with the same chemicals dosage on the structure of lignin of Salix Psammophila was studied.Compared with the total content of lignin of the raw material,the total content of lignin of one step preimpregnation P-RC APMP reduced 8.3%,the total content of lignin of two steps preimpregnation P-RC APMP dropped 14.3%.The contents of aliphatic hydroxyl of the lignin in one step preimpregnation and two steps preimpregnation P-RC APMP were basically unchanged,the total content of phenolic hydroxyl reduced by 44.2% and 47.1% respectively.The number-average molecular weight and the weight-average molecular weight of the lignin declined in the order of the raw material,one step preimpregnation P-RC APMP and two steps preimpregnation P-RC APMP.

The factors affecting the properties of the salix psammophila P-RC APMP were studied and suitable pulping conditions for salix P-RC APMP were presented in this paper from the point of a high brightness,optical properties,and pulp strength.The pretreatment conditions of salix P-RC APMP were as follows:NaOH charge 8%,H2O2 charge 10%,pretreating temperature 60℃,holding time 40min,liquid ratio 1:4.At this time the brightness and pulp strength were the best,the pulping yield was higher.The pulping yield is 73.78%,brightness 74.16%ISO,opacity 86.25%,light scattering coefficient 42.84 m2/kg,breaking length 3.62 km,tearing index 3.30 mN?m2/g,burst index 1.42 kPa?m2/g.

This paper mainly introduces growth of salix psammophile characteristics, chemical composition and fiber morphology, and expounds the comprehensive utilization of salix in pulp and paper, barren biomass fuel, chemical raw materials and chipboard.

本文综述了高得率浆的特性、应用和漂白特点;对高得率浆传统的H2O2漂白进行了总结,重点介绍了几种改进的H2O2漂白新技术和高得率浆漂白新方法,并对其发展前景进行了展望.