通过生态环境需水量相关概念的探讨,认为城市生态系统中的生态环境需水量应包括城市生活需水量、城市工业需水量、城市环境需水量3部分。根据城市发展情况,以2000年为基准年计算得到合肥市2010年城市生态环境需水量为5.56亿m3,而2000年该市生态环境需水量为2.98亿m3。2000~2010年合肥市非农人口比重由32.64%增长到48.93%,结果显示,城市化的发展与城市生态环境需水量的增加成正比。结合合肥市发展规划,探讨了未来城市需水的来源,认为今后城市用水来源为董铺水库、大房郢水库及巢湖水资源。巢湖水环境的治理应给予重视。
城市生态环境是城市可持续发展的基础,城市生态环境质量的评价是一项重要的研究。本文分别从国外和国内就评价对象、评价指标、评价方法等方面评述了生态环境质量评价的研究成果。总结了生态环境评价的几个特点,指出GIS与RS相结合的方法成为生态环境评价研究的趋势。
Based on the spatial database of land use of Suzhou in 1985 and 2000, fractal dimensions (D) and stability indexes (S) as well as average D and S were calculated for cropland, woodland, grassland, water area, industrial and residential land, unused land with the fractal model.Dynamic changes in land use in Suzhou in the past 15 years were analyzed.Results indicated that the distribution of different types of land use in Suzhou City demonstrates fractal properties.From 1985 to 2000, woodland, grassland, industrial and residential land tended to be more inerratic and stable, whereas cropland and water area more complex and unstable. Unused land remained unchanged. During this period, the land use structure of Suzhou was unsteady, and its form became more complex.
