复合相变保温砂浆可作为内保温砂浆与日光温室墙体组成复合相变保温墙体,为温室生产提供热能.通过对日光温室相变墙体相变传热过程的数值模拟研究,可较好地掌握其蓄放热特性,为日光温室应用复合相变材料提供理论支持.该文利用ANSYS有限元分析软件模拟研究日光温室复合相变保温墙体的传热过程,数值模拟结果表明:50 mm复合相变保温砂浆与490 mm砖墙组成的复合相变保温墙体和30 mm复合相变保温砂浆与240 mm加气混凝土砌块墙组成的复合相变保温墙体都具有较强的蓄放热能力,两者的持续蓄热时间均为8h,持续放热时间分别为16和13h,这2种复合相变保温墙体均适合于冬季温室生产.

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The adsorption properties of isolated H2O molecule on stoichiometric and reduced ceria(111) surfaces are theoretically investigated by first-principles calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the most stable adsorption configurations form two hydrogen bonds between the adsorbate and substrate. The water molecule is very inert on the stoichiometric surface unless up to a high temperature of 600 K. For the reduced surface, we find that the oxygen vacancy enhances the interaction. Moreover, simulations at low temperature of 100 K confirm that it is facilitated for water to dissociate into H and OH species.

为了确定覆膜对玉米根系分布和产量的影响,在山西晋中进行了旱作模式与覆膜模式的对比试验.结果表明,根长的分布,覆膜玉米总根长>对照,在根系径级的分布中细根长覆膜玉米>对照,而粗根长覆膜玉米<对照,在0～40cm深度土层的垂直分布,浅层根长和根干重,覆膜玉米>对照,而深层覆膜玉米<对照;覆膜产量略低于对照.得出结论在山西晋中玉米覆膜可增加根系的生长,但增产效果不理想,建议在生根生长前去除薄膜覆盖.

为明确灌水定额对覆膜滴灌大田春玉米根系空间分布和籽粒产量的影响,在山西太谷进行了2年的覆膜滴灌大田玉米随机区组实验,设置灌水定额处理分别为0,8,12,16和20 mm,研究不同灌水定额对其0～100 cm土层深度的根系分布特征参数和籽粒产量的影响.结果表明:整体根系分布特征参数随灌水定额增大而增大,并在灌水20 mm时达到最大,其中对根长、根表面积、根尖数和根干质量的影响极显著,对根体积和根直径的影响显著;0 ～ 100 cm土层中根长的垂直分布呈现“介”型,其中10 ～ 20 cm土层的根长最大,2016年和2017年分别占总根长的47.29％～60.28％和48.29％ ～ 62.30％;根干质量分布为“T”型,0～20 cm土层内根干质量最重,2016年和2017年分别占总根干质量的72.03％～85.48％和71.50％～84.97％;籽粒产量随灌水定额增大而增大,但灌水16 mm和20 mm处理无明显差异.总之,覆膜滴灌措施明显促进玉米表层土壤的根系生长和提高了籽粒产量,推荐山西中部地区大田覆膜滴灌玉米的最佳灌水定额为16 mm.

为解决温室病虫害问题,实现温室作物富碳生产,构建了一种全封闭的日光温室.由于温室的密闭性,室内空气流通速度慢,温室温度易升高,不利于室内作物的生长.因此,该全封闭温室通过添加纳米氧化锡锑透光隔热涂料和高压喷淋降温装置形成室内降温系统,并分析了该系统作用于全封闭日光温室的降温效果.结果表明:在夏季室内温度高于35℃时,通过涂料涂膜和喷淋降温,温室室温可以降低到适宜作物生长的30℃以下;在冬季时,当射入温室的太阳辐射强度大于461W/m2,温室温度才能达到30℃以上,此时只使用喷淋降温即可降低温度.该系统在降温的同时实现了室内水分的循环利用,促进了温室作物的生长,对封闭式日光温室降温技术的实现有一定的实践意义.

In order to improve the thermal environment of crop growth in solar greenhouse, a kind of gypsum-based paraffin/expanded perlite composite phase change energy storage thermal insulation mortar was studied in this paper. The composite phase change energy storage thermal insulation mortar was composed of complex shaped phase change particles, desulfurization gypsum, admixture and other components, and the reasonable formula and the production process of it were determined by experiments. The composite phase change energy storage thermal insulation mortar with reasonable formula had a suitable phase transition temperature of 25.6℃ and a higher phase change latent heat of 89.8 kJ/kg. The 50 mm composite phase change thermal insulation mortar was used in the back wall of the brick wall solar greenhouse as the experimental greenhouse. The original brick wall solar greenhouse without phase change material was used as the comparative greenhouse. The comparison test of these 2 greenhouses showed that: From December 10, 2015 to February 18, 2016, the minimum daily temperature of the experimental greenhouse was 1.5℃ higher than that of the comparative greenhouse on the average, and the difference reached 2.4℃ at the most. On overcast day, the heat preservation quilt was closed, and the indoor temperature of the experimental greenhouse was 1.6℃ higher than that of the comparative greenhouse. On sunny day, the indoor maximum temperature of the experimental greenhouse and the comparative greenhouse was 28.9 and 30.6℃, respectively, and there was 1.7℃ difference between the two greehouses. The indoor maximum temperature difference of the experimental greenhouse and the comparative greenhouse was 21.3 and 24.4℃, respectively, and the former was 3.1℃ lower than the latter. During the night (from 17:00 to 08:00 in the next day), the average indoor temperature of the experimental greenhouse was 2.7℃ higher than that of the comparative greenhouse. On cloudy day, the indoor maximum temperature of the experimental greenhouse was 1.4℃ lower than that of the comparative greenhouse; the indoor maximum temperature difference of the experimental greenhouse and the comparative greenhouse was 20.4 and 23.9℃, respectively, and the former was 3.5℃ lower than the latter. During the night (from 17:00 to 8:00 in the next day), the average indoor temperature of the experimental greenhouse was 2.3℃ higherthan that of the comparative greenhouse. Under the same cultivation and management conditions, in the vigorous growth period and fruit-bearing stage, the height of cucumber plants in the experimental greenhouse was 17.1 and 24.6 cm higher than that of the comparative greenhouse. The single-fruit quality of the cucumber in the experimental greenhouse was 1.4 times that of the comparative greenhouse, the number of fruits per plant in the experimental greenhouse was 1.3 times that of the comparative greenhouse, and the output of per plant in the experimental greenhouse was 1.8 times that of the comparative greenhouse. The test results show that, the composite phase change energy storage thermal insulation mortar has a good heat preservation and storage and release effect, and has an obvious improvement effect on the thermal environment in solar greenhouse. The thermal environment in the experimental greenhouse is more suitable for the growth of cucumber.

With the continuous development of new energy power generation industries in China, the enterprises and the society have put forward higher requirements for the talents majoring in agricultural electrification and automation. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the structural adjustment of agricultural electrification and automation in the context of new energy. In this paper, combined with the pragmatism education thought, by constructing the structural equation model, the structural adjustment of agricultural electrification and automation specialty under the background of new energy was analyzed and studied. The author thinks that the education department of our country should realize the structure optimization of agricultural electrification and automation by adjusting the curriculum system and increasing the practice teaching link.

我国的设施农业正在向智能化、现代化的方向发展，精准化的环境因子控制对自动气象站提出了强烈的需求，通过对目前国内外自动气象站在设施农业领域的应用现状的阐述，指出了实际应用中存在的问题，并对自动气象站的未来发展前景进行了展望。

Light is the major source of energy for the sunlight greenhouse .Different azimuth of sunlight greenhouse have different effects on crops in greenhouse with light income .It can directly stimulate the growth of crops in greenhouse by determining the correct towards of greenhouse according to the climate and geographical conditions in different areas .Azi-muth of greenhouse has a direct impact on greenhouse crop growth .This paper designs an experiments .It shows the influ-ence of light on plant growth by observation test on two groups of Shanxi Agricultural University .It indirectly validates that greenhouse azimuth by west has a promoting on plant growth in the northern high latitudes .

Based on the research and application of intelligent control technology for modern greenhouse environment, this paper summarizes the present situation of intelligent control system for greenhouse environment at home and abroad. And it mainly introduces four typical environment control systems of modern greenhouse in our country and points out the existing problems and difficulties.This paper made the prospect of application of intelligent control system of the greenhouse environment.

This paper introduces the two operators αβ and four operations between matrices necessary to operate the αβ memo-ries.Second it presents the four operations between matrices necessary to operate the αβ memories.MuItiIayer αβ associa-tive memory is reIativeIy easy compared to the morphoIogicaI associative memory in the numericaI caIcuIations.FinaI y,though an exampIe of numericaI simuIation,MuItiIayer αβ associative memory show a good performance.

在智能变电站监测系统的建设中，在线监测系统把各种监测设备联系到一起，在电网的安全建设与正常运行中起着重要作用。文章主要对电网的智能监测系统进行了介绍，通过对变电所的前端信号采集与处理系统，网络传输系统和监控中心系统等三部分的设计，把系统从信号采集与处理经由信号传输到最后的监测与控制进行了介绍，阐明了智能变电站的工作方式。最后对在线监测系统与周围环境之间的相容性进行了介绍，保证了智能变电站在线监测系统的正常运行。

Combining the associative memory W robust in recalling patterns that are distorted due to erosive changes and the associative memory M robust in recalling patterns that are distorted due to dilative changes , this paper researches and improves the dual kernel , The dual kernel can be put together with the kernel to learn from other ’ s strong points to offset ones ’ own weakness and to make the effect of hetero -associative memories and pattern recognition better .In this paper , the necessary conditions of the dual kernel need to be meeting have been defined clearly, its properties have been researched , and a way to accelerate the search for dual kernel has been found . The dual kernel concept has been further extended in the scale space and its range of application expanded then its usability enhanced .Through simulation experiments of the character and true -color images , the dual kernel has a good performance of tolerating random noises .

番茄采摘机械手是具有模仿人手采摘果实功能，完成采摘作业的自动化设备，在农业生产中具有广阔的应用前景。本文主要设计了由曲柄滑块机构驱动的机械手臂与滑块摇杆机构驱动机械手实现采摘动作，并对机械手臂的曲柄滑块机构进行MATLAB/SIMULINK运动学分析，为番茄采摘机械手的机构设计与工作性能评价提供理论依据。

蠕变是岩石的一个重要力学特性,其变化特性影响着岩石工程结构长期的安全稳定性.为了研究钙芒硝的蠕变规律,在西原模型中引进一个随时间变化的粘性系数,建立了钙芒硝单轴、三轴蠕变模型.为了验证模型的准确性,进行了大量的蠕变试验,分析了载荷大小对蠕变三个阶段所经历时间的影响.利用Origin软件的自定义函数,结合单轴、三轴蠕变试验,拟合得出所建模型中的各个参数.拟合结果表明,所建蠕变模型能够较好的描述钙芒硝的单轴、三轴蠕变特性,且其单轴长期强度小于三轴长期强度.

在我国电动自行车的事故比率在非机动车辆中一直居高不下,为改善驾驶者在行车时与行人车辆碰撞的情况,本设计基于单片机STC89C52控制的原理,提出独立于电动车并应用于电动车的技术,在其行驶状态下检测前方障碍物并自动断电。本设计能减低电动车事故的发生率,增强电动车驾驶的安全性。

Study on the heat transfer characteristics of the greenhouse cover material impact on the greenhouse production.In this paper,a thermal environment model of covering layer of multi-span plastic greenhouse has established,and it was solved by used with the MATLAB software and the Runge-Kutta method.The focus of research was the impact of the light transmittance of cover material on the model,and different transmission rates were 0.8,0.75 and 0.7.The results showed that: with the decline of covering material transmission rates,covering layer simulated temperature decreased significantly,and the accuracy of simulated temperature also felled.When the transmission rate dropped to 0.7 below,the cover material would seriously affected the role of solar radiation.This study used the transmission rate of 0.7 as a critical value for covering layer.It can be used to guide the greenhouse production practice.

The adsorption and diffusion of Pb(II) atom on the hydroxylated (001) surface of kaolinite were investigated using density-functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation and a supercell approach. The coverage dependence of the adsorption structures and energetics was systematically studied for a wide range of coverage Θ [from 0.11 to 1.0 monolayers (ML)] and adsorption sites. The most stable among all possible adsorption sites was the two-fold bridge site followed by the one-fold top site, and the adsorption energy increased with the coverage, thus indicating the higher stability of surface adsorption and a tendency to the formation of Pb(II) islands (clusters) with increasing coverage. Moreover, the energy barrier for diffusion of Pb(II) atom between the one-fold top and the two-fold bridge adsorption sites on kaolinite(001) surface was 0.23 (0.31) eV, implying that the Pb(II) atom is prone to diffusing on kaolinite(001) surface. The other properties of the Pb(II)/kaolinite(001) system including the different charge distribution, the lattice relaxation, and the electronic density of states were also studied and discussed in detail.

General speaking, the heteroassociative morphological memory (HMM) is incomplete, namely, it cannot give a guarantee of perfect recall memory, even though without any input noises. The paper focuses on the problem and proposes a new method to improve performance of heteroassociative morphological memories. This method can realize the perfect recall of HMMs for perfect inputs or within a certain range of noises. An example is provided to illustrate the proposed method and its performance.