以番茄为试材,采用水培方式,研究在营养液中加入不同比例海水对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响.试验结果表明,随着加入海水比例的提高,番茄株高、茎粗、叶片数均受到一定的抑制;光合速率、叶绿素含量呈下降趋势;同时,渗透调节物质含量、抗氧化酶活性及Ca2+、Mg2+量也发生不同的变化.综合考量,当营养液中海水比例小于15％时,番茄生长受抑制的程度较小,仍可以正常地生长;当海水比例大于20％时,番茄生长受到抑制的程度较大,不适宜番茄生长.

通过总结近年来国内外番茄耐盐性的研究进展,阐明番茄耐盐性生理生化及分子机理,为今后番茄耐盐品种的选育及在盐碱地种植番茄提供参考.

为了筛选出适宜早春日光温室套作栽培的黄瓜品种,以津春2号、津瑞216、翠龙和白黄瓜为试材,套作栽培丝瓜.试验设黄瓜套种单行丝瓜和黄瓜单作两种栽培方式.结果表明,在套作栽培丝瓜条件下,4个黄瓜品种的生长、产量和发病情况差异显著.其中华北型黄瓜要显著好于华南型黄瓜,以津春2号黄瓜的产量高,效益好,抗病性较强,土地当量比最高;通过隶属函数法综合分析来看,在套作丝瓜栽培中,华北型黄瓜总的隶属函数值明显高于华南型黄瓜,其中以津春2号总的隶属函数值最大.因此,在本试验条件下,津春2号最适合进行套作栽培.

[Objective]The effects of chicken manure fermented extract on the tomato growth and control efficiency of root knot nematode were studied to provide reference for scientific use of chicken manure to control root knot nema-tode.[Method]Eight diluted multiples(5,10,25,50,100,300,500 and 1000 times)of chicken manure fermented ex-tract were used. Clear water was taken as control. Their effects on growth of tomato plants and the control efficiency of root knot nematode were studied by irrigation of the potted tomatoes inoculated with root knot nematodes. The second in-star root knot nematode and root knot nematode eggs were cultured indoor to study the effects of different dilutions of chicken manure fermented extract on lethality of root knot nematode and hatching of its eggs.[Result]The pot experiment results showed that 50,100 and 300 times of chicken manure fermented liquid could promote the growth of tomato plants at early stage. High concentration(diluted 5,10 and 25 times)of chicken manure fermented liquid could enhance the growth of plants at late stage and decrease incidence of root knot nematode with the highest control efficiency of 72.7%. The culture experiment results showed that high concentration(diluted 5,10 and 25 times)of chicken manure fermented diluent could significantly reduce the hatchability of root knot nematode eggs with inhibition rate of 70.0%. Above all,5 and 10 times dilution of chicken manure fermented extract caused obvious lethality to root knot nematodes,with a lethal effect of 100.0% 24 h after treatment.[Conclusion]5-10 times of chicken manure fermented diluent can promote the growth of the tomato plant,plays an important role in inhibiting the hatching of the eggs and killing the second instar juve-nile and reduce the incidence of root knot nematode. It is a simple and safe method to prevent and control root knot nema-tode disease.

以圣帝芹菜品种为材料,研究水培条件下加入不同比例海水对芹菜生长和品质的影响.结果表明,营养液海水浓度不超过20％时对芹菜生长势和光合速率影响不大,与对照差异不显著,10％和20％海水浓度下芹菜单株产量可达到对照的71.5％和70.3％;海水浓度30％以上能明显抑制芹菜的生长,并且随海水浓度和处理时间增加,受抑制程度增加,但芹菜根系生长比地上部受抑制的程度轻;30％海水浓度胁迫下对芹菜气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率等影响作用不大,均和对照差异不显著.品质分析表明,芹菜可溶性固形物含量随海水浓度的增加而明显升高,亚硝酸盐含量则呈现先升后降的变化,维生素C和叶绿素含量呈先降后升的变化,综合来看,当加入海水比例不超过20％时,芹菜产量虽有下降,但品质却有显著的提高,产品价值得到提升,以上研究结果对在盐碱地和沿海滩涂地区发展海水芹菜产业具有一定的指导意义.

以嫁接番茄品种金鹏951、好丽、天意为供试材料,进行了日光温室早春茬嫁接番茄品种比较研究.结果表明:3个嫁接番茄品种果实成熟时均无青肩,果色为粉红色,果实形状为扁圆形或圆形;其中,好丽平均单果重最大,果形比较整齐、一致,营养品质优良,维生素C含量极显著高于其他2个品种,果肉较硬,丰产性好;金棚951的早熟性较好,与好丽和天意相比果实硬度大,可溶性固形物含量高,具有货架期长、耐贮运的特点;天意品种的抗病毒病能力较差,产量受其影响较大,不适合保护地早春茬栽培.综合来看,金鹏951和好丽表现较好,产量较高、品质较好,适宜作为日光温室早春嫁接番茄品种.

本研究利用生物信息学方法对大白菜的漆酶(p-diphenol oxadise or laccase,LAC)基因家族成员、染色体定位、基因结构、进化树、氨基酸序列及同源表达情况进行了相关分析.结果显示,15个大白菜漆酶基因(BrLAC)家族成员分布于7条染色体上,部分基因存在串联复制现象;基因结构分析显示,该家族基因含2～6个内含子;亚细胞定位及跨膜结构分析表明,BrLAC无跨膜区或仅有一个很短的跨膜区域,主要定位于细胞外及周质;氨基酸序列分析结果表明BrLAC氨基酸序列均含有漆酶的3个典型保守结构域,4个铜离子结合位点;通过与拟南芥LAC进行系统发生分析,将其分为6个亚族;同源分析LAC在不同组织中的表达情况表明LAC在根系和果荚中的表达量较高,在花及叶片中的表达量较低.大白菜漆酶可能代替多酚氧化酶直接参与酶促褐变,值得深入研究.

[Objective]To research the effects of bag cultivation mode on the growth and photosynthetic traits of facility tomatoes.[Method] With tomato cultivar Yanfen 207 as the test materials and soil cultivation as the control,we researched the effects of matrix bag mode on tomato photosynthetic characteristics.[Result]Under the bag cultivation mode,the photosynthetic rate was significantly higher than the soil cultiva-tion.The mature stage of tomato was advanced,the yield in early stage enhanced by 45.7%and the quality was improved significantly.Under the bag cultivation mode, the plant height, stem width and leaf number of tomato were all lower than those of soil cultivation.[Conclusion] This research provided theoretical guidance and technical support for tomato production in severely damaged soils and saline-alkali land.

In order to study the fertilizer effect of collagen peptide, which was developed by the enzyme hydrolysis of the leather, the study was conducted by applying the leaf surface fertilizer and investigating the seedling stage characters, cucumber yield and the disease resistance of cucumber. The results showed that the best application method is spraying 50 times collagen peptide foliar fertilizer in seedling stage and spraying 100 times collagen peptide foliar fertilizer in fruit stage. Compared with the common using foliar fertilizer, by using collagen peptide foliar fertilizer can not only promote cucumber seedling quality, but also increase the early yield and total yield of cucumber.

以嫁接番茄品种烟粉207为供试材料,研究了基质袋培、基质槽式栽培、土壤栽培3种栽培形式对嫁接番茄生长及果实品质的影响.试验结果表明,基质槽式栽培的嫁接番茄总产量比土壤栽培的增加了25.8％,前期产量增加了150.0％;基质袋培嫁接番茄总产量比土壤栽培减少4.6％,但前期产量增加了214.8％.2种基质栽培处理的嫁接番茄的株高、茎粗、叶片数等生长指标均低于土壤栽培,但果实硬度、VC含量、可溶性固形物含量等指标明显高于土壤栽培,显著提高了番茄的品质;二者光合速率无显著差异,均显著低于基质袋培形式.

[Objective] To study the effects of tanning waste hydrolysate on spinach growth and quality. [ Method] With spinach Xianfeng 388 as test material, the effects of different content tanning waste hydrolysate on morphological characters, yield and quality of spinach were evalu-ated. [Result] The best application amount of tanning waste hydrolysate was 6. 00 kg/m2. The soluble sugar and vitamin C in spinach signifi-cantly increased by using the tanning waste hydrolysate. There was no significant difference in morphological characters and yield compared with the same type organic fertilizer. [ Conclusion] While guaranteeing the yield of spinach, application of tanning waste hydrolysate can im-prove the quality of spinach.

'Yanfen 207'is a new tomato F1 hybrid developed by crossing'P91-1-26-6-5-1-9'as female parent and'NF19-9-5-15-6-3'as male parent.The variety belongs to unlimited growth type.The first flower sets at the 6th node,and the inflorescence interval is 2 or 3 leaves.The plant growth vigor is medium.The fruit is pink color,round shape,no green fruit shoulder,good hardness,high soluble solid content,long shelf-life.The index of fruit shape is 0.85.The average single fruit weight is 200 g.The total yield is about 97.5 t · hm-2.It is suitable for protected cultivation in Beijng,Hebei,Henan,Shandong,Shaanxi,Inner Mongolia,Sichuan,and Jiangsu,etc.,in early spring.

‘Yanfan 9’is a new tomato F 1 hybrid developed by crossing XM-2-10-16-3-5-9 as female parent and EL-10-4-8-5-13 as male parent. It is resistant to tomato virus disease and leaf mold. The fruit is round shape,red color,hard and durable for storage and transportation. The average fruit weight is about 200 g. It have a high yield and reach to 10.3 t · hm -2 . It is suitable for protected cultivation in China and open field cultivation in Moscow,Rostov,and Vladivostock of Russia.