B c l-2及P53基因可以调控细胞凋亡。我们应用B c l-2及P53基因产物单克隆抗体，标记53例甲状腺腺瘤及41例甲状腺癌。结果发现，甲状腺癌和部分甲状腺腺瘤有B c l-2及P53基因产物表达。阳性产物分别定位于肿瘤细胞浆和细胞核。在甲状腺癌，二种基因产物阳性表达率在恶性度较高的未分化癌和滤泡癌或临床TNM分期I I、IV期的病例增高显著。提示Bcl-2及突变型P53基因产物与甲状腺肿瘤的发生、发展及预后有关。

重复癌即多原发性恶性肿瘤（multiple primary carcinoma，MPC）是指在同一患者同时或先后发生两种以上互不相连的原发性恶性肿瘤。目前，本病诊断标准为：①每个肿瘤均为恶性；②每个肿瘤有各自的病理形态；③彼此排除互为转移的可能。MPC有同时和不同时之分，大多数文献认为不同原发性癌瘤发生时间相距在6个月以内者称同时性重复癌，6个月以上者为异时性重复癌。胃和食管是恶性肿瘤好发部位。

目的：通过本探讨做到早期诊断，发现临床没有发现的疾病，提供临床对疾病愈后的估计材料，避免误诊。方法送检标本时，仔细认真填写申请单，临床与病理共同协作。

术中病理诊断以冷冻切片应用较为广泛,而细胞印片也因其简便、快捷广为应用.本文通过对160例乳腺包块采用术中细胞印片进行快速诊断,探讨印片法的临床意义.

目的探讨骨纤维结构不良的临床病理特点。方法观察分析5例骨纤维结构不良临床特征及组织学改变。结果5例成骨纤维结构不良女性4例,长骨多发。结论骨纤维结构不良多行局部刮除,预后良好。

目的探讨成人型肺母细胞瘤的临床病理特点。方法观察分析8例成人型肺母细胞瘤的组织学改变及免疫组织化学特征。结果8例成人型肺母细胞瘤中双相性7例、上皮性1例,平均生存率10.2个月。结论成人型肺母细胞瘤恶性程度高,术后生存率低。

Objective To explore the expressions and relationships of Ki67,p53 and P-glycoprotein(P-gp)in lung squamous cell carcino-mas and adenocarcinomas.Methods The expressions of Ki67,p53 and P-gp were examined in 112 cases of lung squamous cell carcino-mas and adenocarcinomas using immunohistochemistry.Results The positive expression rate of Ki67,p53 or P-gp was 40.2%(45/112),49.1%(55/112)or 37.5%(42/112)respectively.The expression of Ki67 or p53 was negatively associated with the differentiation of lung cancer respectively(P < 0.05).The expressions of Ki67 and p53 were correlated with each other(r = 0.191,P = 0.043),and the concur-rent expression of them was the important factor of poor differentiation of lung cancer.The expression of P-gp was positively correlated with the lymph node metastasis(r = 0.240,P = 0.011).Conclusion The expression of Ki67 or p53 was negatively associated with the differen-tiation of lung cancer respectively.The expression of P-gp was positively correlated with the lymph node metastasis.The concurrent expression of Ki67 and p53 may be an important factor promoting the development of lung cancer.

Objective To explore the expressions and correlations of survivin,Ki67 and p53 in lung squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas.Methods The expressions of survivin,Ki67 and p53 were examined in 112 cases of lung squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas using immunohistochemical S-P method.Results The positive expression rate of survivin,Ki67 or p53 was 59.8%(67/112),46.4%(52/112)or 51.8%(58/112)respectively.The expression of survivin were positively associated with the poor differentiation(P=0.009)and lymph node metastasis(P=0.014)respectively.The expression of Ki67 or p53 was associated with the poor differentiation of lung cancer respectively(P<0.05).The expressions of survivin,Ki67 and p53 were correlated with each other(P<0.01),Conclusion The expression of survivin is positively associated with the poor differentiation and lymph node metastasis respectively.The expression of Ki67 or p53 was positively associated with the poor differentiation of lung cancer respectively.The concurrent expression of survivin,Ki67 and p53 may be an important factor promoting the development of lung cancer.

端粒酶是合成端粒酶重复序列的反转录DNA合成酶,大量研究表明,端粒酶对良恶性肿瘤的诊断具有重要价值,本文对45例胸水进行端粒酶活性检测,初步探讨端粒酶对良恶性胸水鉴别的意义.