Objective:To introduce Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire for patients with cancer pain in China, and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:Cross-cultural adjustment was conducted on the basis of the Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire of the American Pain Association published on the official website through expert review and pre-experiment. A convenience sample of 153 hospital patients with cancer pain was recruited. And the data were analyzed for reliability and validity.Results:The adjusted Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire contains 18 core items, which are easy to understand and can be completed within 10 minutes. Reliability test: the Cronbach α coefficient of internal consistency for the total scale was 0.735. The Cronbach α coefficient of pain intensity dimension was 0.233, the Cronbach α coefficient of sleep interference dimension was 0.891, the Cronbach α coefficient of activity interference dimension was 0.830, the Cronbach α coefficient of emotion dimension was 0.846, the Cronbach α coefficient of pain management related side effects dimension was 0.591, and the Cronbach α coefficient of perception dimension of pain care was 0.633. Validity test: The total content validity of the scale was 0.98, and the content validity of each item ranged from 0.82 to 1.00.Conclusion:The adjusted Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire has good reliability and validity, providing an effective assessment tool for medical institutions to evaluate the quality of cancer pain management.

Objective To explore the good death status of terminally ill cancer patients from the nurses' perspective and identify associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the nurses in charge of the patients within 3 months after their death to evaluate the status quo of patients with end-stage cancer from the perspective of nurses, using anonymous questionnaire. Using convenient sampling method, 101 competent nurses from 209 patients with end-stage tumors who died in a hospital from October 2017 to January 2018 were selected. The nurses were investigated with nurses' general information questionnaire, patient information questionnaire and Good Death Inventory (GDI). Single factor analysis, Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of good death in patients with end-stage cancer. Results The total score of GDI was (243.00±39.21). Among GDI, the three lowest scores were independence (7.43±4.25), physical and psychological comfort (8.17±4.82), and religious and spiritual comfort (8.53±4.72);while the three highest scores were being respected as an individual (18.32±2.76), good relationship with medical staff (18.23±2.59), and natural death (17.97±3.42). There were significant differences in patients' death status among different departments, medical payment methods, professional training experience of competent nurses and treatment methods within 3 months before death (t=17.351, 2.158, -2.679, -2.993;P＜0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that nurse working life was positively correlated with the total score of GDI (r=0.953, P＜0.01). Regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the good death of patients with end-stage cancer were the department of oncology medicine, the way of treatment and the professional training experience of nurses (P＜0.05). Conclusions The overall status of good death of terminally ill cancer patients is poor. To strengthen the palliative care training about the knowledge and skills helps to improve the nursing quality of end-of-life care and achieve the goal of good death.

Objective To investigate the correlation between job stressors, resilience and turnover intention among nurses in Beijing. Methods A total of 419 nurses from top three hospitals in Beijing were investigated with the Job Pressure Scale, Resilience Scale and Turnover Intention Questionnaire from April to May 2015. Results The major job stressors in clinical nurses were as follows: problems of the nursing profession and work, time allocation and workload, patient care, working conditions and environment, management and interpersonal relationship. The total score of job stressors was 2.15 ± 0.38. Job stressors of nurses was negatively correlated with resilience (r =-0.222, P < 0.01), positively correlated with turnover intention (r=0.221, P<0.01). Conclusions Resilience plays an important role in releasing pressure of nurses. Enhancement of resilience in nurses is an important way to relieve job stress of nurses as it can reduce the turnover intention.

Based on the basic theory of spatial econometrics,the paper has been studied the interaction mechanism between urbanization,people’s living standards and the development of tourism in 2010-2013,with the virtual variable of geographic features. Research results show that:The development of the tourism industry has been shown a significant spatial correlation , and which has already formed a stable cluster of differentiation in China during 2010-2013;the change of urbanization rate has not shown a significant direct impact on the development of the tourism industry ,but which has a potential role in promot-ing; the improvement of living standards of urban people is a significant positive promotion to the development of the tourism industry,but rural people’s living standards are not related. In addition,tourism investment and geographical features have a significant impact on the formation of spatial agglomeration of tourism in China.

1990年以来,澳大利亚联邦政府通过严格的评估和研究努力进行一些重大的体制改革.这种改革的驱动力来自于多方面,但可以归结为人们对高效合法的行政管理的要求,公共行业和私有部门也希望通过绩效管理体制、规则和实践来达成工作的高绩效,这些动力迫使传统的联邦体制实实在在地做出了一些关键性的变革,从宏观层面上探索政府与市场关系等.目前正在全面深化改革的中国可以从澳大利亚政府的公共服务改革中汲取一些经验与教训.

Entries of the word trapezoid vary greatly in many Chinese-English dictionaries as some put it as a noun while some others put it as a noun-adjective, which is confusing. Therefore, based on Chinese National corpus and Peking University Lan-guage Center corpus, a thorough-going survey of the usage of trapezoid has been carried out. According to the survey, entries of the word trapezoid in some Chinese-English dictionaries and some Chinese dictionaries are inaccurate. Based on quantities of cor-pus analysis, common usages of trapezoid, and solutions on how to write the entry of trapezoid in Chinese-English and Chinese dictionaries are proposed.

Since the reform and opening-up policy,the regional development disparities are to a great extent due to the implementation of the unbalanced development strategies and the increasing endogenous market.The problem has become more and more serious,and it gave birth to the regional industrial development theory which deals with the harmonious issues between developed and underdeveloped regions.Based on this,and together with the social,resource,ecology and environmental problems occurred in the reform and development process,how to deal with different relationships among regions,industries,economic societies,resource and environment,and man and nature has become an important proposition for the coordinated development of regional sciences.The paper proposes a new industrial development model for industrial restructuring of underdeveloped regions,that is,the coupling of eco-agriculture and ecotourism.By using the coupled industry to achieve social benefit maximization of the whole industry system,and realizing the dynamic optimal purpose of resource allocation under the constraint of resource and environmental carrying capacity,further discussions are made on the development path of the coupled industry.

本文从房产税改革的动因入手,从公共经济学角度对我国开征房产税进行公平与效率分析,深入论述房产税开征的意义及其利弊,意在强调开征房产税的社会意义远大于纯财政意义的观点,最后对房产税改革的途径提出了自己的浅见。

作为中国民间四大传奇故事之一的《白蛇传》在中国几乎妇孺皆知。在弹词、小说、戏曲与影视作品的流变中,人们钟情于白蛇故事的演绎。根据这个故事最新翻拍的电影《白蛇传说》上映之初就引来唇枪舌战,撇开影片特效等尝试,从后现代主义的视角对这部电影进行解读,揭示出影片的一个特点在于文本的改编,尤其是对法海形象的颠覆和对白蛇、许仙之间爱情关系的重新阐释,体现出许多后现代主义特征:多元化、包容性、生态主义等。

According to the value characteristic and the high risk of share capital projects for high-tech company in Growth Enterprises Market and IPO's high underpricing in China Capital Market,Compound-option value model of multi-stage risk investment program for high-tech company is established based on contingent option,no-arbitrage regulation.The solutions of the model are obtained from analysis of three stages.With the application of Monte Carlo Simulation,the IPO price based on real option is obtained.Meanwhile combined with IPO price based on noise momentum,IPO's inquiry pricing range of high-tech company for China Growth Enterprises Market is found.

By taking China's foreign trade listed companies as research objects,an empirical test is made on the decision-making efficiency of foreign trade companies from the perspective of the dynamic relations between investment decision and financial risks.Results show that within the total sample,corporate financial risks may have significant restraint effect on investment expenditure,but investment will not decrease the financial risks of companies.This means the investment effect of the company is bad;foreign trade firms with high growth opportunities have no problems in getting investment due to financial risks,and those with low growth opportunities may have over investment problem because financial risks will not significantly lower the investment level of a company,and investment expenditure may promote financial risks.

在基于资源消耗和环境控制框架下的农旅耦合产业系统增长模型里,稳态条件下,产业存量污染的衰减系数越大,分配到该产业上的资源就越多;产业存量污染的危害系数越大,分配到该产业上的资源就越少;贴现率越大,产业消耗的资源就越多。总体来说,增速越快,稳态收敛的速度就越快,但路径是不同的;污染损害函数的最优增长路径也不是单调的。

The sustainable industrial development analysis always pays attention to the mutual influence between economic growth,resources and environment,and dynamic allocation process on the optimal growth path.We rarely take the coupling industrial structure and scale into consideration caused by different background of the resources and environmental factors(such as assimilative capacity of pollutant and environmental background value).This paper develops and characterizes demonstration through the dynamic analysis of industrial resources consumption structure based on optimal growth path of coupling industry of under the frame of consumption of resources and sustainable development.To the long run of the sustainable coupling industry,Numerical simulation shows that Structure and scale of the two industries will change in the wake of the changes of environmental factors,and so does the social benefit and environmental damage.Resource consumption level,the development of the irradiation industries,environment condition will have effect on the optimal growth path of the coupling industrial system.Under specific circumstances,there will be the saddle point like the Kuznets curve.

Taking Chengdu as an example,this paper investigates the development of elderly talent resources under the background of aging trend of population,and tries to discover the possible problems and the countermeasures.The result finds that there are several problems,including big pressure of public opinion,age discrimination,obstruction from children,and less information of re-employment,which exerts negative influences on development of elderly talent resources.As countermeasures,it holds that it is important to establish flexible mechanism of retirement,strengthen information channel establishment,reinforce publicity through public opinion,and to establish elderly talent pool so as to make re-employment environment more perfect and to exploit elderly talent resources more effectively.

The paper makes a statistical analysis of 196 literature about China's tourism studies published in 11 international authoritative tourism journals from 2000-2010,from annual number of papers,authors' location of countries and regions,authors' units and study contents.The analysis reveals that international academic circle has attached greater importance to China's tourism,which results to constant increase of the number of studies regarding China's tourism.However,due to language barrier,lack of study standardization and greater differences in study paradigm and approaches as compared with foreign tourism studies,many domestic study results are still unable to fully display to outside world.Although great achievement has been made in academic exchanges,there still leaves much space for expansion.

文章通过分析公司治理结构中审计位置的演变过程,指出了现存审计问题原因所在,对公司治理结构提出了调整意见,通过设置董事会于监事会下,受监事会监督,监事会下设审计委员会,加强监事会在公司治理中的作用,保证审计的独立性和公正性。

The coupling of eco-agriculture and eco-tourism is characteristic of sustainability and gives rise to additional economic benefits,but it is restrained simultaneously by such limited resources as land.In order to solve the difficulties in evaluation due to the absence of the market prices of final economic outputs,this paper attempts to propose a compromise programming model under the land capability,and analyze the benefits arising from the operations with different scales.In addition,the final optimal design is obtained by comparing with the traditional programming approach.

引入ESP教学理念,对四川外语学院旅游英语的教学目的和学生的学习需求进行调查和分析。认为以ESP理论指导旅游英语教学无疑是必要和适用的,应运用ESP教学理念指导旅游英语包括教学内容、教学方式的改革以及师资培养的方向等,切实提高旅游英语教学质量,使涉外旅游人才的培养真正适应市场需求。

This paper attempts to analyze the new English words on internet in China and categorize them as China English from the perspective of sociolinguistics.It analyzes the word formation of these words,probe into the characteristics of them and predict the destiny of these words.