Persistent inflammatory responses in osteochondral defects produce a hostile microenvironment that severely compromises endogenous tissue repair mechanisms. The local immune microenvironment needs to be modulated to facilitate tissue regeneration. In this study, an innovative bioactive platform was engineered that combined aspirin-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (Asp-EVs) and a thermoresponsive hydrogel (mPEP) composed of monofunctional polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (mPOSS), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and polypropylene glycol (PPG). We investigated whether mPEP hydrogel-loaded Asp-EVs can enhance osteochondral regeneration by regulating the inflammatory microenvironment and elucidated the underlying mechanisms involved. According to the findings of in vitro experiments, Asp-EVs significantly improved the growth and migration of BMSCs and promoted M1φ-to-M2φ macrophage polarization. Under inflammatory conditions, Asp-EVs restored the chondrogenesis of BMSCs to levels comparable to those of the control group. In vivo, Asp-EVs delivered via the mPEP hydrogel achieved robust osteochondral regeneration in a rat knee defect model, restoring the hyaline-like cartilage and subchondral bone structure. Asp-EVs activated the PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy pathway, rescuing mitochondrial dysfunction and reprogramming the metabolism of macrophages from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation and promoting M2φ polarization. These results suggested that the delivery of Asp-EVs via mPEP hydrogels is a promising strategy for osteochondral regeneration.

Despite significant advancements in osteochondral tissue engineering, the treatment of osteochondral defect remains a challenging clinical issue due to the limited availability of seed cells and persistent inflammation at the defect site. Modulating the local immune microenvironment can facilitate tissue repair. Herein, we prepared extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from aspirin-treated M1 macrophages (A-EVs) and loaded them into a thermosensitive hydrogel composed of mono-functional polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (MPOSS), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and polypropylene glycol (PPG) (mPEP). This hydrogel formulation serves as a sustained-release system for A-EVs. More importantly, the A-EVs showed the capacity to promote in vitro polarization of M1 to M2-like macrophages and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) chondrogenesis, which significantly promote in vivo osteochondral regeneration compared to EVs from untreated M1 macrophages (1-EVs) without the use of exogenous cells and growth factors. Dual-luciferase assay revealed that aspirin can reprogram the M1 macrophage through PPARα/NF-κB. The miRNA microarray analysis showed that multiple miRNAs (e.g., miR-127, miR-132 and miR-155, especially miR-140) in A-EVs can activate multiple signaling pathways related to repolarization of macrophages and MSC chondrogenesis. In summary, this study reveals a novel therapeutic application for aspirin in managing osteochondral defects through macrophage-derived EVs, preventing the issue of delayed healing by using aspirin directly.

The role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from inflammatory chondrocytes in EV-based therapy for osteoarthritis (OA) has received little attention. We examined the effects of EVs derived from both normal rat chondrocytes (nEVs) and IL-1β-treated rat chondrocytes (iEVs) on IL-1β-treated rat chondrocytes, macrophages, and osteoblasts, alongside mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq analyses of both them. Additionally, nEVs and iEVs were administered intra-articularly in the joints of rat models subjected to anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT), and the morphological alterations across the joints were assessed. These findings indicated that iEVs, compared with nEVs, significantly enhanced collagen II synthesis in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes, accompanied by marked increases in ER stress and autophagy. In comparison to nEVs, iEVs exhibited a greater effect on facilitating M2-type macrophage polarization while simultaneously diminishing M1-type polarization, a process likely mediated by the downregulation of chemotactic cytokines such as Cxcl10, Ccl5, Cxcl9, Cxcl1, and Cxcl11. iEVs exerted a more pronounced influence on the phenotypic characteristics of IL-1β-treated osteoblasts than nEVs. In the ACLT-rat model, iEVs, akin to nEVs, effectively mitigated articular cartilage degradation. However, there was no significant difference in OARSI Scores between the two groups, despite iEVs exerting a greater effect on increasing hyaline cartilage thickness and proteoglycan content. iEVs were superior to nEVs in attenuating synovium inflammation and promoting trabecula formation in the femur subchondral bone. Consequently, iEVs, akin to nEVs, significantly alleviated OA-induced damage. Moreover, iEVs outperformed nEVs in certain aspects, notably in augmenting hyaline cartilage, reducing synovium inflammation, and promoting trabecular formation in the subchondral bone during the early stage of OA.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and associated risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with severe varus knees after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: From January 2015 to December 2023, a retrospective study of 226 patients who with preoperative hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angles more than 10°were enrolled. The patients were examined with ultrasonography after operation and divided into thrombosis and non-thrombosis groups according to their ultrasonographic results. A correlation analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with DVT. Results: Of the 226 patients, 15 patients (6.6%) developed DVT, with none in proximal location. Significant differences were found in the mean age, time of application of tourniquet and mean VAS scores in patients with DVT compared with those without DVT. Conclusions: The incidence of DVT was 6.6% in patients who underwent TKA with severe varus deformity. The rate of asymptomatic clots in the calf region was higher than the proximal location. Older age, longer durations of tourniquet application and higher VAS scores were all substantial risk factors for DVT after TKA in patients with severe varus knees.

Osteochondral tissue has limited self-repair ability owing to its ischemic microenvironment and mechanically challenging conditions. Cell-based tissue engineering, a promising strategy for osteochondral regeneration, is influenced by the osteochondral-inducing scaffolds, such as bioactive agents and bionic microstructures, and mechanical properties. The current platforms are unsatisfactory because they fail to match the mechanical strength of natural osteochondral tissue while retaining high porosity and bioactivity. Hence, we developed growth factor-free multistage porous hybrid scaffolds composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) backbones with milli-micrometer two-stage pores and bioactive poly(gamma-ethyl-L-glutamate) (PELG) thermo-responsive hydrogel. Highly porous pure PLGA backbones with controllable pore structures and tunable mechanical strength were prepared using low-temperature deposition modeling 3D printing and salt-leaching method with sodium chloride (NaCl) as a porogen. The arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide and the chondrogenic molecule kartogenin (KGN) were conjugated to the terminals of poly(ethylene glycol) and PELG to enhance cell proliferation and induce cartilage differentiation, respectively. Moreover, the multistage PLGA/RGDPELGKGN porous hybrid scaffolds provided conducive environments for the proliferation and chondrogenesis of peripheral bloodderived mesenchymal stem cells (PBMSCs) and successfully repaired critical-sized osteochondral defects in the rabbit femoral trochlea, indicating its clinical potential for osteochondral repair.

Algal-bacterial granular sludge (ABGS) composed of microalgae and aerobic granular sludge, is a sustainable and promising technology for wastewater treatment. However, the formation mechanism of ABGS has not been clearly defined, and the direct formation of ABGS in saline wastewater has rarely been investigated. This study proposed novel insights into the granulation process of ABGS by assembling the algal barrier, which was successfully cultivated directly in saline wastewater. The results concluded that ABGS with the algal barrier maintained a higher biomass (MLSS of 7046 ± 61 mg/L), larger particle sizes (1.21 ± 0.06 mm), and better settleability (SVI30 of 46 ± 1 mL/g), enabling efficient pollutants removal. Soluble microbial products (SMP) were found to be closely related to the emergence of the algal barrier. In addition, under salinity stress, the high production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS, 133.70 ± 1.40 mg/g VSS), specifically TB-EPS (90.29 ± 1.12 mg/g VSS), maintained a crucial role in the formation of ABGS. Further analysis indicated that biofilm producing bacteria Pseudofulvimonas and filamentous eukaryote Streptophyta were the key players in ABGS formation with the algal barrier. Furthermore, the enhancement of key genes and enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism, TCA cycle, and polysaccharide metabolism suggested a more robust protective effect provided by the algal barrier. This study is expected to advance the application of simultaneous ABGS formation and pollutant removal in wastewater.

Accurately assessing the difficulty of material excavation is crucial for reducing excavator energy consumption, ensuring operational safety, and optimizing excavator efficiency. Addressing the challenges of uncertain and difficult-to-judge excavation conditions for underground materials, this paper proposes a Bayesian deep learning-based method that integrates excavation process data to identify excavation difficulty. Firstly, we constructed a deep learning model based on Bayesian theory and decomposed the uncertainty of the identification results into aleatory uncertainty and epistemic uncertainty. Next, through a mechanistic analysis of the interaction between materials and the excavator bucket during excavation, we identified the input features for the model. Finally, we validated the effectiveness of the method through experiments. The results show that the proposed method not only accurately identifies the excavation difficulty of the material but also quantifies and decomposes the uncertainty of the identification results, demonstrating both theoretical significance and practical application value.

Upcycling of waste poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) into valuable products represents a promising avenue for advancing carbon neutrality and circular economy. Here, we demonstrate a modular strategy for converting waste PET into glycolic acid (GA) and 2,4-pyridine dicarboxylic acid (2,4-PDCA), achieving an upcycling process and 45% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. We conducted comprehensive studies on PET hydrolysis, PET-derived ethylene glycol (EG) photooxidation, and PET-derived terephthalic acid (TPA) bioconversion. Utilizing a plasmon-active CuPt nanoalloy, EG oxidation proceeds at mild conditions with impressive EG conversion (94.78%) and GA yield (71.98%). Two Escherichia coli strains were employed to convert TPA into 2,4-PDCA, achieved a 91.03% molar yield. This work successfully accomplishes the comprehensive utilization of waste PET through an environmentally friendly and economically viable strategy, leading to a significant reduction in PET plastic pollution while simultaneously generating substantial economic benefits.

BACKGROUND:The insufficient regeneration of fibrocartilage at the tendon enthesis is the primary cause of retearing after surgical reattachment of the rotator cuff. Exosomes derived from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-Exos) and kartogenin (KGN) have been demonstrated to induce fibrocartilage formation. Loading drugs into exosomes may lead to a synergistic effect, significantly enhancing the inherent activity of both components. However, further investigation is necessary to determine whether loading KGN into BMSC-Exos could yield superior efficacy in promoting tendon enthesis healing. PURPOSE:To study the effect and mechanism of KGN-loaded BMSC-Exos (Kl-BMSC-Exos) on tendon enthesis repair and biomechanical properties in a rat rotator cuff injury (RCI) model. STUDY DESIGN:Controlled laboratory study. METHODS:The characteristics and in vivo retention of exosomes were demonstrated using nanoflow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, and in vivo imaging of a small animal. The differentiation markers of BMSCs were assessed through quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence assays. Unilateral supraspinatus tenotomy and repair were performed in rats to establish the RCI model. Gelatin sponges were utilized to contain and deliver exosomes. In total, 44 rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: sham, RCI, BMSC-Exos, and Kl-BMSC-Exos. Tendon enthesis regeneration and biomechanical properties were evaluated 8 weeks after surgery. RNA sequencing of BMSCs was performed to elucidate the underlying mechanism through which Kl-BMSC-Exos enhance tendon enthesis healing. RESULTS:No discernible disparities in fundamental characteristics were evident between BMSC-Exos and Kl-BMSC-Exos. Incorporating exosomes into a gelatin sponge extended the in vivo retention time from 7 to 14 days. Kl-BMSC-Exos were more effective in inducing differentiation markers of BMSCs, improving fibrocartilage regeneration, organizing collagen fiber arrangement, and enhancing the biomechanical properties of tendon enthesis. Furthermore, transcriptomics suggested that Mospd1 was involved in Kl-BMSC-Exos-mediated tendon enthesis healing by enhancing fibrocartilage regeneration. CONCLUSION:The incorporation of exosomes into a gelatin sponge significantly enhances their in vivo retention time. Kl-BMSC-Exos can expedite the healing of RCI by enhancing chondrogenesis and fibrocartilage regeneration, providing more organized collagen fiber arrangement and superior biomechanical properties of the rotator cuff enthesis. The promotion of rotator cuff enthesis regeneration may contribute to enhancing the chondrogenic potential in BMSCs through Kl-BMSC-Exos-mediated upregulation of Mospd1. CLINICAL RELEVANCE:As a cell-free therapeutic approach, Kl-BMSC-Exos displayed a better therapeutic effect on tendon enthesis healing than BMSC-Exos did, and these can be used as a biologic augmentation to enhance the healing of rotator cuff enthesis.

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is a powerful biotechnological tool capable of treating multiple pollutants simultaneously. However, the granulation process and pollutant removal efficiency still need to be further improved. In this study, Fe2O3- and MnO2-surface-modified straw foam-based AGS (Fe2O3@SF-AGS and MnO2@SF-AGS), with an average particle size of 3 mm, were developed and evaluated. The results showed that surface modification reduced the hydrophobic groups of carriers, facilitating the attachment and proliferation of microorganisms. Notably, MnO2@SF-AGS showed excellent granulation performance, reaching a stable state about one week earlier than the unmodified SF-AGS. The polymeric substance content of MnO2@SF-AGS was found to be 1.28 times higher than that of the control group. Furthermore, the removal rates for NH4+-N, TN, and TP were enhanced by 27.28%, 12.8%, and 32.14%, respectively. The bacterial communities exhibited significant variations in response to different surface modifications of AGS, with genera such as Saprospiraceae, Terrimonas, and Ferruginibacter playing a crucial role in the formation of AGS and the removal of pollutants specifically in MnO2@SF-AGS. The charge transfer of metal ions of MnO2@SF promotes the granulation process and pollutant removal. These results highlight that MnO2@SF-AGS is an effective strategy for improving nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency from wastewater.

BACKGROUND:Knowledge of acromioclavicular (AC) joint kinematics and distance may provide insight into the biomechanical function and development of new treatment methods. However, accurate data on in vivo AC kinematics and distance between the clavicle and acromion remain unknown.PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS:The purpose of this study was to investigate 3-dimensional AC kinematics and distance during arm elevation in abduction, scaption, and forward flexion in a healthy population. It was hypothesized that AC kinematics and distance would vary with the elevation angle and plane of the arm.STUDY DESIGN:Controlled laboratory study.METHODS:A total of 19 shoulders of healthy participants were enrolled. AC kinematics and distance were investigated with a combined dual fluoroscopic imaging system and computed tomography. Rotation and translation of the AC joint were calculated. The AC distance was measured as the minimum distance between the medial border of the acromion and the articular surface of the distal clavicle (ASDC). The minimum distance point (MDP) ratio was defined as the length between the MDP and the posterior edge of the ASDC divided by the anterior-posterior length of the ASDC. AC kinematics and distance between different elevation planes and angles were compared.RESULTS:Progressive internal rotation, upward rotation, and posterior tilt of the AC joint were observed in all elevation planes. The scapula rotated more upward relative to the clavicle in abduction than in scaption (P = .002) and flexion (P = .005). The arm elevation angle significantly affected translation of the AC joint. The acromion translated more laterally and more posteriorly in scaption than in abduction (P < .001). The AC distance decreased from the initial position to 75° in all planes and was significantly greater in flexion (P < .001). The MDP ratio significantly increased with the elevation angle (P < .001).CONCLUSION:Progressive rotation and significant translation of the AC joint were observed in different elevation planes. The AC distance decreased with the elevation angle from the initial position to 75°. The minimum distance between the ASDC and the medial border of the acromion moved anteriorly as the shoulder elevation angle increased.CLINICAL RELEVANCE:These results could serve as benchmark data for future studies aiming to improve the surgical treatment of AC joint abnormalities to restore optimal function.

Metasurface radome is crucial to protect the radiating antenna and control electromagnetic waves flexibly. However, current design methods for metasurface radome merely focus on the single propagation direction, with limited degrees of freedom. Here, a super radome is proposed with a directional scattering response based on Janus metasurface that can realize the phase modulation of y-polarized waves and the amplitude modulation of x-polarized waves with a judiciously designed structure. Both numerical and experimental results illustrate two cross-polarized transmission windows with intensity exceeding 0.9 centered at 10 and 12.2 GHz and two out-of-band invisibility with considerable backward radar cross-section reduction over -10 dB within 9.3-15.4 and 7.5-23.8 GHz when the radome is illuminated by y- and x-polarized waves along negative and positive z directions, respectively. Moreover, the radar cross-section reduction is maintained for off-normal incidence even up to 45 degrees. This method sets up a directional degree of freedom for advanced radome design and demonstrates its enormous potential in developing next-generation stealth antennas. A super radome is proposed with directional scattering response based on Janus metasurface. Both numerical and experimental results illustrate two cross-polarized transmission windows with intensity exceeding 0.9 and two out-of-band invisibility when the radome is illuminated by y- and x-polarized waves along negative and positive z directions. Moreover, the invisibility is maintained for off-normal incidence even up to 45 degrees.image

Synthetic consortia have emerged as a promising biosynthetic platform that offers new opportunities for biosynthesis. Genome-scale metabolic network models (GEMs) with complex constraints are extensively utilized to guide the synthesis in monocultures. However, few methods are currently available to guide the rational construction of synthetic consortia for predicting the optimal allocation strategy of synthetic pathways aimed at enhancing product synthesis. A standardized method to construct the co-cultivated Enzyme Constraint metabolic network model (CulECpy) is proposed, which integrates enzyme constraints and modular interaction scale constraints based on the research concept of "independent + global". This method is applied to construct several synthetic consortia models, which encompassed different target products, strains, synthetic pathways, and compositional structures. Analyzing the model, the optimal pathway allocation and initial inoculum ratio that enhance the synthesis of target products by synthetic consortia are predicted and verified. When comparing with the constructed co-culture synthesis system, the normalized root mean square error of all optimal theoretical yield simulations is found to be less than or equal to 0.25. The analyses and verifications demonstrate that the method CulECpy can guide the rational construction of synthetic consortia systems to facilitate biochemical synthesis.

Background: Studies investigating the relationship between egg consumption and the risk of cerebrovascular disease (CED) have yielded inconsistent results. This study evaluated the association between egg consumption and the risk of CED among Chinese adults. Methods: Data were obtained from China Kadoorie Biobank, Qingdao. A computerised questionnaire was used to collect information regarding egg consumption frequency. CED events were tracked through linkage with the Disease Surveillance Point System and the new national health insurance databases. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between egg consumption and CED risk controlling for potential confounders. Results: After a median follow-up of 9.2 years, 865 and 1083 CED events among men and women, respectively, were documented. More than 50% of participants consumed eggs daily with an average age of 52.0 (10.4) years at baseline. No association between egg consumption and CED were identified in the whole cohort and women. However, a 28% lower risk of CED was observed in those who consumed eggs at a higher frequency (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55–0.95) and a significant trend for the association (p for trend = 0.012) in a multivariable model in men. Conclusion: Higher frequency of egg consumption was associated with a lower risk of total CED events among men but not women in Chinese adults. The beneficial effect on women warrants further investigations.

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has proved to be a promising biotechnology for microplastics wastewater treatment. However, polyacrylonitrile microplastics (PAN MPs), the most widely used plastic in textile materials, have not been investigated. Therefore, the effect of the neglected PAN MPs on AGS at different concentrations (1, 10, and 100 mg/L) was evaluated. The results indicated that PAN MPs with 1 and 10 mg/L concentrations had no obvious effect on granular stability and nutrient removal performance, but greatly promoted the secretion of EPS. Remarkably, the granule structure was severely damaged under 100 mg/L PAN MPs. Moreover, microbial community analysis showed that phylum Proteobacteria played a dominant role in resistance to PAN MPs. Metabolic analysis further revealed that genes related to denitrification pathway (nasA, nirK, nirS and norB) and membrane transport were significantly inhibited under PAN MPs stress. This study may provide additional information on the treatment of microplastics wastewater using AGS.

目的 比较侧卧位和沙滩椅位对关节镜下巨大肩袖撕裂修补术临床疗效的影响.方法 回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年1月我院收治的关节镜治疗巨大肩袖撕裂病人95例,根据手术体位分为侧卧位组(49例)和沙滩椅位组(46例).比较两组病人的手术时间、术中出血量、术中平均收缩压,术前及术后3、12个月的加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)肩关节评分、美国肩肘外科协会(ASES)评分、疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、肩关节活动度,以及术后12个月的并发症发生情况,并通过MRI评估肩袖再撕裂情况.结果 与沙滩椅位组相比,侧卧位组手术时间短[(74.5±4.1)min vs.(97.0±5.7)min]、术中出血量少[(55.6±3.4)mL vs.(79.9±5.7)mL]、术中平均收缩压低[(99.7±6.7)mmHg vs.(122.5±6.3)mmHg],差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后两组UCLA评分、ASES评分、VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后3、12个月的肩关节前屈、外旋及外展活动度比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).术后随访12个月,两组均无血管、神经损伤,切口感染等术后并发症发生,术后复查MRI,两组均未见修复肩袖再撕裂.结论 侧卧位及沙滩椅位关节镜下修补巨大肩袖撕裂均能达到良好临床疗效,其术后功能评分、肩关节活动度、并发症及再撕裂率相似,但侧卧位术中控制性降压可降至更低水平,手术时间更短,术中出血量更少.

Compound Kushen injection (CKI) is the most widely used traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the comprehensive treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) in China, but its underlying molecular mechanisms of action are still unclear. The present study employed a network pharmacology approach, in which we constructed a “bioactive compound-target-pathway” network. Experimental RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis was performed to identify a key “bioactive compound-target-pathway” network for subsequent experimental validation. Cell cycle, proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis assays and a model of azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in mice were employed to detect the biological effect of CKI on CRC. Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry were performed to verify the selected targets and pathways. We constructed a predicted network that included 82 bioactive compounds, 34 targets, and 33 pathways and further screened an anti-CRC CKI “biological compound (hesperetin 7- O -rutinoside, genistein 7- O -rutinoside, and trifolirhizin)-target (p53 and checkpoint kinase 1 [CHEK1])” network that targeted the “cell cycle pathway”. Validation experiments showed that CKI effectively induced the cell-cycle arrest of CRC cells in vitro and suppressed the development of CRC in vivo by downregulating the expression of p53 and CHEK1. Our findings confirmed that inducing cell-cycle arrest by CKI is an important mechanism of its anti-CRC action, which provides a direct and scientific experimental basis for the clinical application of CKI.

Due to the antibiodegradable properties, numerous plastics have been accumulated in the ecosystem and aggravate ecological pollution. Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is among the most used plastics. Glycolysis of PET is a useful approach to solve the waste PET pollution and obtain bis(2hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET). In this paper, waste PET was efficiently depolymerized through glycolysis catalyzed by cyanamide. In particular, compared with the previously reported catalyst, cyanamide is more readily available and can be used directly in catalysis without a complex preparation process. Under optimal conditions, PET was completely depolymerized with up to nearly 100% BHET yield. Even at a temperature as low as 150 degrees C, a good BHET yield can be obtained. The application potential of this glycolysis procedure was demonstrated by its excellent performance in the glycolysis of various real PET wastes like transparent and opaque PET samples and polyester foam and by the high quality of the obtained BHET products. The mechanism was studied by 1H NMR analysis, and DFT calculations showed that the higher activity of cyanamide than its trimer, melamine, is due to the stronger hydrogen bonds formed between cyanamide and PET or ethylene glycol.

文章对王少杰教授临床治疗高血压病合并失眠患者的经验进行初步总结.现代社会中人们生活方式改变,熬夜、夜宵等不良生活习惯增多,压力较大、运动不足等诸多因素易导致肝主疏泄、肝藏血功能失衡,形成肝郁、肝瘀,从而化热生浊,热扰心神,心神不宁而不寐.王少杰教授在临床治疗过程中审证求因,灵活运用"镇、敛、养、清"四法,平衡阴阳,心神安宁,取得了较好疗效.

Traditional design requires designers to envisage a product operating environment in order to identify customer needs. Analyzing product usage context by collecting actual product operating data during the product in use empowers new opportunities for the projection of requirement specifications and understanding of use case scenarios. This paper proposes a data-driven inverse design optimization approach to provide decision support to product personalization design. A closed-loop decision-making framework is formulated by integrating forward design and inverse problem solving within a coherent framework of data-driven analysis. An application to the transmission system personalization design of wheel loaders is presented to demonstrate how personalized product usage contexts are identified through inverse analysis of product operating data under different operating conditions. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm incorporated with Simulink simulation is developed to solve the multi-objective optimization of power performance and fuel economy for wheel loaders.