[Objective:] To investigate the clinical efficacy of a blood clot stabilization-based therapeutic strategy for the treatment of alveolar osteitis and to evaluate its effects on pain relief and wound healing. [Methods:] Clinical data of 30 patients with alveolar osteitis (33 affected teeth) treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Haikou People's Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, from January 2020 to April 2026 were analyzed. According to the treatment strategy, patients were divided into an observation group (blood clot stabilization strategy, n=15) and a control group (conventional iodoform gauze dressing, n=15). In the observation group, thorough debridement was performed under local anesthesia to establish a fresh bleeding socket. For sockets with insufficient bleeding, perforation of the alveolar bone wall was performed to induce bleeding. The blood clot was reconstructed using autologous concentrated growth factor/platelet-rich fibrin (CGF/PRF) or autologous venous blood, followed by coverage with a collagen sponge and fixation with sutures. The control group received conventional debridement followed by iodoform gauze dressing. Pain intensity was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) before treatment and at 24, 48 h, and 7 d after treatment. Clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. [Results:] Pain was gradually alleviated in both groups after treatment. There was no significant difference in pretreatment VAS scores between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the VAS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 24, 48 h, and 7 d after treatment (all P<0.001). In the observation group, 7 patients (46.7%) met the criteria for clinical improvement within 24 h, and the remaining 8 patients (53.3%) met the criteria within 24-48 h. All patients achieved clinical healing at the 7-day follow-up. In the control group, pain relief occurred more slowly, and two patients failed to meet the criteria for clinical improvement. The clinical healing rate at 7 d was 46.7%. [Conclusion:] The blood clot stabilization-based therapeutic strategy demonstrated advantages in early pain relief and wound healing, providing a promising therapeutic option for the clinical management of alveolar osteitis.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, progressive and potentially malignant oral mucosal disease. Patients often have a habit of chewing betel nuts. Areca catechu has been listed as a Class component, arecoline, is classified as a Group 2B carcinogen by the IARC. The World Health Organization (WHO) categorises OSF as an oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD). The present guideline describes the risk factors, clinical symptoms and clinical signs of OSF. Clinical staging, auxiliary examination methods, basis for diagnosis and differential diagnosis and the need to improve bad lifestyle habits are proposed and addressed, and local treatment drugs, therapies, dosage and course of treatment, possible adverse reactions, and oral treatment drugs, dosage and course of treatment are proposed. The guideline also addresses the indications for surgical treatment, alternative non-drug treatment methods, selection of treatment plans for different clinical stages, criteria for efficacy evaluation, and preventive measures.

目的:调查学龄前龋病患童照护者疾病感知现状，并分析其影响因素，为防龋、治龋医疗提供参考。方法:通过便利抽样法，前瞻性收集2019年7月至2020年5月在中南大学湘雅医院口腔医学中心就诊的学龄前龋病患童，采用疾病感知问卷调查照护者的疾病感知状况并进行统计学分析。结果:发放问卷280份，有效问卷249份。学龄前龋病患童照护者疾病感知得分为(107.23±10.24)分。单因素分析证实，性别、年龄、受教育程度、家庭人均月收入、居住地、就业情况为学龄前龋病患童照护者疾病感知水平的相关因素(均 P<0.05)；多因素分析结果显示，男性、年龄较大、文化程度较低、农村居住、待业或退休是学龄前龋病患童照护者疾病感知水平更低的危险因素(均 P<0.05)。 结论:学龄前龋病患童照护者疾病感知水平低，不同特征的调查对象疾病感知水平不同，尤其应对男性、年龄较大、文化程度较低、农村居住、待业或退休的照护者加强口腔健康宣教。

甘草是一种被广泛用于治疗疾病的中药,并且具有良好的治疗效果.近些年来,甘草化合物被用来治疗口腔黏膜、颌面颈部炎症及肿瘤,取得了一定的疗效.本文对甘草化合物治疗口颌面部疾病的研究进展进行综述.

Oral and maxillofacial/head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), is the sixth most common cancer in the world. To present, management of tumors of the oral cavity and the head and neck has evolved into an increasingly complex specialty , demanding expertise not only in various surgical disciplines, but also in allied specialties such as radiation oncology, medical oncology, endocrinology, nuclear medicine, diagnostic radiology, pathology, and maxillofacial prosthodontics. Surgery has been the mainstay of therapy for cancers in the oral cavity and the head and neck for more than a century. With the introduction of ionizing radiation in the latter half of the 20th century, radiotherapy became an important modality used either independently or in combination with surgery. Although initially chemotherapy was used primarily with palliative intent, it is now used as part of curative treatment approaches when combined with radiation, producing significant responses in patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and the head and neck. Similarly, biological or targeted agents are also evolving to become part of standard therapy. Accordingly understanding and implementing multidisciplinary management strategies are cornerstones for achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes.

Background Targeting the long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs)-microRNAs (miRNAs)-mRNA competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks has been proved as an effective strategy to treat multiple cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Based on this, the present study identified a novel LncRNA SNHG16/miR-17-5p/CCND1 signaling pathway that played an important role in regulating the pathogenesis of OSCC. Methods The expression levels of cancer-associated genes were examined by Real-Time qPCR and Western Blot at transcriptional and translated levels, respectively. CCK-8 assay was performed to determine cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis ratio was measured by the Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay. Transwell assay was performed to examine cell migration, and dual-luciferase reporter gene system assay was used to validate the ceRNA networks. Results LncRNA SNHG16 and CCND1 were upregulated, while miR-17-5p was downregulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines, compared to their normal counterparts. Also, miR-17-5p negatively correlated with both LncRNA SNHG16 and CCND1 mRNA, but LncRNA SNHG16 was positively relevant to CCND1 mRNA in OSCC tissues. By performing the gain- and loss-of-function experiments, we noticed that LncRNA SNHG16 overexpression aggravated the malignant phenotypes, such as cell proliferation, viability, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in OSCC cells, while LncRNA SNHG16 knock-down had opposite effects. Furthermore, our dual-luciferase reporter gene system evidenced that LncRNA SNHG16 sponged miR-17-5p to upregulate CCND1 in OSCC cells, and the inhibiting effects of LncRNA SNHG16 ablation on OSCC progression were abrogated by both downregulating miR-17-5p and overexpressing CCND1. Finally, the xenograft tumor-bearing mice models were established, and our data validated that LncRNA SNHG16 served as an oncogene to promote tumorigenicity of OSCC cells in vivo. Conclusion Taken together, targeting the LncRNA SNHG16/miR-17-5p/CCND1 axis hindered the development of OSCC, and this study provided potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for OSCC in clinic.

Streptococcus salivarius K12 is a kind of bacteria that settled in the mucosal epithelium of human mouth and nasopharynx shortly after human birth. It is found that Streptococcus salivarius K12 is a probiotic beneficial to human health. Many studies have confirmed that Streptococcus salivarius K12 has bioactive effects against oral and oropharyngeal inflammation and infection, dental caries, halitosis and oral epithelial damage. This paper reviews the research progress of Streptococcus salivarius K12 in the prevention and treatment of oral and oropharyngeal diseases.

*These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Targeting the long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs)-microRNAs (miRNAs)mRNA competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks has been proved as an effective strategy to treat multiple cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Based on this, the present study identified a novel LncRNA SNHG16/miR-17-5p/CCND1 signaling pathway that played an important role in regulating the pathogenesis of OSCC. Methods: The expression levels of cancer-associated genes were examined by Real-Time qPCR and Western Blot at transcriptional and translated levels, respectively. CCK-8 assay was performed to determine cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis ratio was measured by the Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay. Transwell assay was performed to examine cell migration, and dual-luciferase reporter gene system assay was used to validate the ceRNA networks. Results: LncRNA SNHG16 and CCND1 were upregulated, while miR-17-5p was downregulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines, compared to their normal counterparts. Also, miR17-5p negatively correlated with both LncRNA SNHG16 and CCND1 mRNA, but LncRNA SNHG16 was positively relevant to CCND1 mRNA in OSCC tissues. By performing the gainand loss-of-function experiments, we noticed that LncRNA SNHG16 overexpression aggravated the malignant phenotypes, such as cell proliferation, viability, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in OSCC cells, while LncRNA SNHG16 knockdown had opposite effects. Furthermore, our dual-luciferase reporter gene system evidenced that LncRNA SNHG16 sponged miR-17-5p to upregulate CCND1 in OSCC cells, and the inhibiting effects of LncRNA SNHG16 ablation on OSCC progression were abrogated by both downregulating miR-17-5p and overexpressing CCND1. Finally, the xenograft tumorbearing mice models were established, and our data validated that LncRNA SNHG16 served as an oncogene to promote tumorigenicity of OSCC cells in vivo. Conclusion: Taken together, targeting the LncRNA SNHG16/miR-17-5p/CCND1 axis hindered the development of OSCC, and this study provided potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for OSCC in clinic.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic disease that produces scars, tissue fibrosis, and precancerous lesions. Epidemiological studies have shown that chewing betel nut is the most significant risk factor for OSF. Many studies have also indicated that habits such as chewing and smoking tobacco and drinking alcohol increase the risk of OSF, which is widely recognized as an oral precancerous lesion or a potentially malignant oral disorder. Pathological characteristics include chronic inflammation, excessive collagen deposition in the connective tissues below the oral mucous epithelium and local inflammation in the lamina propria or deep connective tissues. OSF patients have a 7%~30% chance of developing oral cancer. Submucosal local injection of triamcinolone and tanshinone was mainly used for the treatment of oral submucosal fibrosis. This treatment improves mouth opening and alleviates the burning sensation in OSF, and the treatment efficacy was as high as 93%. The article will discuss the occurrence, development, diagnosis and treatment of oral submucous fibrosis for clinical management by the medical community.

目的 研究海南省口腔黏膜疾病发病规律,为临床预防及诊疗提供流行病学依据.方法 选取2011年10月至2020年5月中南大学湘雅医学院附属海口医院就诊的口腔黏膜疾病患者4 347例,收集临床资料,对患者发病情况、病种分布、性别、年龄及民族构成进行分析.结果 4 347例患者中男女比例接近1∶1,21～30岁年龄段口腔黏膜疾病最多发,疾病分类中占比前3位的分别为唇舌疾病(1 515例次,31.05％),溃疡类疾病(1 492例次,30.57％)和斑纹类疾病(1 282例次,26.27％).常见的口腔黏膜伴发类疾病为口腔黏膜下纤维性变伴发口腔白斑,伴发率51.6％.结论 海南地区唇炎发病率较高,黏膜下纤维性变高发于年轻男性,需进行针对性预防工作.

The role of multidisciplinary collaborative diagnosis and treatment (MDT) in improving the prognosis of colorectal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer and other tumors has been proven, but the research of oral cancer MDT is still in the exploratory stage and has not formed a complete conceptual system and operating mode. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the main malignant tumors of the head and neck, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 50%. This article mainly elaborates on the difficulties of oral cancer treatment, the advantages of MDT, and the progress of oral cancer MDT.

Background and Objectives Aggressive resection of buccal cancer simultaneously leaves both oral and lateral facial defects. It is unknown whether a perforator-based chimeric anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap, with a muscular component, is suitable for the reconstruction of these complicated defects. Methods In this retrospective study, 48 patients with a buccal carcinoma (T2 N0-1 M0), who underwent extensive surgical resection, were enrolled. Twenty-seven cases underwent reconstruction using the classical ALT perforator flap (classical group), and 21 cases used the chimeric ALT perforator flap with vastus lateralis muscle mass (chimeric group). The incidence of wound infection, lower limb extremity function, facial appearance, survival curves, and quality of life were compared between groups. Results The incidence of wound infection or effusion was lower in the chimeric group than in the classical group. The aesthetic result achieved in the chimeric group was better than in the classical group. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in the function of the donor site between groups. Conclusions The chimeric ALT perforator flap, with a muscular component, can reconstruct both the oral and lateral face defects accurately. It sustains the profile of the lateral face and decreases the incidence of wound infection.

目的:总结中南大学湘雅医院口腔颌面外科开展日间手术的临床经验,探讨日间手术在口腔颌面外科的应用效果与安全性.方法:回顾分析2014年7月-2019年6月在中南大学湘雅医院日间手术中心进行治疗的所有口腔颌面外科患者的临床资料,包括患者年龄、性别、疾病名称、麻醉与手术方式或取消原因、住院时间、延期出院原因、术后并发症发生情况及医疗费用等.选取其中手术量最多的8种疾病,以普通住院病房为对照,比较同类型疾病平均住院时间与医疗费用的差异.采用SPSS 23.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析.结果:在纳入研究期间的5年内,中南大学湘雅医院共完成口腔颌面外科日间手术2018例,疾病类型以口腔颌面部软组织肿物、牙及颌骨病变、唾液腺疾病为主.患者年龄2～77岁,平均34.45岁,男女比例为6:4.手术取消率1.13％,术后并发症发生率0.64％,平均住院时间0.89 d,延迟出院率0.40％.与普通病房相比,同类型疾病住院时间与医疗费用均显著降低(P＜0.05).结论:口腔颌面外科能够实施日间手术的疾病类型多,患者依从性好,住院时间短,医疗资源利用率高.在规范管理的前提下,安全可行,值得进一步推广应用.

The cover image is based on the Original Article Application of a chimeric ALT perforator fl ap with vastus lateralis muscle mass in the reconstruction of the defects after radical resection of a buccal carcinoma: a retrospective clinical study by Feng Guo et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.25926.

Background Increasing studies have demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in tumor progression. However, the potential biological functions and clinical importance of Linc01234 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. Methods We evaluated the expression profile and prognostic value of Linc01234 in OSCC tissues by RT-qPCR. Then, functional in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the effects of Linc01234 on tumor growth, migration and invasion in OSCC. Mechanistically, RT-qPCR, bioinformatic analysis and dual luciferase reporter assays were performed to identify a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism involving Linc01234, miR-433-3p and PAK4. Results We found that Linc01234 was clearly upregulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines, and its level was positively associated with T stage, lymph node metastasis, differentiation and poor prognosis of patients with OSCC. Our results shown that Linc01234 inhibited cell proliferation and metastatic abilities in CAL27 and SCC25 cells following its knockdown. Mechanistic analysis indicated that Linc01234 may act as a ceRNA (competing endogenous RNA) of miR-433-3p to relieve the repressive effect of miR-433-3p on its target PAK4. Conclusions Our results indicated that Linc01234 promotes OSCC progression through the Linc01234/miR-433/PAK4 axis and might be a potential therapeutic target for OSCC.

目的:探讨人 β-防御素-3(hBD-3)在口腔黏膜下纤维性变(OSF)发生及癌变过程中的表达变化及其意义.方法:采用免疫组织化学以及实时荧光定量PCR技术检测10例正常口腔黏膜、22例OSF、13例伴OSF口腔鳞癌组织中hBD-3表达水平.结果:hBD-3蛋白在正常口腔黏膜、OSF、伴OSF口腔鳞癌组织中阳性表达率为40.00％、86.36％、100.00％(P<0.05).正常口腔黏膜、OSF、伴OSF口腔鳞癌组织中hBD-3 mRNA相对表达量分别为1.06±0.37、1.73±0.21、7.07±0.88(P<0.05).结论:hBD-3可能与OSF发生及其癌变有关.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is an oral mucous disease caused by betel quid chewing. It is controversial whether OSF can transform into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In this prospective study, a group of 567 patients with OSF were enrolled from 1986 to 2017 and followed-up until 2019. The cancerous information was collected and analyzed. OSF transformed into OSCC in 32 cases (32/567, 5.6%). The patient’s age ranged from 20 to 69 years, and the average age was 52 years. The time taken for transformation ranged from 2 to 24 years, the average being 8.6 years. The cancerous transformation occurred in 18 patients (56%) from years 2 to 9, in 13 patients (41%) from years 10–19 and in 1 patient (3%) from 24 years. We analyzed the betel quid chewing habits and found all 32 patients with OSCC-chewed betel quid. Betel quid chewing was most prevalent in patients aged 40–69 years. Sixteen patients had chewed betel quid for 10–19 years (16/32, 50%) and 19 patients (60%) chewed 10–19 slices each day. The OSCC was located in the left or right buccal regions in 23 patients (23/32; 72%) and in the left or right lingual regions in 4 patients (4/32; 12%). Well, moderately and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was present in 23 patients (23/32; 72%), 4 patients (3/32; 9%), and 5 patients (5/32; 16%), respectively. Our findings supported that OSF is a real oral premalignant disorder. The long duration of the transformation from the OSF to OSCC suggests more frequent examinations and corresponding treatments are necessary for OSF patients.

Background: Following primary repair of a cleft lip, patients present with many facial deformities. One of the commonly observed sequelae of cleft lip repair is a whistling deformity. This retrospective study was carried out to evaluate the outcomes following correction of whistling deformities in secondary cleft lip reconstruction. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the hospital records of patients with various whistling deformities who underwent repair from April 1989 to March 2018; 2 surgeons performed the repair using either the double movable mucomuscular complex flaps technique, modified Abbe flap technique, or Abbe flap technique. The postoperative anatomical structure and aesthetic effects of the surgery were evaluated. Results: In total, 136 patients were included in this study. Among these patients, 60 (44.2%) had a grade I whistling deformity and 47 (34.5%) had a grade II deformity and repair was performed using the double movable mucomuscular complex flaps technique and modified Abbe flap transfer technique, respectively, whereas the Abbe flap transfer technique was used in 16 patients (11.8%) and 13 patients (9.5%) with a grade III and grade IV whistling deformity, respectively. All patients were found to have normal postoperative anatomical structures and aesthetic effects of the upper lip, with all patients experiencing mild to moderate postoperative edema of the upper lip, and 29 cases (21.3%) developed an inconspicuous scar. Conclusion: The repair technique should be chosen based on the type of whistling deformity.

口腔黏膜下纤维性变(oral submucous fibrosis,OSF)是世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)国际癌症研究中心(International Agency for Research on Cancer,IARC)认定的口腔黏膜潜在的恶性病变.咀嚼槟榔可引起口腔黏膜下纤维性变,其发病与咀嚼槟榔的频率及时间有着密切的量效依赖关系.本文就口腔黏膜下纤维性变是否是一种口腔癌前病变,咀嚼槟榔导致口腔黏膜潜在的恶性病变,以及国外、中国大陆与台湾地区有关该病的研究作一概述,供口腔科医师参考.

目的 探讨长链非编码RNA HAND2-AS1在口腔鳞状细胞癌(oral squamous cell carcinoma,OSCC)中的表达,并检测其对OSCC细胞增殖和糖代谢的影响.方法 荧光实时定量PCR法检测HAND2-AS1在OSCC组织和细胞系内的表达水平.平板克隆实验和CCK-8法检测HAND2-AS1过表达对口腔癌细胞增殖的影响,并用葡萄糖摄取及乳酸分泌试剂盒检测其对糖代谢的影响.qRT-PCR和Western blot检测HAND2-AS1过表达对葡萄糖转运蛋白1(glucose transporter 1,GLUT1)的影响.结果 HAND2-AS1在OSCC组织和细胞系内的表达显著降低.HAND2-AS1过表达抑制口腔癌细胞增殖,降低了葡萄糖的摄取并减少了乳酸的分泌.过表达HAND2-AS1抑制糖代谢基因GLUT1的表达.结论 HAND2-AS1在口腔癌中低表达.过表达HAND2-AS1可降低GLUT1表达而抑制肿瘤糖代谢,进而影响OSCC细胞增殖.