BackgroundManaging fusiform aneurysms of the proximal (M1) segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is challenging due to difficulties in both surgical and endovascular treatment. In this study, we present our experience using flow diverter stents for managing unruptured M1 segment fusiform aneurysms.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of the database of our institution to identify all patients who underwent flow diversion treatment for unruptured M1 segment fusiform aneurysms. We collected data on patient demographics, aneurysm characteristics, complications, angiographic follow-up results, and clinical outcomes.ResultsA total of 10 patients (five male and five female patients) with 10 unruptured M1 segment fusiform aneurysms were included in the study. The average age of the patients was 48 years (range: 16–64 years); five patients had aneurysms smaller than 10 mm, four had aneurysms measuring between 10 and 25 mm, and one patient had an aneurysm larger than 25 mm. The successful deployment of flow-diverting stents was achieved in all cases. Procedure-related morbidity was observed in 10% of patients, but there were no deaths. All patients showed good outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score of 0–1); eight out of 10 patients had available follow-up angiography results with a mean follow-up period of 11.6 months (range: 6–24 months). Complete occlusion occurred in six out of eight reviewed cases (75%).ConclusionOur preliminary findings suggest that using flow diversion for treating unruptured fusiform aneurysms in the proximal MCA is feasible and safe, with a satisfactory rate of complete occlusion. However, further studies involving larger case series are needed to validate the durability and efficacy of this treatment approach.

初步观察Pipeline栓塞装置(PED)治疗大脑中动脉M1段未破裂夹层动脉瘤的临床疗效和安全性.回顾性分析2015年1月至2021年1月上海冬雷脑科医院神经外科采用PED治疗的6例(7个动脉瘤)大脑中动脉M1段未破裂夹层动脉瘤患者的临床资料.3例患者行弹簧圈辅助PED治疗,3例患者单纯行PED治疗.6例患者共置入6个PED,支架均释放成功.1例患者术后出现手术同侧脑实质血肿.6例患者随访时间的中位数为36个月(12～80个月).至末次随访,无动脉血栓栓塞事件,改良Rankin量表评分0分5例,1分1例;5例患者的6个动脉瘤O'Kelly-Marotta(OKM)分级D级愈合,1例患者的单发动脉瘤OKM分级B级愈合.

Our objective of this study is to determine the molecular mechanism of MAPKs (mitogen activated protein kinase systems) on TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4)-mediated trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Partial chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION) ligation model was used in this research. When treated with antagonists of p38, JNK or ERK, the mechanical hyperalgesia threshold, nerve fiber disorder, myelinoclasis, and Schwann cells proliferation could be reversed. RT-PCR (real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction), Western blot and IHC (immunohistochemistry) showed that TRPV4 mRNA and protein levels, TRPV4-positive cells and small positive neurons decreased remarkably in TN group treated with antagonists of p38, JNK or ERK. ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) was performed to discover inhibition of MAPK pathway can down-regulate the expression of HATs (histone acetyltransferases), and up-regulate the expression of HDACs (histone deacetylases) in TN, thus inhibiting histone acetylation. Finally, Western blot was performed to identify the phosphorylation status of p38, JNK and ERK, finding decreased phosphorylation forms in antagonists treated TN groups compared with TN groups. Based on the above investigation method, on a whole, our study showed that down-regulation of MAPK pathway could alleviate TRPV4-mediated trigeminal neuralgia, via inhibiting the activation of histone acetylation.