[目的]探究不同颜色产卵介质对蠋蝽产卵习性的影响,为蠋蝽规模化繁殖提供科学依据.[方法]在室内条件下探索6种不同颜色产卵介质(白色为对照组)对蠋蝽产卵习性的影响.[结果]蠋蝽在6种不同颜色产卵介质的环境中产卵量在100～130粒,无显著差异;产卵次数5～6次,也无显著差异;产卵期存在显著差异,经LSD比较,在绿色产卵介质中产卵期最短为25.20 d,对照组产卵期最长为35.46 d.[结论]蠋蝽在绿色产卵介质的环境中,产卵效率显著提高.该研究结果为人工规模化蠋蝽饲养提供理论指导.

[Objective]To screen the new variety of flue-cured tobacco.[Method]With Yunyan 87 as the control,adaptability demonstration of Yunyan 105 in flue-cured tobacco of Shuicheng County was carried out in 2016-2017.[Result]Topping stage of Yunyan 105 was 13-14 d later than that of control.Yunyan 105 showed poor tolerance to maturity,it was easily affected by powdery mildew.Plant height of Yunyan 105 at top-ping and the remained leaves were 25 cm and 4 leaves greater than those of control.Compared with the control,the single leaf weight of Yunyan 105 was 2.65 g greater,stem content was 1.07 percentage points lower,leaf area density was 12.50 g/m2larger.The safety and flammability of Yunyan 105 were superior to those of control,belonging to middle incense type.The quality of Yunyan 105 was middle +,strength was moderate+,and concenration was middle +.[Conclusion]Further adaptability demonstration was suggested to be carried out.

在水城县盐井烤烟片区对主要害虫定点监测.结果显示,烟青虫在打顶期达到峰值,近3头/盒,烟株打顶后逐渐减少;小地老虎在4月底达到峰值,达14头/盒,严重影响本片区大田烟株移栽安全,随着烟株生长危害有减轻趋势;整个调查期斜纹夜蛾都有发生,至4月下旬达到峰值并持续到6月上旬,近12头/盒,损害烟株叶片,影响产量形成;烟蚜在5月底6月初达到峰值,此阶段烟株处于团棵至旺长期,烟蚜数量的增加阻碍烟株的正常生长,同时可能传播携带的烟草病毒,严重影响烟株安全.此监测对产区烤烟虫害预防提供参考.

2016-2017年通过对云烟99在水城烤烟生产上的应用价值分析,与对照云烟87相比,云烟99结果表现:同年各大田生育期与对照相当;易感白粉病,产值量偏低;叶面积大于对照品种,单叶重大于对照3.49克;其含梗率和叶面密度均低于对照0.88个百分点和3.94g/m2;总糖含量和钾含量大于对照达2.13和0.49个百分点;其烟碱、还原糖、总氮和氯含量均低于对照0.97、0.91、0.07和0.40个百分点;云烟99属"中间"香型,劲头"适中+",浓度"中等+",质量档次为"中等+".

采取随机排列法,在水城县野钟乡响石村开展烟叶耐熟性评价试验.结果表明,各处理间烟株上二棚叶至顶叶采烤时期有3～4 d间隔,田间整齐度、大田生长势、成熟特性各处理间均无差异.其中,处理2(中部叶采烤标准:黄色显绿,主脉黄白,支脉黄白,主支脉发亮,成熟斑少见;上部叶采烤标准:黄色,主脉黄白,支脉黄白,主支脉发亮,部分焦尖焦边,有成熟斑)的采烤时间为66 d,产量、产值、均价、上等烟比例均优于其他2个处理.

以烤烟品种云烟87为研究材料,在水城县野钟乡响石村大寨组开展不同铵态氮与硝态氮配比试验.结果表明,3个氮素形态配比中,在一定范围内随着硝态氮比列的提高,烟株的生育期、农艺性状、经济性状均有不同程度提升.其中以50％硝态氮+50％铵态氮处理综合表现最优.

在贵州省水城县开展烤烟品种云烟105的适应性研究,结果表明:云烟105田间生长整齐,打顶株高134 cm,大田生育期148 d,抗黑胫病、青枯病、花叶病,中感白粉病,产量63361.60 kg/hm2,综合表现高于对照云烟87.

The varieties comparison experiment of characteristic flue-cured tabacco were conducted in Shuicheng County of Guizhou Province,the results showed that comprehensive performance of the variety Honghuadajinyuan 2 was better than other varieties in economic traits and inner qualities,followed by varieties GY0903、GY8,the three varieties were adaptable to be extended in Shuicheng County.