皮下脂膜炎病因较为复杂,是由局部、全身或系统性疾病引起的皮下脂肪炎症改变.本文收集近年来我院经病理证实的皮下脂膜炎9例,结合国内外文献报道及病理结果回顾性分析该病的超声及CT表现,旨在提高对其影像学的认识.

Objective To investigate the CT and MRI finding of extrapleural solitary fibrous tumor (ESFT) to improve the preoperative diagnostic ability of such tumors. Methods The clinical data and CT/MRI finding of 11 ESFT patients confirmed by pathology from January 2007 to June 2018 in Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University were retrospectively analyzed. CT scan was performed in 9 cases and MRI scan in 4 cases. Results Of the 11 patients with ESFT, 6 cases occurred in the abdominal cavity, 3 cases in the cavitas pelvis and 2 cases in the ocular region. All the tumors were solitary, and the maximum diameter of the lesion was (8.3 ± 4.2) cm. The boundary of the tumor was clear in 7 cases, and the boundary was not clear in 4 cases. The tumor form was circular or fusiform in 6 cases and lobulated in 5 cases (some tumors had notch sign). CT scanning presented isodensity or inhomogeneous low density, including 4 cases of cystic degeneration accompanied by inner grid separation, and 3 cases of patchy calcification. The enhanced scanning mass showed 6 cases of geographic enhancement and 7 cases of earthworm drilling soil. MRI T1WI showed slightly lower signal intensity; T2WI fat-suppression sequences showed slightly higher mixed signal intensity in 2 cases and an iso-to high mixed signal intensity in 2 cases; and DWI showed uneven high signal intensity in 3 cases. The solid part of the enhanced scanning showed'fast enhancement and slow washout'. Conclusions ESFT is usually manifested as isolated mass, and its CT and MRI finding has certain characteristics, especially in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the disease, such as geographic enhancement and earthworm drilling soil signs.

目的：寻找1.5T磁共振弥散成像在早期前列腺癌诊断的最佳b值。方法：回顾性分析我院305例前列腺MR检查资料,经手术病理证实的前列腺癌59例,其中早期前列腺癌36例,前列腺增生56例,前列腺炎8例。扫描序列采用T1WI、T2WI和DWI扫描,b值选用800 s/mm^2 121例,b值同时选用1000s/mm^2、1200 s/mm^2、1500 s/mm^2184例。测量DWI高信号区ADC值及观察ADC图。结果：27例外周腺体前列腺癌有1例误诊,而3例中央移行带前列腺增生误诊为前列腺癌,其中2例为b值选用800 s/mm^2时,1例为选用高b值时,而有4例前列腺增生误诊为前列腺癌,其中3例为b值选用800 s/mm^2时,1例为选用b值为1000 s/mm^2时。结论：磁共振弥散加权成像选用不同的b值对早期前列腺疾病的准确率各不相同,总体说来1.5T MR DWI检查选用b值为1500 s/mm^2诊断中央移行带前列腺癌的准确率高于其他b值;而良恶性ADC值临界点因b值的高低而不同,高b值者ADC值临界点低于低b值;且ADC值低者其Gleason分级分值高,呈负相关。

近年来随着我国老龄人群的增加和生活方式的改变，前列腺癌（prostate cancer， Pca）发病率呈上升趋势，早期并准确诊断有助于制定有效的治疗方案。目前磁共振是前列腺病变较理想的影像学检查方法。由于前列腺增生和前列腺癌是前列腺的两种主要病变，常规 T2WI、T1WI 平扫和动态增强扫描对两者的鉴别有一定的局限性，扩散加权成像技术是最有发展潜力和临床应用价值的成像方法。本文探讨1．5T MRI 下 DWI技术结合表观弥散系数值（apparent dif usion coef icient，ADC）对 Pca 鉴别诊断的价值。1 对象与方法

Objective To assess the effectiveness of uterine arterial embolization for the treatment of hysteromyomas and to discuss the factors related to the clinical results.Methods Super-selective uterine arterial embolization was performed in forty-five patients with hysteromyomas.Of 45 patients,multiple hysteromyomas were seen in 36 and solitary lesion in 9.The lesion was located at the myometrium in 41 cases,among them coexisted endometrioma was found in 5 cases and coexisted submucosal myoma in 2.The lesion was located submucous layer in the remaining 4 cases.The diagnosis was confirmed by imaging study and gynecological examination.After the operation,ultrasonography and laboratory tests were carried out in all patients to observe the tumor size,hormone levels and hemoglobin concentration.Results A total of 91 uterine arteries were found in 45 patients,including double left uterine arteries in one case.Successful catheterization was obtained in 87 arteries(95.6%).All forty-five patients were followed up for 6-36 months.Six months after the procedure the mean reduction of the tumor size was 69.3%,and the lesion completely disappeared in two cases.In the anemic patients the hemoglobin concentration returned to normal level.The main side-effects included low fever and pain at lower abdomen.Conclusion Uterine arterial embolization is a safe and effective treatment for hysteromyomas.

Objective:To evaluate the CT for localization and characterization of female pelvic lesions.Methods:CT findings in 125 cases of pelvic lesions proved surgically and pathologically were reviewed retrospectively.Results:Among 125 cases of pelvic lesion in this group,ovarian cyst was found in 24 cases,ovarian teratoma in 22,uterine leiomyoma in 21,ovarian cystadenoma in 11,uterine lipoma in 1,ovarian sclerosing stromal fibroma in 1,retroperitioneal neurilemmoma in 1,mesenteric intestinal neurofiroma in 1,small intestine hemangiopericytoma in 1,placental villus bleb-like degeneration in 1.There were ovarian cystadeno-carcinoma in 13,postoperative ovarian recurrent lesions in 6,ovarian metastatic cancer in 4,cervical carcinoma in 4,small intestinal leiomyosarcoma in 2,granulosacell tumor in 1,ovarian malignant teratoma in 1,hydatidiform mole in 1;ectopic pregnancy in 3,pelvis abscess in 2,pelvis tuberculosis in 2,pelvis hematomas in 2.Conlusion:CT had significant values in most female pelvic lesions.However some patients had atypical CT findings that are difficult in the localization or characterization of the lesions.