为解决复烤企业分选与打叶复烤进度不匹配的问题,提升打叶复烤企业烟叶工业分级的质量与效率,对现行的42等级烤烟因素进行筛选及重组,创建了基于工业分选生产的新指标因素,并构建了快速分选方法.结果表明,运用新的工业分选因素及快速分选方法后烟叶分选质量、分选效率明显提高,分选合格率稳定在80%以上,类别间外观质量梯度明显,化学成分规律分明,分选效率由2担/(人·d)增至5担/(人·d).

为研究精细化分选对打叶复烤均质化加工的影响,选取初烤烟单等级原料,设置不分选、普选及精片选3种分选模式,分析原料、分选后及打叶复烤后烟叶各类指标的变化情况.结果表明:(1)精片选是对普选的进一步细分,无质量交叉情况,提高了原料的使用价值;(2)分选越精细,烟叶等级越高,打叶复烤前原料和打叶复烤后成品的水分、化学成分及叶片结构均匀性的控制效果也越好;(3)精片选不仅不会降低烟叶的使用价值,还可以进一步提升烟叶精细化的利用程度,充分挖掘烟叶的使用潜能,提升片烟原料的保障能力.

为提高烤烟C2F收购等级合格率与本部位正组率,抽检统计主要的问题,从分级、预检、收购、管理等方面分析问题症结,从培训、人力、流程、追溯、目标等方向探讨并实施收购质量提高的途径.结果表明,对策实施后烤烟C2F的等级合格率与本部位正组率得到明显提升,波动有所降低.

综述了除肥料种类外的生产农艺措施调控烤烟营养吸收利用的研究成果,主要包括施肥方式、精准平衡施肥、高肥效品种、生理调控、轮作方式及其他农艺措施等对调控烤烟营养吸收利用的效果,指出了需关注的主要问题,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望.

[Objective]To rationalize the sequence of threshing and redrying in different place of production and relieve the pressure of the inventory.[Method]Changes of physical properties of three origins (Fujian,Anhui and Sichuan) of C2F in the natural alcoholization process were studied.[Result]As the alcoholization went, leaf physical properties of three origins of C2F had different change trend.During the whole of natural alcoholization process, the leaf thickness and leaf weight reduced, the opposite change was observed for equilibrium moisture content.Changes in the tensile strength and elongation of three varieties varied.According to climatic conditions, physical properties and actual situation, the optimum deadline of redrying for the C2F of Fujian and Anhui was March, for Sichuan was April.[Conclusion]The study can provide a theoretical basis for scientifically setting up the threshing and redrying technological parameters.

To shorten the time needed for setting the threshing system, the relationships between the physical characteristics of tobacco leaves and the technological parameters of threshing and pneumatic separation were investigated with stepwise regression, partial correlation, path analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that: 1)The stepwise regression equation for the physical characteristics and the technological parameters reached a significant level. 2)The rotational speed of the first stage threshing drum should be elevated with the increase of leaf temperature leaving the second stage ordering cylinder; the rotational speed of the fourth stage threshing drum should be lowered, while that of the third one should be elevated with the increase of moisture content in leaves; the rotational speed of the first stage threshing drum should be elevated, while that of the fourth one should be lowered with the increase of leaf thickness; the rotational speed of the second stage threshing drum should be elevated with the increase of leaf width; however, leaf length had nothing to do with the drum's speed. 3)Air velocity in all the pneumatic separators should be set higher with the increase of moisture content in leaves leaving the second stage ordering cylinder; the first stage pneumatic separator downstream the second stage thresher should be set at higher air velocity with the increase of leaf thickness. 4)On the basis of physical indexes obtained from stepwise regression and combining with the rotational speed of threshing drum and the air velocity in pneumatic separator, fifteen of nineteen samples were divided into four categories, the leaves in the same category were processed with similar technical parameters; while the other four samples were processed by different parameters.

The variation of each indicator of strip structure from Liaoning, Henan, Sichuan and Fujian were investigated with correlation analysis. The results showed that among the four batches, the indicators and the stability of strips from Fujian were the best, while the stability of strips from Henan was the worst. The variation rules of each indicator of strip structure within the same batch and between different batches were different, namely the long and medium particle (>12.70 mm) rate increased with increasing long particle (over 25.40 mm) rate, while the medium particle (12.70~25.40 mm) rate decreased;the other indexes changed not obviously with increasing medium particle rate and decreasing long particle rate;the long particle rate and the rate of particle over 6.35 mm increased with increasing long and medium particle rate; the long and medium particle rate increased and the fine particle (<3.18 mm) rate decreased with increasing rate of particle over 6.35 mm. The thick stalk rate and the stem rate in lamina had the same variation rule. In the process of tobacco threshing and redrying, the long particle rate should be controlled, the medium particle rate should be increased, and the stem rate in lamina should be decreased.