骨质疏松症常见于老年男性和绝经后的妇女,是一种全身性骨病.随着全球人口老龄化进程的加快,骨质疏松症患者人数逐年递增,已成为备受瞩目的健康问题.冬虫夏草是一味名贵中药材,有多种化学成分和广泛的药理作用.已有研究表明冬虫夏草及其提取物对骨质疏松症有治疗作用,但其作用机制并不清楚.笔者从中医药对冬虫夏草的认识、骨质疏松症的发病机制、冬虫夏草及其提取物治疗骨质疏松症的药理作用等3个方面,分析了冬虫夏草治疗骨质疏松症的药理机制,为冬虫夏草制品的转化应用提供参考.

目的 研究冬虫夏草提取液(CSE)对辐照诱导小鼠睾丸组织氧化损伤的保护机制.方法 50只C57BL/6雄性小鼠按数字表法随机分为5组,分别为未辐照组(Control组)、辐照组(Model组)、低剂量CSE组(CSE-L组)、中剂量CSE组(CSE-M组)和高剂量CSE组(CSE-H组),每组各10只.除Control组外,其余组均以单次8 Gy 60Coγ射线全身辐照小鼠建立睾丸损伤模型.CSE-L、CSE-M、CSE-H组小鼠每日灌胃给药1次,生药剂量分别为312.5、625.0、1250.0 mg/ml,持续给药28 d.检测不同生药剂量的CSE对辐照后小鼠体重、睾丸组织中丙二醛(MDA)水平及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力的影响,并对Control、Model组、CSE-H组小鼠的睾丸组织进行了苏木精伊红(HE)染色病理学、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)染色、凋亡相关基因的检测.结果 与Control组相比,Model组小鼠睾丸组织SOD活力减弱、MDA水平上升,表明造模成功;与Model组相比,不同剂量的CSE均能显著改善上述辐照损伤指标(P<0.05).HE、MPO染色结果显示,CSE-H组中辐照诱导的小鼠睾丸组织切片结构损伤明显改善,炎性浸润显著降低.此外,与Control组对比,Model组小鼠睾丸组织抗氧化基因PARP1基因mRNA相对表达量明显上升,GSH-Px、CAT基因mRNA表达水平明显降低(均P<0.01).CSE治疗后,PARP1基因mRNA相对表达量明显下降(P<0.01),GSH-Px基因mRNA相对表达量明显上升(P<0.01).结论 高剂量CSE对电离辐照导致的睾丸组织氧化损伤有保护作用.

目的 研究恬梦复合植物固体饮料对小鼠睡眠的影响.方法 取ICR(institute of cancer research)种小鼠180只,将180只小鼠随机分为3个实验组,每个实验组60只.各组中再以随机分组法分为低、中、高剂量组(0.5、1、2 g/kg)、阳性药物(枣仁安神胶囊)组以及空白对照组各12只.无间断灌胃给药30 d,测定恬梦复合植物固体饮料对小鼠睡眠的影响.结果 各剂量恬梦复合植物固体饮料对小鼠均无直接睡眠作用;与空白对照组相比,中剂量(1 g/kg)以及高剂量(2 g/kg)的实验药物可以明显增加戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时长(P<0.05),缩短小鼠在巴比妥钠作用下的睡眠潜伏期(P<0.05).结论 恬梦复合植物固体饮料具有改善小鼠睡眠的功能.

Cordyceps sinensis (CS) is a traditional Chinese medicine that is known for treating various diseases, and particularly for exerting therapeutic effects in immune disorders. The adaptive immunoregulatory effects of CS aqueous extract (CSAE) on γ‐irradiated mice have not been reported previously. The study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of CSAE in mice immunosuppressed by irradiation. We observed that CSAE administration significantly increased body weight and spleen index, as well as the number of white blood cells, lymphocytes, and platelets in peripheral blood, T and B lymphocytes in spleen tissue, and total serum immunoglobulins in irradiated mice, whereas total serum pro‐inflammatory cytokine levels were decreased. Collectively, CSAE maintained the structural integrity of spleen tissue and repaired its damage in irradiated mice as shown by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and decreased the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick end labeling‐positive splenocytes. Mechanistically, CSAE upregulated Bcl‐2, and downregulated Bax and cleaved caspase‐3 in spleen of irradiated mice. However, there were no significant differences in red blood cells and neutrophils in different groups. The results revealed that CSAE had protective effects against irradiation‐induced immunosuppression, which was likely associated with an antiapoptotic effect and the regulation of adaptive immunity.

通过改进惰性粉(特别是食品级惰性粉)的施用方法并结合利用其他绿色环保技术,探索符合基层粮库实际应用的绿色储粮技术新措施,全面减少储粮药剂对仓储人员及仓储环境的影响。结果表明,散装粮实仓施用惰性粉时,利用喷粉机、鼓风机与下行式(负压)储粮通风设施的仓外喷粉操作系统,结合黑光诱杀虫灯防治粮面害虫,环保、安全、经济,能有效控制储粮害虫,实现绿色储粮的目的。