为提高玉米产量,选育适宜贵州生态区域种植的杂交玉米新品种,丰富农户对杂交玉米新品种的选择,以毕节惠农科技有限公司采用自交系SC122作母本,自交系HN0913作父本,组配成产量高、抗性强的白粒杂交种惠农单3号,并进行田间试验.结果表明:惠农单3号在2019—2020年贵州省玉米区域试验中,2年平均单产10495.5 kg/hm2,比对照贵单8号9396 kg/hm2增产1099.5 kg/hm2,增产12.03％,15试点11增4减,增产点占总试点数73.3％.惠农单3号全生育期135 d,株高259.98 cm,穗位高119.97 cm,穗长18.34 cm,穗粗5.07 cm,穗行数16.32行,行粒数35.5粒,秃尖度0.9 cm,百粒重37.5 g,单穗粒重226.6 g;筒型果穗,马齿型籽粒、白色穗轴,白色籽粒.高抗茎腐病,抗大斑病、灰斑病,中抗纹枯病、丝黑穗病.惠农单3号具有产量高、抗性强等特点,适应在贵州省海拔1700 m以下中上等土壤范围内推广应用.

毕节市苹果林地资源丰富,为充分发挥林菌栽培模式经济效益,从苹果林地选择与整地、菌种选择、播种、日常管理、出菇管理、病虫害防治等方面介绍了羊肚菌苹果林下种植技术要点,为毕节市推广林下羊肚菌栽培提供技术支撑.

近年来毕节市羊肚菌栽培面积迅速扩大,通过对毕节市野生羊肚菌资源的分布情况及生境的调查研究,发现毕节市的高海拔冷凉气候特点造就了丰富的野生羊肚菌资源,是发展羊肚菌产业的优势条件.本文作者就毕节市羊肚菌产业发展情况,野生羊肚菌驯化过程中菌种制备、耕地选择、栽培技术及田间管理等进行了介绍.

惠农单15是毕节市七星关区惠农玉米育种科学研究所采用自交系SC122作母本、HN1001作父本选育成的杂交玉米新品种.在2015-2016年贵州省玉米区域试验中,2年平均单产814.95 kg/667 m2,比对照贵单8号711.95 kg/667 m2增产103 kg/667 m2,增产率14.6％;生育期127 d,株高295 cm,穗位高138 cm,穗长20 cm,穗行数15.9行;籽粒黄白色、马齿型,千粒重421 g.容重753 g/L,粗蛋白10.23％,粗脂肪4.49％,粗淀粉73.67％,赖氨酸0.31％.该品种具有抗大斑、小斑、灰斑病等优点,2017年7月通过贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定(审定编号:黔审玉2017007),适宜在贵阳、安顺、毕节、黔西南、六盘水范围内推广应用.

Huinongdan 2,a new hybrid maize variety was bred from B047 (introduced line)× Hui 0901(self-bred line)by Bijie Huinong Institute of Maize Breeding to breed new hybrid maize varieties with high yield,stable yield and high quality for the ecological condition of Guizhou.The average yield of Huinongdan 2 is 682.9 kg/667m2 in Guizhou maize regional tests during 2012-2013,12.5% higher than CK (Guidan 8).Huinongdan 2 with 129d growth period,261cm height,116cm ear height,19.6cm ear length,15.9 ear rows,385g thousand grain weight,784g/L volume-weight,9.14% crude protein,5.06%crude fat,72.91% crude starch,0.28% lysine,good quality and strong resistance to stem rot was approved by Guizhou Crops Variety Examination Committee in June,2014.

The explant disinfection experiment adopts orchid buds as the tissue culture materials.The results indicate that: after the explant is soaked in 70% alcohol for 30s,and disinfected in 10% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15 ～ 20 min or in 0.5% HgCl2 solution for 5 ～ 8 min,the pollution rate of explant can be effectively reduced,and the survival rate can be increased.

通过沼液不同浸种时间、用量的育秧试验,结果表明,水稻沼液浸种时间24～44h,有利于种子新陈代谢,芽齐芽壮,提高成秧率,增加单位面积有效穗,抑制病害发生,增加产量;水稻育秧时每667m2苗床用1000～2000kg沼渣能有效改良土壤,补充水稻生长中对N、P、K的需求,降低成本,增加效益,确保产品质量安全。

为莲花白的科学合理施肥提供依据，采用“3414”肥效施肥试验设计，对其进行了肥料效应田间试验。结果表明：从肥料成本投入所能获得的最大效益考虑，各试验最佳施肥量：高肥力试验施纯N259．5kg/hm^2,B0，135kg/hm^2和K20308．7kg/hm^2，可获莲花白产量73556．85kg/hm^2；中肥力试验施纯N193．2kg/hm^2-P2O583．55kg/hm^2和K20192．15kg/hm^2，可获莲花白产量61167．3kg/hm^2。

[Objective] The aim was to explore the higher yield optimal fertilization ratio and establish ferilization guidance mathematical model in ecological environment like Bijie City of Guizhou Province.[Method]Through tests of vegetable potato Xuanshu3 by "3414"formula fertilization,analyzed the optimum ratio of fertilization.[Result]The results showed that the medium fertility tests applied. N fertilizer 210.3 kg/hm^2,the P fertilizer 36.3kg/hm^2,K fertilizer 413.1kg/hm^2,available potato 18 146.1kg/hm^2.Low fertility tests applied N fertilizer 117.15 kg/hm^2,P fertilizer 79.8kg/hm^2,K fertilizer 191.55kg/hm^2,could obtain potato 18 610.35kg/hm^2.High fertility tests plots due to higher basic soil N content could meet the demand for potato growth stage of N elements,so no application.The best fertilization was applied P fertilizer 242.7kg/hm^2.K fertilizer 522.3kg/hm^2,could obtain the production of potato 18 648.15kg/hm^2.[Result]The results provided guidance to field production.

Using ball cabbage cultivar Jingfeng No.1 as experiment material and "3414" field fertilizer experiment design scheme,the effect of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the yield of ball cabbage and the optimum fertilizer formula were studied.The results showed that the yield of ball cabbage could reach to 73 556.9 kg/hm2 in high fertility soil when the dose N,P2O5,and K2O were 259.5,135.0,and 299.6 kg/hm2 respectively;and the yield could be 61 167.3 kg/hm2 in middle fertility soil when the dose of N,P2O5,and K2O were 193.2,83.6,and 192.2 kg/hm2.

[Object] The aim of this research was to test the effect of the best fertilizer rales of cabbage in different soil tertility levels in practical application and Io guide the production in large tracts of land. [Method] Non-fertilizing,conventinnal fertilization and formula fertilization treatments were taken on the high fertility and medium fertility soil, the soil testing and formulated fertilization on vegetable cabbage yield and economic effect were studied. [Result] The results showd that in the high fertility test formula fertilization plot, comparing with the eonventional fertilization plot, the yield rate was increased and reached 4.8%, anti comparing with the non-fertilizing plot, the yield rate reached 22.4%. in the medium fertility test formula plot. comparing with the conventional fertilization plot, the yield rate reached 4.3%, and comparing with the non-fertilizing plot, the yield rate reached 26.8%. The production was increased greatly, and the economic benefit is obvious. [Conclusion] In the future,the fertilizer technology should be popularized in cabbage production, since it not only increase the production and the benefits but also improve the fertilizer using efficiency and reduce the fertilizer pollution to the environment, which is of far-reaching significance to the sustainable development of agriculture.

沼肥中含有丰富的有机质、腐殖酸及氮、磷、钾、钠、钙等多种营养元素,为提高毕节市水稻生产上应用沼肥的水平,促进粮食增收,于2005年进行了试验.

随着沼气池建设的发展,不断推广"三沼"综合利用,提高沼气建设的综合效益成为当前沼气建设的重要课题.为此,在上级部门的支持下,我们于2005年开展了沼肥在水稻上应用试验,结果如下:

毕节市自2001年开始实施沼气工程以来,至今已发展沼气池6000余口.为进一步提高沼肥在水稻生产上的应用水平,促进粮食增产.2005年特开展本试验.

绿肥是我国传统有机农业的重要组成部分,广大劳动人民素有利用树木青技嫩叶和萝卜青、豌豆青、胡豆青等压田的传统习惯,因而有了"有收无收在于水、收多收少在于肥"之说,大量事实证明:发展绿肥生产,建立山区"以有机肥为主,有机肥和化肥与植物生长调节剂配合施用"的平衡配套施肥体系,是发展山区持续农业,生态农业的战略措施.