启优2165系福建省农业科学院水稻研究所利用优质抗病三系不育系启源A与优质抗病恢复系福恢2165配组育成的杂交晚稻新组合.该组合具有熟期早、抗稻瘟病、米质优等特点,2020年通过福建省农作物品种审定.介绍了启优2165的选育过程、特征特性、栽培及制种技术要点.

榕夏S是福建省农业科学院水稻研究所以海S为母本与保持系福农B杂交育成的优质籼型水稻温敏核不育系,具有株叶形态好、柱头外露率高、米质优、育性转换起点温度低等特点,2020年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定.

秝S是福建省农业科学院水稻研究所以RGD-7S为母本与保持系福农B杂交育成的籼型水稻温敏核不育系,具有茎秆粗壮、穗大粒多、中抗稻瘟病、育性转换起点温度低等特点,2021年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定.

以含广谱稻瘟病抗性基因Pi25的U04为供体,优质保持系宜香1B为受体,通过杂交、回交育种方法,结合分子标记辅助选择,培育出优质抗病中间材料,再以水稻两用核不育系RGD-7S为不育基因供体进行杂交,通过福建建瓯等高海拔长日低温环境与海南三亚短日低温环境对后代育性进行筛选,经过4a7代的抗瘟鉴定、系谱选择及测交筛选,定向培育成两用核不育系元亨S.该不育系具有综合农艺性状优良、不育起点温度较低、抗稻瘟病、稻米品质较优、异交结实率高、易于繁制种、种子发芽率高、配合力好等优良特性,于2019年1月和5月先后通过安徽省、福建省农作物品种审定委员会的技术鉴定和品种审定(闽审稻20190050).

元两优676是福建禾丰种业股份有限公司、福建省农业科学院水稻研究所利用优质抗稻瘟病两用核不育系元亨S和高配合力恢复系福恢676配组育成的两系杂交中籼新组合,具有产量高、中抗稻瘟病、米质较优、落色好等特点,2019年5月通过福建省品种审定,适宜在福建省作中稻种植.

有色稻的花青素在稻谷的种皮内累积,使得糙米呈现出黑、紫、红、绿、黄等不同色泽.有色稻米含有许多人体所需的氨基酸、功能脂质、膳食纤维、维生素、矿物质、花青素、酚类化合物和γ-谷维素等物质,具有重要的营养价值和药用价值,受到消费者的欢迎和市场的关注,具有广阔的市场前景.与普通白米相比,当前对有色稻米的研究与应用相较滞后,新型有色稻米功能性食品和药品尚待开发.本文系统综述了有色稻米种质资源的分布、评价利用、功能性成分及其特性、相关基因的遗传学研究及其在育种上的应用等研究进展.分析了制约我国有色稻米产业发展的突出问题.提出系统有效地开展有色稻米综合研究是市场和产业发展的需要,加强生物手段辅助育种可以有效提高有色稻新品种培育效率.

[目的]利用抗病不育系与优质恢复系测交配组选育出抗病杂交稻新品种.[方法]以粤晶丝苗2号作母本,与抗稻瘟病中间材料U03杂交,F1干种子用350Gy60Co-γ射线辐照,从M2代分离群体中发现1株小粒、矮秆、直立的穗突变株.突变株后代经系谱法选择及稻瘟病抗性鉴定之后于2012年选择田间代号为12HR6-12的株系与抗病不育系M76A少量制种,2013–2014年分别在福建省建阳市、海南省三亚市参加多点品比试验,恢复系定名为福恢212.2015年M76优212参加福建省中稻组区域试验,产量、抗性表现突出,2016年续试,2017年进入生产试验.[结果]M76优212在连续2年区试中的平均产量达8763.60 kg·hm-2,比对照品种(Ⅱ优明86)增产8.61％,丰产性、稳产性表现好,中抗(MR)稻瘟病,米质较优.于2018年通过福建省农作物品种审定(闽审稻20180007).[结论]M76优212品种具有产量高、米质较优和抗病性好等优点,适宜福建省作中稻种植.

[目的]用优质抗病常规稻与生产上大面积利用的强恢复系杂交选育出优质抗病恢复系,再与优质不育系组配选育出优质抗病杂交稻新品种.[方法]以优质抗病常规稻华航丝苗为母本,与强恢复系明恢86杂交,杂种F1代再与强恢复系蜀恢527复交,后代经多年在福建上杭茶地、将乐黄潭等自然稻瘟病区及福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所等地进行稻瘟病抗性鉴定,筛选出的优良单株连续多年在福建沙县、海南反复加代定向培育和逐代稳定,于2010年育成株叶形态好、配合力高、中抗稻瘟病、米质优的恢复系福恢2165.2014年用福恢2165与优质长粒型三系不育系泰丰A配组,经2015年的品比试验,2016-2017年的区域试验和生产试验,育成了优质三系杂交晚稻新组合泰优2165.[结果]泰优2165在两年区域试验中的平均产量达7815.83 kg·hm-2,比对照品种(宜优673)增产2.81％,丰产性、稳产性表现好,中感(MS)稻瘟病,米质达部颁二等优质米标准.于2018年通过福建省农作物品种审定(闽审稻20180016).[结论]泰优2165具有产量高、米质优、商品性和抗病性均好等优点,可作为福建省的主推优质稻品种.

广8优673是福建省农科院水稻所利用广东省农科院水稻所选育的优质三系不育系广8A与自育的恢复系福恢673配组育成的熟期适中、产量高、抗稻瘟病籼型三系杂交晚稻新组合, 2015年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定.

泰优2165是福建省农业科学院水稻研究所利用广东省农业科学院水稻研究所选育的泰丰A与自选恢复系福恢2165配组而成的三系晚籼杂交水稻新品种,2018年通过福建省品种审定委员会审定.上杭县于2018年引进泰优2165作晚稻示范种植,表现长势好、植株适中、熟期转色好、优质、丰产等特点.介绍了泰优2165在上杭县试种产量表现、特征特性,并总结其栽培技术.

泰优2328是利用优质三系不育系泰丰A与福恢2328配组而成的优质三系晚籼感光型杂交稻新品种,经2 a区试,表现群体整齐、茎秆粗壮、穗大粒多、熟期转色好、米质优、易制种等特点,2016年通过福建省农作物品种审定(漳州).总结了泰优2328的选育过程、产量表现、特征特性、高产栽培技术和制种技术要点.

泰丰A系广东省农业科学院水稻研究所选育的优质三系不育系,针对该不育系的特点,利用在生产上大面积推广应用的骨干恢复系作杂交亲本,通过籼粳交中间材料将粳稻亲缘渗入籼型恢复系中,选育出一批株叶形态好、茎秆粗壮的恢复系与泰丰A配组,配制出泰丰优2098、泰丰优656、泰优202、泰优2197、泰优676、泰优2328等6个杂交稻组合通过福建省或福州市、漳州市审定.介绍了福恢2098、福恢656、福恢202、福恢2197、福恢676、福恢2328等6个恢复系的选育经过.

A new variety of photosensitive hybrid rice, Yuanyou 2105, was bred by crossing the 3-line male sterile, Yuanfeng A, developed by Sanming Academy of Agriculture Science and the restorer line, Fuhui 2105, developed by Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University.It was certified by Fujian Crop Variety Evaluation Committees in 2016.The growing period of the new variety was approximately 160 d, which was 20 d longer than that of comparable mid-season varieties.The breeding procedure and characteristics of Yuanyou 2105 are presented.

A new early-maturing restores line, Fuhui 1093, was developed by crossing the widely cultivated early-maturing restorer line, Minghui 82, with the late-maturing japonica/indica restorer hybrid, Zhi 8.Subsequently, it was crossed with the 3-line male sterile, Quanfeng A, to obtain Qunanyou 1093.The final hybrid exhibited many desirable characteristics including large stem-girth, strong tillering, large panicles with numerous spikelets, desirable color change during mycelium ripening, and high grain yield.The average grain yield in two year-long, production trials on the new variety was 5.53% higher than that of CK.It has been certified by Fujian Crop Variety Evaluation Committees in 2014.

Taifeng A was a high-quality,tri-lineage sterile line of hybrid rice originally bred by the Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences.It was introduced to Fujian for experimental cultivation and test-crossing with restorer lines.Many of the hybrids resulted from the crossing tests showed excellent agronomic traits,a stable male sterility,easy seed production,improved and early flowering,as well as relatively concentrated,strong combining and restoring abilities.The transmission of early maturity inheritance was strong between generations of the hybrids with traits derived from Taifeng A resulted in the prematurity or late-maturity varieties,including those were less photosensitive.An outstanding feature of these hybrids was their high grain quality for processing and desirable exterior characteristics for commercial purpose.Consequently,many new varieties of the combinations,such as Taifengyou 2098,Taifengyou 656,Taiyou 202,Taifengyou 2197,Taiyou 676,and Taiyou 2328,had been accepted and released for promotion by Fujian Province Crop Variety Examination and Approving Committee.Moreover,Taifeng A offered a substantial potential for further applications.It was highly recommended for breeding new varieties by crossing it with different restorer lines.

福建省科技厅于2013—2016年设立了科技重大专项专题"水稻种质资源创新利用及新品种选育".介绍了专题的主要研究内容以及项目实施以来所取得的主要研究成效.

以含有白叶枯病抗性基因Xa23的恢复系R659为抗性供体,福建省农业科学院水稻研究所育成的大穗型恢复系福恢2328为受体,进行白叶枯病抗性基因的导入,以期培育抗白叶枯病恢复系新种质,采用分子标记辅助选择技术,育成了2份含有Xa23基因的纯合改良株系EMR402、EMR403,经人工接菌鉴定,结果表明均对白叶枯病表现为抗.

To avoid a possible loss of blast-resistance in rice when a single resistance gene was dependent upon for the disease prevention,new rice varieties with durable rice blast-resistance were cultivated. Forty-eight field materials of advanced-generation were obtained through a multiple-generation selection from the crosses using 4 maintainer lines, 6 restorer lines and 3 conventional rice varieties as receptor parents with 75-1-127 (harboring blast gene Pi9)and U19 (harboring blast resistance gene Pi25)as donor parents. Evaluated by their resistance to the leaf blast disease, 5 lines were classified as highly resistant,25 moderately resistant,and the remainders moderately or highly susceptible varieties. A marker-assisted selection showed that,among them,1 9 advanced-generation lines carried blast-resistance gene Pi9,and 5 had blast-resistance gene Pi25.

稻瘟病是水稻最具毁灭性的病害之一，选育抗稻瘟病三系不育系，是选育抗稻瘟病品种的有效途径之一。本研究以携带抗稻瘟病基因 Pi25 的材料BL47为抗性供体亲本、福稻B为受体亲本，利用分子标记辅助选择技术和常规育种方法，从F 2 代起利用分子标记Si13070C检测 Pi25 基因，从F 3 代起结合稻瘟病重发病区苗瘟鉴定，从BC 1 代起对不育系植株进行花粉育性鉴定，筛选出5份具有中抗以上水平的候选不育系，其中不育系CP4A具有良好的不育性和开花习性，所配组合表现出良好的农艺性状。结果表明，利用分子标记Si13070C检测 Pi25 基因并结合田间苗瘟鉴定在选育抗性育种材料上是有效的。

The rice blast was known as one of the most crushing diseases in rice production. One of effective ways to develop blast-resistant hybrid rice combination should be through breeding blast-resistant sterile line. In this study, five rice candidate sterile lines that have resistance or moderate resistance to rice blast were selected through the approaches of marker assisted selection and conventional breeding methods by using BL-47 as the donor parent that carries rice blast resistant gene Pi25 and Fudao B as the receptor parent. From the beginning of F2, molecular marker Si13070C was used to detect gene Pi25;while from the beginning of F3, we began to identify seedling blast in rice blast endemic area, and from the beginning of BC1 we set about identifying pollen fertility of sterile line plants. Stigma exsertion rate of these candidate sterile lines was investigated. The results indicated that CP4A should be highly stable in sterility and own good flowering characteristics. And the hybrids derived from CP4A displayed elite agronomic characters. In conclusion, it would be an effective breeding process to develop blast-resistant materials by using molecular marker Si13070C to detect gene Pi25 and combined with identifying seedling blast in rice blast endemic area.