为研究破碎饲料对母猪繁殖性能的影响,试验选择繁殖正常的3～4胎次、体型体况相近且已确认妊娠的长大二元母猪36头,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复4头猪,分别饲喂粉状饲料、颗粒饲料和破碎饲料.结果表明:破碎饲料组母猪的窝产活仔数、初生仔猪重、初生窝重比粉状饲料组分别提高9.67％、11.12％和22.92％,差异均显著(P<0.05),比颗粒饲料组分别提高0.98％、0.68％和1.7％,差异不显著(P>0.05);破碎饲料组母猪的总泌乳力、日均泌乳力、初乳中的乳蛋白和乳脂含量显著高于粉状饲料组(P<0.05),与颗粒饲料组差异不显著(P>0.05);破碎饲料组哺乳仔猪1～7 d腹泻指数比粉状饲料组下降13.33％(P<0.05),总受胎率提高3.36％(P>0.05);破碎饲料组母猪的繁殖性能显著高于粉状饲料组(P<0.05)和颗粒饲料组(P>0.05).总之,破碎饲料能显著提高母猪的产仔性能和泌乳性能,减少仔猪腹泻,提高母猪受胎率.

[Objective]To understand the infection conditions of coccidian of large-scale sheep farms in Xinxiang City.[Method]The infection conditions of coccidian in a sheep farm in Xinxiang City were investigated and identified by fecal compression method,the method of saturated solution floating and method of oocysts cultivating,and treatment experiment of several kinds of parasite drugs was carried out in the farm.[Result]The overall prevalence of coccidial infection in the farm was 25%,the infection rate of sheep in summer was the highest,and the infection of 1-3 month-old lamb was the most serious.Two species of Eimeria were identified in the body of sheep by morphological analysis.They were E.intricata and E.ninakohlyakimovae respectively.The results of medicine treatment trial showed that sulfaquinoxaline had a good effect in treatment of Eimeria,and it was cheaper and more convenient in use.[Conclusion]The research results can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the prevention and control of parasites in the farms.

In order to investigate the feasibility of Qinchuan cattle embryo cryopreservation technology, 48 female Qinchuan cattle were super-ovulated repeatedly, then artificial inseminated, and the embryos were obtained non-surgically in 7th day after artificial insemination.The A-class embryos were treated with different concentrations of glycerol(1.0~5.0 mol/L) and ethylene glycol(1.0~5.0 mol/L), and frozen by conventional method and rapid method.After thawed, in vitro cultured and transplanted the embryos in different developmental stages (morulas, blastocysts and expanded blastocysts).Results: 7-day old embryo of Qinchuan cattle can tolerate glycerol concentration range of 2.0~4.0 mol/L, ethylene glycol 1.0~3.0 mol/L.The survival rate and hatching rate of conventional freezing method was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of rapid freezing method;The morula''s survival rate and hatching rate after frozen and thawed was very significantly (P<0.01) lower than that of blastocyst and expanded blastocyst;Pregnancy rate and calving rate of embryos frozen by conventional method and rapid method had no significant (P>0.05) difference after transplantation.The freezing morula''s pregnancy rate and calving rate was significantly (P<0.05) lower than that of blastocyst and expanded blastocyst after transplantation.

[Objective] The aim was to study the techniques of in vitro maturation of follicular oocyte of Nanyang cattle. [Method] With follicular oocytes of Nanyang cattle as the materials, different hormone (E_2, FSH+LH+E_2, PMSG+hCG+E_2), serum (0.6%BSA, 10%FCS, 10%OCS) and bovine follicular fluid (10%, 20%, 30% bFF) was added into the maturation medium resp. to culture the follicular oocytes in vitro, and the effects of different treatments on in vitro maturation and developmental potentiality of follicular oocytes were studied. [Result] In hormone addition test, the effect of treatment with FSH+LH+E_2 was the best and the maturity rate and cleavage rate of oocytes (72.5%, 52.6%) were significantly higher than those of oocytes in treatment with E_2 (47.5%,35.4%). In serum addition test, the effect of treatment with 10% OCS was the best and the maturation rate of oocytes (73.3%) was significantly higher than that of oocytes in treatment with BSA (51.7%). In follicular fluid addition test, the maturity rate and cleavage rate of oocytes were decreased with the increase of the concn.of follicular fluid, and the addition effect of 10% bFF was similar with that of 10%FCS [Conclusion] The study provided the reference for in vitro maturation of follicular oocytes of cattle.

To compare the effect of different feeder layers on subculture of rabbit primordial germ cells.Primordial germ cells(PGC) were isolated from 14～18 d rabbit embryonic genital ridges.And let the PGCs culture on mouse embryonic fibroblasts(MEF),rabbit embryonic fibroblasts(REF) and co-cultured with the homogenous embryonic fibroblast from genital ridges(HEFgr)or co-cultured with Rabbit Sertoli cells(RSCs).The rabbit EG like cell lines were observed and alkaline phosphatase(AKP) activity was detected respectively.The result is that EG cells were all able to gain in the four ways and all of them had the AKP activity,the manner of co-cultured was better than cultured depended on mitotically inactive feed layer.PGCs co-cultured with RSCs gained the more EG than other ways.They remained undifferentiated state for the longest period and cultured for 8 passages.There was not significant difference in PGCs co-cultured with the homogenous embryonic fibroblast from genital ridges and co-cultured with Rabbit Sertoli cells,but PGCs were just cultured for 6 passages.PGCs culture on mouse embryonic fibroblasts can also remained undifferentiated and cultured for 4 passages.PGCs culture on REF gained fewer EGs,they remained undifferentiated state were shorter and just cultured for 3 passages.So the manner of co-cultured with RSCs and co-cultured with the HEFgr can be used to isolation and cultivation rabbit PGCs.

31 Qinchuan cattle were superovulated,20 cattle were effective with the rate 64.5%,and 6.45 embryos were obtained on average.Among them,4.20 embryos were useful.The embryos obtained from each cattle and useful embryos of the 300 mg group were significantly higher than groups that treated with FSH 260 mg and 340 mg per cattle(P0.05).The obtained(8.56) and useful embryos(6.00) per cattle treated in spring and summer were significantly higher than that treated in autumn and winter(4.73,2.73)(P0.05).10 cattle were superovulated repeatedly with the interval 70 days.There were not any significantly different between each superovulation(P0.05).

Sixty donor cows were superovulated with FSH, 258 eggs (4.87±3.69 eggs per head) were collected with 153(2.89±2.58 eggs per head) useful embryos. The superovulation efficiency of heifers is higher than that of the delivered cows(86.2%︰71.0%), while it was conversed for the total eggs(4.50±2.58︰5.22±4.53) and useful embryos(2.69±2.02︰3.07±3.06). The suitable doze of FSH is 340mg per head for delivered cows, for the heifers is 300mg. And the seasons have little effect on the superovulation result.

This research observed the effects of direct centrifugation,swimming-up,percoll density gradient centrifugation treated sperm on IVF in Nanyang cattle.The cleavage rates of sperm in the three treatments(84.2%,84.5%,and 83.6%,respectively) were similar(P> 0.05),but the development rates of morula and blastocyst in swimming-up and percoll density gradient centrifugation group(17.1%,16.9%) were greater(P< 0.05) than that of direct centrifugation(13.8%).Meantime,comparison of the effect of drop and capillary methods on IVF indicated that the cleavage rates in the two treatment had no significant difference(P > 0.05),but the development rates of morula and blastocyst of capillary method were significantly higher than that of drop method(17.8%,13.4%).

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different sperm disposal methods on in vitro fertilization of Nanyang cattle. Experiment I : The effects of three kinds of sperm washing methods on oocytes fertilization were studied. The results showed that the cleavage rate (CR) of swimming-up method (58. 3%) and percoll method (60. 6%) were significantly higher than direct washing method (47. 2%) (P0. 05); the blastocyst rate (BR) of swimming-up method (25. 9%) was significantly higher than direct washing method (13. 3%) (P0. 05) ; the CR or BR between swimming-up method and percoll method had no significant difference. Experiment II : The effects of three fertilization media on the fertilization of Nanyang cattle oocytes in vitro were studied. The results showed that the CR of BO group (60. 1%) and mTyrode's solution group (59. 3%) were all significantly higher than TCM199 group(48. 5%) (P0. 05); but the BR of three groups (17. 7%, 19. 6%, 14. 1%) had no significant difference.