通过田间试验调查了 8种农药对朝天椒上白粉虱的防治效果.19％溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂、30％烯啶虫胺水分散粒剂的防效较高,药后1 d防效分别为62.8％、59.7％,药后3d防效分别为92.1％、92.5％,对朝天椒生长安全,可在朝天椒白粉虱成虫初盛期选用上述两药剂对植株喷雾防治.

以河南农业职业学院园艺技术专业教学标准开发为例,分析了高职园艺技术专业教学标准开发的理论依据及职业能力,阐述了专业教学标准开发的基本内容及要求,提出了专业教学标准开发过程中需要注意的问题,以期为提升园艺技术专业人才培养质量提供借鉴.

河南农业职业学院长期服务于国家战略和地方经济发展,探索出农业高校助力脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴的经验模式.本研究以河南农业职业学院助力脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴的实践为例,从人才、智力、技术、教育、产销等方面,打造出重情怀扶教育、重培训扶人才、重技术扶产业、重消费扶增收"四重四扶"的帮扶体系,取得贫困地区和贫困家庭技能潜力、内生动力、产业活力与发展能力"四力协同"的帮扶成效,旨在为同类院校提供借鉴和参考.

本研究通过分析现代种业产业升级及技术创新对技术技能人才的需求,创新种子生产与经营高水平专业群"三元六复合"人才培养模式,构建了科学规范的课程体系,建成了以种子产业链为中心的信息化教学资源平台,打造了高水平"双师"队伍,通过对口帮扶、"万名科技人员包万村"、科技特派员、"三区"人才等形式助推脱贫攻坚,服务乡村振兴,为国家粮食安全战略和现代种业转型升级做出了贡献,在全国起到了引领示范作用.

为有效控制玉米地下害虫、蚜虫和茎基腐病的危害,筛选具有较好控制作用的种衣剂,笔者开展了14种悬浮种衣剂田间药效试验.试验表明:14种种衣剂对供试玉米品种出苗安全;氟虫腈·噻虫嗪(30％悬浮种衣剂)(1:1000)处理的出苗率96.7％为最高值.氟虫腈·噻虫嗪(30％悬浮种衣剂)(1:1000)对玉米地下害虫、玉米蚜虫的防治效果分别达84.8％、80.0％.精甲·咯·嘧菌(11％悬浮种衣剂)(1:2000)对玉米茎基腐病的防治效果达73.7％.说明以噻虫嗪、氟虫腈和甲霜灵为主的复配防治玉米地下害虫、蚜虫、茎基腐病,能够取得较好的防治效果.建议针对不同的生态类型区域,结合品种、施肥、管理等措施选用不同的配方,以取得最佳的防治效果.

<正>海田9565是以92-3为母本,92-68为父本杂交育成的早熟、优质、高产西瓜新品种。全生育期92天,果形椭圆,青皮网纹,皮厚1.0～1.2厘米,瓤色鲜红,肉质脆沙,中心糖11.2%,平均单果质量5.5千克左右,666.7平方米产量3134～3488千克。

从中草药透骨草、白鲜皮和番茄植株体内筛选出3株对灰霉菌有较强抑制作用的内生拮抗细菌,离体番茄果实灰霉病防治和盆栽防治试验结果表明,3个菌株对番茄灰霉病均有较好的防治效果,先接种拮抗内生细菌24 h后再接种灰霉菌的防效优于同时接种拮抗菌和病原菌的防效;拮抗菌株T15对番茄灰霉病的防治效果优于菌株B2和F8的防治效果。

The endophytic bacterial strain TS-5 from medicinal plants of Densefruit pittany,root-bark wastested for its inhibiting effect against Botrytis cinerea.The physiological and biochemical characters,antagonistic activity,classification and growth condition of TS-5in vitro were measured.The results showedthat the strain had antagonistic activity against the gray mold disease,the inhibition zone was 10mm,antagonistic rate on leaves was 33.72%.According to the morphology observation and physiological andbio-chemical reactions,the strain was identified asBacillus subtilis.Tests showed that the optimum growthcondition is 30℃ at pH 7 for 48 hour.The bacterial strain is aerobic.

The experiments of efficacy of cevadine·avermectin 2.4% AS on tomato root-knot nematode were carried out in seeding and transplanting condition.Results showed: in seeding condition,insecticide concentration;so the best use at seeding condition of this insecticide was soil application pre-seeding at 3000 mL/ha,the efficacy reached at 66.16%,soil application and spraying post-seeding was not recommended.In transplanting condition,the infection rate was 0 and the efficacy was reached 100% compared with control after soil application 20 days both 24 and 12 mg/kg treatments;the infection rate was 13.33 and 20.00% and the efficacy was reached 84 and 76% after spraying 20 days with 24 and 12 mg/kg treatments respectively,difference was significantly.All treatments infection rate increased and the efficacy decreased after applied 40 days,significantly different from control.Soil application and spraying at 24-12 mg/kg usage were recommended in field production,and medication interval was 20-30 days.

Peach latent mosaic disease occurred in peach trees is distributed widely in China.The disease shows a wide range of symptoms in the fields and discoloration along leaf veins is easily found.To get insight into the correlation between the symptom and Peach latent mosaic viroid(PLMVd),leaves of a peach tree showing the symptom of discoloration along its veins were collected and subjected to PLMVd RNA extraction,and RT-PCR detection.The target amplified fragment was cloned,and some positive clones were then selected for analyzing population structure of the isolate by single-strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP) analysis.Three predominant clones of the isolate were sequenced and analyzed.This study would provide more information for understanding the correlation between the molecular characterization of PLMVd and the symptom of discoloration along leaf veins.

<正>精品课程建设,是高等职业教育改革的重要内容,是专业建设和教材建设的核心。国家级精品课程建设,是反映一所职业院校教育教学质量和水平的重要标准。结合河南农业职业

Xianchong jue series 1,2,3,4 that resist to rootstock nematode were chosen by heterosis breeding used tomato material from abroad.Xian chong jue 1,3 were adopted by Henan province crop seed management station in May 2009,and it identification number was tomato 2009001 and 2009002.Disease resistance ability was identified by pot experiment and seedling inoculation,and grafting affinity,yield and quality were identified by field cultivation experiment.The results showed that xian chong jue series had a good grafting affinity,grafting plants resisted highly to root-knot nematode disease.Yield increased 58.05%,50.76%,76.96%,75.95%compared to CK,it was different significantly,and it not effected tomato quality.

<正>目前,防治植物病害的主要杀菌剂多为化学合成制剂。但由于化学农药对人畜、环境、非靶标生物的潜在影响以及植物病原菌抗性的发展,使得化学农药的使用受到了来自各方面的限制。研制、开发与应用新型、安全、高效的生物农药已成为现代植物病虫害防治现实需要的课题。

'Haitian 9565'is a new early-ripening,high-quality,high-yield and steady-yield watermelon cultivar.The whole growth period is about 92 days from sowing.The fruit is elliptical with mesh pattern and cyan skin.The skin thickness is 1.0-1.2 cm.The flesh is bright red,juicy and crisp,the center soluble solid content is 12.4%.The average mass of a single fruit is 7 kg,and the yield is 47.01-52.33 t·hm-2.It is resistant to diseases,adversity and fruit surface have good toughness resistant to dehiscence,so it is suitable for storing and transporting.

One strain of endophytic bacteria were isolated from and tested their Clematidis intricatae antagonistic activity against Botrytis cinerea Pers.The percentages of antagonistic strain to tested strains are 66.02% and the percentages of invitro tomato fruitage are 51.68%. The strain was identified as B.subtilis.The strain do not produce cellulase, β-1,3-glucannase and protease. The result of plants test showed using the coarse albumen that the inhibition zone was more than 20mm, and the coarse albumen have stability to temperature, ultraviolet radiation and pH.

植物内生菌分布广,种类多.畲有内生菌的植物宿主往往具有生长快、抗逆境、抗病害等优势,比未感染内生菌的植株更具生存竞争力.植物内生菌的防病机理主要表现在通过产生抗生素、水解酶、植物生长调节剂和生物碱类物质、与病原菌竞争营养物质,增强宿主植物的抵抗力以及诱导植物产生系统抗性等途径抑制病原菌生长.另外,对植物内生菌的分离、筛选和检测方法,利用植物内生菌控制植物病害的途径等进行了综述.

从中草药透骨草中筛选出一株对灰霉菌有较强,且稳定抑制作用的拮抗细菌,其抑菌带可以达到11 mm;经革兰氏染色、芽孢染色以及生理生化特性测定,确定此菌株属枯草芽孢杆菌属;通过对菌株生长条件的研究发现,其最适生长温度为30 ℃,最适pH值为7,通气量越大菌株的生长情况越好,最佳培养时间为48h.

梅蚜是棉花的常发性害虫,严重时造成叶片卷曲、变色和花蕾脱落.过去多选厣有机磷农药进行防治,由于长期连续高强度帽药,使棉蚜抗药性明显提高,棉田有益生物显著下降,造成棒田生态失衡.