[目的]分析山西省2014-2018年城市癌症早诊早治项目的癌症筛查结果.[方法]采取整群随机抽样的方法,选取太原市、阳泉市、晋城市40～74岁常住居民进行患癌风险评估,评估出的高风险对象免费接受相应癌种的临床筛查,分析评估各癌种的高风险率、筛查顺应性和阳性病变检出率.[结果]研究人群整体患癌高风险率为41.37％,其中男性高风险率高于女性,55～59岁人群高风险率最高,各癌种高风险率从高到低依次为:上消化道癌22.46％,肺癌19.94％,乳腺癌17.38％,结直肠癌12.24％,肝癌9.42％;各癌种筛查顺应性从高到低为:乳腺癌(51.33％)、肝癌(43.74％)、肺癌(34.41％)、结直肠癌(21.71％)、上消化道癌(14.53％);临床筛查结果显示,肺癌、上消化道癌和结直肠癌的阳性病变检出率随年龄的增加而增高,45～49岁女性乳腺癌阳性病变检出率较高,男性上消化道癌和结直肠癌的阳性病变检出率高于女性.[结论]人群患癌高风险比例分布与当地癌症发病分布基本一致,筛查顺应性和筛查方法相关,介入性检查顺应性较低.筛查人群高风险率、顺应性以及阳性病变检出率不同性别和不同年龄段存在一定的差异,有针对性地对城市高风险人群进行筛查,能够发现早期癌症患者,从长远来讲将有效降低癌症的发病率和死亡率.

Objective:To explore the cancer incidence and mortality in registration areas of Shanxi Province in 2014.Methods:The data of 12 cancer registration areas of Shanxi Province in 2014 were taken to analyze the characteristics of cancer incidence and mortality for patients with different age and gender in different areas. And then the results were compared with the malignant cancer incidence and mortality in the nationwide.Results:There were 11 703 new cases, including 6 559 males and 5 144 females in registration areas of Shanxi Province in 2014, and the incidence rate was 221.21/10 5, while the age-standardized incidence rate of Chinese population and world population was 163.91/10 5 and 163.25/10 5, respectively. The cancer incidence rate in urban areas was 247.02/10 5 and the age-standardized incidence rate of Chinese population was 171.35/10 5. In rural areas, the cancer incidence rate was 205.98/10 5 and the age-standardized incidence rate of Chinese population was 159.03/10 5. The common cancer sites were stomach, lung, esophagus, liver and colorectum for males. And breast, cervix, lung, esophagus, stomach were the common cancer sites for females. There were 7 283 malignant death cases, including 4 548 males and 2 735 females. The crude cancer mortality rate was 137.66/10 5, and the age-standardized mortality rate of Chinese population was 99.67/10 5 and world population was 100.11/10 5. The crude cancer mortality rate in urban areas was 141.03/10 5 and the age-standardized incidence rate of Chinese population was 92.84/10 5. In rural areas, the crude cancer mortality rate was 135.68/10 5 and the age-standardized mortality rate of Chinese population was 103.69/10 5. Male common malignant tumor deaths included lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer, while lung, stomach, liver, esophagus and cervix were the common cancer death sites for females. Conclusions:The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in registration areas in Shanxi Province are mainly lung cancer, upper gastrointestinal cancer and cervix uteri cancer. The incidence rates of stomach cancer and cervical cancer are high.

[Purpose] To analyze the cancer incidence and mortality in Yangquan,2012.[Methods] According to the methods and standards of National Cancer Registry,the data of cancer incidences and deaths in Yangquan City in 2012 were collected and analyzed.[Results] There were 2920 new cases of all cancer sites reported in 2012,of which 1700 were males,1220 were females.The crude incidence rate was 221.6/105 (249.00/105 in males and 192.15/105 in females).There were 1515 cases of cancer deaths,of which 939 were males and 576 were females.The crude mortality rate was 114.98/105(137.53/105 in males and 90.72/105 in females).The top 10 incidence of cancer were lung cancer,stomach cancer,esophageal cancer,colorectal/anal cancer,liver cancer,female breast cancer,kidney cancer,bladder cancer and brain tumor,accounting for 81.19％ of all cancers.The top 10 malignant tumor deaths were lung cancer,gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,brain tumor,leukemia,female breast cancer,cervical cancer,kidney cancer,accounting for 87.91％ of all cancers.[Conclusion] Malignant tumor is a major disease threat to Yangquan residents.The major malignant tumors in Yangquan are lung cancer,gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer and female breast cancer and cervical cancer,and we should further strengthen the prevention and control of major tumors.

A comprehensive budget management maturity and development of the modern enterprise has played a significant role in promoting an effective method of internal management control,is worthy of China's enterprises to learn from the management tools.It helps the establishment of modern enterprise system,and help enterprises to rationally allocate resources,and contribute to the timely budget management of modern financial management approach.However,China's enterprises in the implementation of the overall budget management,there are some problems,its the concept behind the contents of the lack of,only on the preparation,making the overall budget as a whole is ineffective.Therefore,enterprises should establish a comprehensive budget management philosophy of science,establish and improve the overall budget management system,emphasis on control and evaluation aspects of this scientific management system to optimize their effectiveness.

在我国,公立医院担负着医疗卫生的主要职责,财务管理又是保证公立医院可持续发展的重要条件,随着医改的不断深入和医疗服务市场的开放,我国公立医院财务管理取得了可喜的变化,但还存在一些问题,为了使我国公立医院能更好地使质量和效益相结合,在财务管理上应采取切实措施.

目的 探讨筛查对提高乳腺癌早期诊断率及检出率的必要性.方法 选取山西省阳泉市城市规定区域的35～ 69岁的健康女性人群,用问卷调查、知情同意、临床体检、乳腺钼靶及超声检查的方法进行乳腺癌筛查.结果 2008年度筛查人群为1万例.其中钼靶X线检查人群为1590例,筛查出良性肿瘤93例,良性钙化364例,血管钙化12例,良性结节98例,乳内淋巴结7例,可疑乳腺癌4例,乳腺癌3例,腋下淋巴结336例,未见异常827例.结论 通过筛查能提高对乳腺癌的检出率及早期诊断率.