为研究不同时长LED灯补光对火龙果生长的影响,在广西南宁市隆安县选用同一种火龙果LED补光灯进行4个不同时长(3h、4h、5h、6h)的补光试验.结果 表明,补光时长4h或5h较好,虽然两种方式预估产量差异不显著,但4h预估产值相对较高,且比补光5h节省电能,较为可观地节省成本;不同时长补光对火龙果单果重及糖度差异不显著.

选用目前广西火龙果种植基地普遍使用的3种不同光质LED补光灯对火龙果进行补光催花效果试验,调查分析不同光质补光后火龙果现蕾情况.结果 表明,在相同田间管理水平下,红黄灯、黄灯及红兰灯在春季共催生三批花蕾,平均每株催花现蕾分别为13.0、13.0、11.3个,而对照区仅在第三批平均每株有0.1个花蕾.在秋季催花虽因阴天多,日照不足,但红黄光灯、黄光灯及红兰光灯仍成功平均每株催花现蕾分别为1.2、0.4、0.3个,对照区无花蕾.3种不同光质的LED灯补光,均起到显著的催花效果,其中红黄光灯效果最好,其次是黄光灯,最后是红兰灯.

Based on the Nanning greenhouses(single-shelf) small climatic characteristics,the microclimate evaluation for sweet bell pepper overwintering cultivation was conducted.It shows that the greenhouses are basically able to provide the suitable weather conditions for the sweet bell pepper wintering growth.Some unsuitable weather conditions hampered the sweet bell pepper efficient production,such as the over strong(lacking) illumination in sunny and cloudy day in spring,summer and autumn(in winter),the over high(low)circadian temperature in different developmental stages of sweet bell pepper,and the too high humidity in winter and spring.Then some targeted and rationalization climate regulation was also put forwards.

Based on the observed data of wind tower from wind farm in Beiliu,the parameters of wind energy resources were analyzed.The results showed that the hours of effective wind speeds was rich,the variation of wind speeds and wind power density in daily and monthly were large,the wind directions were stable,the wind energy resources were concentrated,high frequency of the effective wind speeds,the speed and energy resources distributed symmetrically,and the wind shears were strong.In general,the wind energy resources of this wind farm are rich and it was valuable to develop.

Based on the meteorological data of Weizhou Island from 1956 to 2011,using the temperature-humidity index(THI),wind effect index(K) and dressing index as the evaluating indicator for tourism climate comfort,the climatic characteristics,human comfort,dressing guidance and the meteorological factors affecting Weizhou Island tourism were analyzed and evaluated.The results show that the suitable travelling period is from October to April.The comfortable dressing index is degree 1 to 3.Tropical cyclone;gale and fog are the unfavorable factors affecting the tourism.

对南宁市大棚春季提早种植厚皮甜瓜进行气候评价,结果表明:自然光照无法达到厚皮甜瓜光饱和点,棚内光照度则更差,在光强最强的晴天,棚内平均光照度仍与厚皮甜瓜光饱和点相差12 000～17 000 lx.棚内气温基本能满足厚皮甜瓜生长需要,催芽须采用人工加温大棚;育苗期棚内2月平均昼温偏低1.9 ℃,3月平均昼温适宜,平均最低气温偏低0.2～2.4 ℃;定植期-抽蔓期棚内3-4月平均昼温偏低1.6～6.3 ℃,夜温适宜,3月棚内平均最低气温偏低0.5 ℃,4月棚内平均最高气温偏高0.8 ℃;开花授粉期棚内平均昼温、夜温均适宜,但晴天要避免出现高于33 ℃的高温;结果期4月平均昼温偏低1.6 ℃,4-5月棚内平均夜温偏高4.7～6.6 ℃,昼夜温差偏低9.0～11.3 ℃,5-6月棚内平均最高温度偏高较大,要注意降温.棚内平均空气相对湿度高于厚皮甜瓜生长要求的适宜值达19～37百分点,阴天及夜间都要注意防湿.针对南宁市大棚春季提早种植厚皮甜瓜的不利气象条件,在生产中宜经常清洁棚膜、定期更换新膜以增加棚内光照度;利用人工加温、小拱棚保温,揭膜自然降温;揭膜或采用滴灌降湿等措施调节大棚小气候.

Domestic waste sanitary landfill site refers to the treatment of municipal solid waste using arti-ficial impervious membrane to prevent the leakage of waste infiltration liquid,and using facilities and e-quipment for the treatment and pretreatment of infiltration liquid.At present,eighty domestic waste san-itary landfill sites are being constructed in Guangxi.To make sure of whether the sites would be affected by meteorological disaster and climate change and whether the sites would bring harm to our environment and life when they completed,it is necessary for climatic feasibility to promote the project construction.

Annual variations in maximum wind speed in 10min at 10m height were calculated from annual maximum wind speed datasets from seven meteorological stations on the Beibu Gulf coast(covering time spans from the founding date of each station to 2008).Annual maximum wind speed was calculated using an modifiable method for the exponential law wind profile formula with timing conversion.Analysis of the annual variation in maximum wind speed using the coefficient of variation Cv and calculations of the 50a and 100a return-period annual extreme wind speed at 10m altitude was conducted using the Fisher-Tippett I distribution.The results show that the annual maximum wind speed on the Beibu Gulf coast most often occurs between July and September,with coefficients of variation(Cv) between 0.22 and 0.35,similar to that of the coastal cities',like Shanghai,Fuzhou and Guangzhou.The 50a and 100a return-period annual extreme wind speed were 22.9～42.6m/s and 24.8～46.5m/s,respectively.Spatially,the greater the proximity to the sea,the higher the return-period annual extreme wind speed.

Basing observational data,with such comprehensive criterions as components,formation mechanism,occurrence time,weather conditions and etc.,comparative analysis were conducted to distinguish between mist and haze during weather observations.

The outside and inside microclimate in plastics greenhouse with three common structures in southern area of Guangxi in winter were studied for providing scientific guidance to agricultural production and greenhouse management. The results indicated that the relative illumination of the three big awnings were in the range of 70%~80% which were negative correlation with the volume of big awning. The increased daily mean in awnings were 1.3~3.2℃, but a minor temperature reversal in single-shelf at 18:00 to 6:00 with 0.3~0.9℃ was observed. The daily range of inside was 2.3~7.9℃ higher than that of outside. The ground of 0~20cm soil layer raised 3.2~3.5℃, but the inside ground daily range of at 0 cm was warmer than that of outside in -11.4~1.4℃ which was also negative correla- tion with the volume of big awning. The daily range of inside was normally lower than outside, except in single or 3 multi-span awing with cloudy weather. The daily average relative humidity in the awning was 3%~23% higher than outside which was a positive correlation with the volume of big awning. The relevance equation about the illumination, and air humidity inside and outside of awning at 150 cm height was established by the data analysis.

风能作为一种分布广泛、取之不尽、用之不竭的绿色无污染的清洁能源,已成为人类社会可持续发展的首选能源。文章介绍目前国内外风电开发利用的现状、政策措施以及未来的发展趋势。

Basing the analysis of such observation as sunlight, temperature and humidity inside and outside the three multi-span plastic greenhouse,the result shows that:(1)the transmittance of the greenhouse was very low,which on cloudless(cloudy)day was comparatively lower(higher),The transmittance did not influence the air temperature obviously but the ground temperature inside the greenhouse,and the phenomenon of "ground temperature reverses" happened at 10:00am～16:00pm on the cloudless and cloudy days with high temperature.(2)Daily Warming value of average temperature is about 0.9～2.1℃inside the greenhouse,with the max.(min.) occurring on cloudless(cloudy) days.(3) The inside soil horizon was deeper,the warming value of soil was higher.The negative warming of earth surface appeared on the cloudless and cloudy days.(4) The relative humidity inside the greenhouse was higher than outside about 4～6% on cloudless and cloudy days.Last some equations related to the illumination and temperatures inside and outside at 150 cm was established through mathematical analysis.

Based on the analysis of Guangxi climate and the suitable condition for dragon fruit planting,it concluded that Guangxi climate is generally suitable for dragon fruit.Then some suggestions to defense the meteorological disasters and to promote the cultivation were discussed.

The microclimate characteristics of plastic greenhouse in the winter in southern area of Guangxi is studied. Mi- croclimate condition in the winter was observed in the plastic greenhouse. The microclimate characteristics in the inside and outside of the plastic greenhouse were analyzed. The results showed that transmittance was 70%-80% in the awning, and was high in the overcast days, low in the sunshine days. The daily average temperature increased 1.3-1.9℃ equally in the awning, The highest temperature increased 3.9-8.4℃, The lowest temperature increased 0.8-1.3℃, The diurnal range inside was 2.7-7.1℃ higher than outside, The temperature reversal is 0.2-0.9℃ inside the plastic greenhouse in the fair days and the cloudy days night. In awning 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 cm various soil layers ground temperature average warming 2.8-3.6℃. The surface maximum temperature in the cloudless days and in the greenhouse was 0.1-3.6℃ higher than out- side, while the lowest temperature was 2.2-5.2℃. The diurnal range inside was -5.1-2.2℃ higher than outside. There was temperature reversal at 12:00 p.m. Inside the plastic greenhouse in the fair days. The average relative humidity inside was higher than outside 10%-23%. The research provided the scientific basis for the instruction agricultural production and the big awning management in winter.

[目的]研究夏季不同结构塑料大棚的小气候变化特征,为指导农事生产及大棚管理提供科学依据.[方法]以大棚附近裸地为对照,对单栋、三连栋、六连栋3种结构塑料大棚内外的夏季小气候进行了为期14 d的观测,同时对晴天、阴天、多云3种典型天气状况下3种结构塑料大棚的小气候特征进行了分析.[结果]大棚相对照度为54%～79%,其值大小与大棚体积呈负相关;棚内日平均气温增温1.1～3.8 ℃,但晴天夜间单栋大棚气温会出现轻微的"温度逆转"现象;棚内气温日较差高于棚外4.0～10.2 ℃;0～20 cm土层地温平均增温1.6～3.4 ℃;棚内地温日较差大于棚外2.6～13.9 ℃,其值大小与大棚体积呈负相关;棚内日平均相对湿度低于棚外1%～5%,但全天各观测时次棚内减湿与增湿现象并存,白天以减湿为主,夜晚则出现增湿现象.通过数理分析,建立了棚内外150 cm光照、气温、空气湿度的相关方程.[结论]夏季单栋、三连栋、六连栋3种不同结构塑料大棚小气候特征差异显著,这种差异在晴天、阴天、多云天3种典型天气状况下并不相同.

According to the statistics of rainstorm,thunderstorm and gale from the representative stations in Guangxi forest ecological tour area during 1971 ～ 2000,the temporal and spatial distribution law of disaster was studied.Assessment of meteorological disaster influence on ecotourism was discussed to find the most safe and comfortable traveling months in different district of Guangxi province.

The microclimate characteristic in sring of six-span plastic greenhouse in southern areas of Guangxi province was analyzed.The results showed that transmittance of greenhouse was very low,which in cloudy day was 40% and in cloudless day was 37%.The transmittance did not influence air temperature but ground temperature in greenhouse obviously,and phenomenon of the ground temperature reverses happened at 10: 00～18: 00 on cloudless day and cloudy weather with high temperature.The soil horizon in greenhouse was deeper,the value of warming was higher,but negative warming of earth surface appeared on cloudless day and cloudy weather day.

In order to know the rules of microclimate differences of the inside and outside climate of different structure plastic greenhouse in spring in southern region of China,to give better guidance to the design of greenhouse,to control the microclimate of greenhouse,to improve the production of agriculture,we study the inside and outside illumination and temperature conditions of three common structure greenhouses and analyze the characters of microclimate.The results show:the relative illumination degree in greenhouse is from40% to 60%;the size of the greenhouse is in inverse proportion to the volume of it.Among the different structure greenhouses,the three-connected greenhouses' daily average temperature increases most quickly,the growth rate of it is from 2.1℃ to 3.2℃;the single greenhouse comes second,the growth of it is from 1.3℃-2.6℃;the growth rate of six-connected greenhouses is smallest,it is from 0.9℃-2.1℃.According to the obvious effect of ground temperature warming,the order is three-connected greenhouses,six-connected greenhouses,single greenhouse.The daily average warming temperature respective is 2.6℃,2.2℃,0.9℃.In the night of sunny weather,the temperature of single greenhouse can be little reversal,but 0℃ ground temperature reverse obviously in every greenhouse during sunny weather.This phenomenon also appears in three-connected greenhouses,six-connected greenhouses from 10∶00 to 18∶00 in cloudy days.In sunny weather,the greatest declining rate can reach 14℃.This thesis also establishes some equations about outside illumination of greenhouse,air temperature and ground temperature by mathematical analysis.

This paper proposes the climatic conditions analysis for the production of Guangxi thick skin melon regarding to the meteorological conditions of thick skin melon production combining the climate characteristic of Guangxi,and puts forward some proposals for the production and development of thick skin melon in Guangxi.