目的 探讨慢性乙型肝炎妊娠患者应用替诺福韦酯进行母婴阻断的有效性和安全性.方法 130例慢性乙型肝炎妊娠患者,按照随机数字表对照法分为观察组和对照组,每组65例.对照组接受常规保肝治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上联合替诺福韦酯治疗.比较两组患者治疗前后血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、乙型肝炎病毒脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)水平以及治疗后不良反应发生情况;新生儿出生5 min时Apgar评分、乙型肝炎病毒感染情况.结果 治疗后,观察组患者血清ALT(27.03±4.99)U/L、HBV-DNA(2.53±0.39)IU/ml均低于对照组的(52.18±7.34)U/L、(5.31±0.32)IU/ml,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组新生儿出生5 min时Apgar评分为(9.66±0.32)分,与对照组的(9.58±0.35)分比较,差异无统计学意义(t=1.360,P>0.05);观察组新生儿在出生时、6月龄、12月龄时的乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率、乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)阳性率、HBV-DNA≥100 IU/ml发生率均为0,对照组新生儿在出生时、6月龄、12月龄时的HBsAg阳性率分别为13.85％、10.77％、10.77％,HBeAg阳性率分别为12.31％、9.23％、7.69％,HBV-DNA≥100 IU/ml发生率分别为12.31％、6.15％、6.15％;观察组新生儿在出生时、6月龄、12月龄时的HBsAg阳性率、HBeAg阳性率、HBV-DNA≥100 IU/ml发生率均低于同期对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组患者治疗后均仅发生轻度不良反应,未经特殊处理自行消失.两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 慢性乙型肝炎妊娠患者应用替诺福韦酯进行母婴阻断效果较好,可以改善血清ALT、HBV-DNA水平,降低新生儿在出生时、6月龄、12月龄时的HBsAg阳性率、HBeAg阳性率、HBV-DNA≥100 IU/ml发生率,不影响新生儿出生5 min时Apgar评分.

目的 探讨小学生近视预防保健和护理的效果.方法 选取2017年3月～2018年4月在校查体的小学生近视者192例,随机数字表法分为对照组、观察组,各96例.对照组采取常规护理,观察组在此基础上进行预防保健和护理,对比两组护理满意度.结果 干预后,观察组护理满意度97.92％(94/96)高于对照组的77.08％(74/96),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 近视保健和护理可有效改善小学生近视情况,提升护理满意度.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of peginterferon ( PegIFN) α-2b in treatment of HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B ( CHB).Methods Thirty two patients with HBeAg-positive CHB admitted in Peking University Shenzhen Hospital during November 2013 and January 2014 were recruited in the study.Patients were center randomly assigned into two groups : 22 patients in test group were treated with 180 μg PegIFN α-2b, 1 /w for 48 wk; 10 patients in control group were treated with 180 μg PegIFN α-2a (Pegasys), 1 /w for 48wk.All patients were followed up for 24wk after treatment.Virology markers, HBV DNA levels and liver functions were monitored regularly , and adverse events were observed . Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the efficacy and safety between two groups .Results There were no statistically significant differences between the control group and test group in ALT normalization rates , HBV DNA negative rates and HBeAg serological conversion rates both at the end of treatment and at the end of 24-wk follow-up (all P >0.05).Both groups had similar adverse effect incidence rates (P >0.05), but retina disease occurred in 7 cases of test group, which was not observed in control group .Conclusion Compared with PegIFN α-2a, PegIFN α-2b has similar efficacy and safety for patients with HBeAg -positive CHB.

Objective To explore the value of health management in prevention and treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia.Methods The research object was people with MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism, HHcy and abnormal blood lipid had been screened in physical examination who were divided into a control group and a observation group. Two groups took specification of folic acid, vitamin B6 treatment, observation group to implement personalized health promotion interventions.Results Hcy and lipid of the control group was not signiifcantly lower in 6 months after drug treatment. There was no statistically signiifcant difference (P>0.05). Hcy and lipid of the control group was signiifcantly lower in 12 months after drug treatment.There was statistically signiifcant difference (P<0.001,P<0.05). Hcy and lipid of the observation group was signiifcantly lower in personalized health promotion intervention 6 months and 12 months later.There was statistically significant difference (P<0.001,P<0.001).Conclusion Health management can reduce the target population Hcy and lipid level, increase medication compliance, this will help to control the risk factors, prevent the happening of the cerebrovascular disease.

[目的]探讨护理干预对慢性乙型肝炎病人治疗依从性及生活质量的影响。[方法]将260例慢性乙型肝炎病人随机分为观察组和对照组各130例,对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组实施有针对性的护理干预。采用健康状况评估量表(SF 36)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评定两组病人干预前后生活质量、抑郁情况,比较两组治疗依从性情况。[结果]观察组病人干预后 SF 36评分优于对照组(P <0.05)；观察组干预后抑郁发生率降低且低于对照组(P <0.05),SDS 评分低于对照组(P <0.05)；观察组干预后治疗依从性高于对照组(P <0.05)。[结论]护理干预可提高慢性乙型肝炎病人治疗依从性及生活质量,有利于病人保持良好心态。

本文针对内科护士临床用药的问题和原因，制定了如何解决内科护士的临床用药的措施，只有医院，医生，护士，病人想结合才能有效减少医患关系，为护士提供更好的工作环境。

Objective To explore the effect of continuous health education on the lifestyle and behavior habits of patients with diabetes.Methods The dietary habits and lifestyle of 62 patients with diabetes were evaluated.According to the results of evaluation,patients were told about the knowledge of the disease and were given the consultation of dietary habit and lifestyle.After 1 month,3 months an d 6 months,evaluations were made on patients' dietary constitution,lifestyle, the mental conditions and blood sugar level.Results The diet,sports,weight,blood sugar level of patients were better obviously after nursing intervention 1 months,3 months,6 months compared with Continuous health education can improve the lifestyle and habits of patients with diabetes, and promote recovery from disease

Objective To explore QC group interventions reduce incidence rate of missed insulin injections to diabetes patients.Methods By establishing a continuing quality control ( QC ) team and condugng investigation analyses, finally some measures were worked out and came into play, the PDCA cycle was complied to improve the quality continuously.Results After the interventions, the incidence rate of missed insulin injections to diabetes patients fell from 30.5% to 5.2%, which was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.01 )Conclusions QC group intervention can effectively reduce incidence rate of missed insulin injections to diabetes patients.As a result, the blood glucose of the diabetes patients was controlled steady.the quality of health care and patient satisfaction can be improved.

Objective To explore the effect of laser radiation at Zusanli on the occurrence of diarrhea in critical patients undergoing enteral nutrition.Methods A total of 90 patients with respiratory failure undergoing enteral nutrition were divided into control group and experiment group.The nutrition plan and treatment kept the same in two groups while patients in experiment group were received laser radiation at Zusanli in addition.Results The incidence of diarrhea of experiment group was lower than that of control group and diarrhea occurred later in experiment group as well.Conclusion Laser radiation at Zusanli could reduce the incidence of diarrhea and prolong the period without diarrhea among critical patients,but it has no effect on the severity of diarrhea.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">报道农村５～１３月龄婴幼儿添加辅助食品对生长发育的影响。干预食品以粮谷豆亚及蛋类配制而成、观察指标主要为体重、身高等以及尿羟脯氨酸指数、Ｋａｕｐ指数和Ｖｅｒｖａｅｃｋ指数。实验４个月后．男女婴儿体重的增长、羟脯氨酸指数实验组均高于对照组，其它指标基本一致。实验８个月后．除体重、羟脯氨酸指数实验组仍超过对照组外．身长、ＫＩＵＰ指数也超过了对４照组。实验结果显示：母乳喂养的婴幼儿．进入５月龄后，由于乳汁质量的下降．添加适量的辅食．对保证和促进婴幼儿的正常生长发育有叫显的效果。</span>