Background and Aim:Cardiovascular disease affects both the elderly and younger populations, with cardiogenic arrest being the leading cause of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). The prognosis of IHCA related to cardiovascular diseases remains uncertain. This study aims to explore the characteristics, outcomes, and survival factors of IHCA with suspected cardiovascular etiology. Methods and Results:This retrospective study investigated IHCA suspected to be of cardiovascular origin among adult patients across multiple hospitals in Beijing, China, from January 2022 to December 2023. A total of 791 arrests were recorded, with a median age of 70 years (IQR 61-79), and 65.1 % were male. Ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular tachycardia was the initial rhythm in 46.8 % of cases. Of the 791 patients, 394 (49.8 %) achieved return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and 302 (38.2 %) had more than one arrest during hospitalization. Ultimately, 130 patients (16.4 %) survived to hospital discharge. Multivariable Cox regression showed that ROSC without mechanical circulatory support (HR: 2.68; 95 % CI 1.58-4.56), shockable initial rhythm (HR: 1.52; 95 % CI 1.06-2.17), and a duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of ≤ 30 min (HR: 1.82; 95 % CI 1.13-2.93) were independently associated with a higher likelihood of survival to discharge. In contrast, multiple CPR episodes (HR: 0.53; 95 % CI 0.36-0.76), prolonged hospital stays (HR: 0.90; 95 % CI 0.88-0.93), and IHCA in urban centers (HR: 0.60; 95 % CI 0.42-0.87) were linked to poorer survival. Conclusions:Among patients with suspected cardiovascular-related IHCA, both the proportion of shockable initial rhythms and ROSC rates were high; however, survival to discharge remained low.

ABSTRACT Objectives This study aims to comprehensively describe and analyze the disease burden of falls attributed to low bone mineral density (BMD) in China from 1990 to 2019. Furthermore, we seek to predict the future trends of this burden from 2020 to 2030 to inform evidence‐based prevention and control strategies. Methods Using data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, we conducted an in‐depth analysis of mortality and disability‐adjusted life year (DALY) trends related to falls attributed to low BMD in China from 1990 to 2019. An age‐period‐cohort (APC) model was employed to estimate mortality risk, accounting for age, period, and cohort effects. A Bayesian framework was utilized to project mortality and DALY rates for the period 2020–2030. Results From 1990 to 2019, there was a significant increase in both crude death rate (224.79%) and DALY rate (196.27%) among the Chinese population affected by falls due to low bone mineral density. The standardized death rate was higher among males compared to females; however, the standardized DALY rate remained lower than that observed among females throughout this period. Importantly, China witnessed a greater surge in deaths and DALYs compared with global figures as well as other socio‐demographic index regions during this time frame. The APC model demonstrated a global change of 1.06% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.910–1.210) for men and 0.29% (95% CI: 0.147–0.426) for women over time. The death rate increased across all age groups for men, while it specifically increased for women aged 62.5 years and older. The risk of mortality dramatically escalates for individuals over 80 years old. Projections indicate a decline in the standardized mortality rate from falls due to low bone mineral density in both men and women in China during the period of 2020–2030; however, an increase is anticipated in the standardized DALY rate. Conclusions The mortality risk associated with falls due to low BMD in China is influenced by age, period, and cohort effects. Strengthening fall prevention and treatment strategies for older adults and younger birth cohorts, as well as addressing fall‐related disabilities, is crucial to reducing the substantial burden posed by non‐fatal falls. Targeted interventions are needed to mitigate the growing health and economic impacts of this public health issue.

INTRODUCTION:Understanding the impact of public health and social measures (PHSMs) on influenza transmission is crucial for developing effective influenza prevention and control strategies. METHODS:This modeling study analyzed data from 2017 to 2022, in Beijing, China. Weekly influenza positive rate and influenza-like rate were incorporated to quantify the community-level influenza activities. The effective reproduction number and influenza attack rate were estimated using a branching process model and a transmission dynamics model, respectively. The impact of PHSMs was quantified through log-linear regression and counterfactual simulations under varying PHSM scenarios. RESULTS:The transmissibility of influenza decreased by 68.41% (95%CI: 52.43, 78.80) in 2020, 67.07% (95%CI: 50.80, 77.89) in 2021 and 79.08% (95%CI: 63.18, 88.06) in 2022, and the attack rate dropped by 93.47% (95%CI: 85.86, 95.78), 95.37% (95%CI: 94.30, 96.89) and 71.61% (95%CI: 42.96, 81.24) over the same period, primarily due to the PHSMs. The simulation shows that strict PHSMs effectively suppressed the current flu epidemic effectively. When susceptible individuals drop to 50%, a relaxed strategy results in a smaller rebound in the next flu season, with epidemic sizes increasing to 1.18 (1.10, 1.30), 1.41 (1.20, 1.54), and 1.54 (1.35, 1.55) for relaxed, moderate, and strict measures, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Our study confirms the suppressive effect of coronavirus disease 2019 PHSMs on influenza transmission in Beijing. However, the relaxation of these measures' triggers resurgence, emphasizing the need for adaptive control strategies tailored to the population susceptibility and epidemic dynamics.

BACKGROUND:Femoral neck fractures (FNFs) pose a notable challenge in the elderly population, given the high associated mortality rates and costs. The choice between internal fixation (IF) and hip arthroplasty (HA) has long been debated, yet existing guidelines often overlooked the crucial influence of comorbidities. With the increasing number of hip fracture cases globally and the complexity of patient conditions, it is essential to identify the key factors that truly affect surgical outcomes. METHODS:We conducted a large-scale retrospective study across 152 Beijing hospitals, including 25,764 patients aged 60+ years with FNF. After excluding those with severe preexisting conditions, we collected data on patient characteristics and used advanced statistical methods for analysis. RESULTS:Among the patients, 4568 received IF and 21,196 received HA. IF decreased 1-year mortality in patients with fewer than four comorbidities, whereas HA was more beneficial for those with four or more comorbidities. Mortality predicted by comorbidities was notably lower than that by age and sex (2.379% versus 2.790%, P < 0.001), and age had no marked influence on outcomes. CONCLUSION:In summary, for elderly patients with FNF, comorbidity profile, rather than age or sex, should be the key determinant in surgical choices to reduce all-cause mortality. These findings support the refinement of surgical guidelines and have implications for geriatric care. Future research should focus on enhancing comorbidity assessment in surgical planning.

Liver cirrhosis remains a major health concern globally, but its epidemiology and etiology evolve with time. However, the changing pattern in etiology and cause of liver-related mortality for patients with cirrhosis are not fully elucidated. Herein, our aim was to characterize the temporal trend of the etiological spectrum and evaluate the impact of etiology on liver-related death among patients with compensated cirrhosis (CC) in Beijing, China. Clinical profiles of patients with CC discharged between January 2008 and December 2015 were retrieved from the Beijing hospital discharge database. The mortalities of different etiologies of cirrhosis were calculated. The risks of readmission and liver-related death associated with etiologies were evaluated by the Cox regression model. A total of 23 978 cirrhotic patients were included. The predominant cause was hepatitis B virus (HBV) (58.93%), followed by alcohol (21.35%), autoimmune (14.85%), miscellaneous etiologies (3.55%), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) (1.32%). From 2008 to 2015, the proportion of HBV-related cirrhosis decreased to 28.11%. Meanwhile, the proportions of autoimmune- and miscellaneous-related cirrhosis increased to 28.54% and 13.11%. The risk of liver-related death ranked the highest in patients with miscellaneous cirrhosis, followed by HBV-related cirrhosis, alcohol-related cirrhosis, autoimmune-related cirrhosis, and HCV-related cirrhosis. The 5-year rates of liver-related death were 22.56%, 18.99%, 18.77%, 16.01%, and 10.76%, respectively. HBV-related cirrhosis caused the highest risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-related death, whereas alcohol- and miscellaneous-related cirrhosis caused higher risks of decompensation (DC)-related death than HBV-related cirrhosis, with hazard ratios of 1.35 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24-1.48) and 1.20 (95% CI: 1.03-1.40), respectively. HBV remained a common cause of liver cirrhosis but gradually decreased. Mortality disparities existed in etiologies, with higher risks of HCC-related death in HBV-related cirrhosis, and DC-related death in alcohol- and miscellaneous-related cirrhosis.

Family history of respiratory disease (FHRD) is linked to chronic bronchitis (CB).This study aimed to investigate whether FHRD interacted with age and body mass index (BMI) to increase the risk of CB. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 22533 participants enrolled from the Beijing Population Health Cohort Study. Age and BMI were transformed into binary variables using cut-off points of 65 years old and 24 kg/m2, correspondingly. Logistic regression was used to examine the independent and interactive effects among FHRD, age and BMI on CB. Additive interactions between FHRD and age or BMI were further estimated using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attribute proportion due to interaction (AP), and synergy index (S). FHRD was positively associated with the risk of CB (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.92–2.55 ), which was enhanced by age ≥ 65 years old to 3.43 (95% CI 2.53–4.65) and by BMI ≥ 24 kg/ m2 to 2.99 (95% CI 2.40–3.72). There was no significant additive interaction between FHRD and age or BMI on CB. FHRD, older age and higher BMI were independently associated with increased risk of CB. Nevertheless, no interactive effects between FHRD and age or BMI were observed, and further studies were needed.

目的 了解2012-2021年北京市朝阳区居民脑卒中死亡特征及变化趋势,为脑卒中防治提供参考.方法 收集2012-2021年北京市朝阳区居民脑卒中死亡登记资料和人口资料,计算脑卒中的死亡率、标化死亡率、减寿年数、早死概率和年度变化百分比(APC)等指标来分析脑卒中的死亡特征及变化趋势.结果 2012-2021年北京市朝阳区居民脑卒中粗死亡率55.01/105,标化死亡率25.15/105,男性高于女性(x2=269.18,P＜0.001),2012-2021年脑卒中标化死亡率呈逐年下降的趋势(APC=-4.78％,P＜0.001),60～79岁组脑卒中死亡率逐年降低(APC=-7.50％,P＜0.001);80岁及以上年龄组有2个拐点,2013年比2012年脑卒中死亡率明显增高,2013-2016年脑卒中死亡率逐年下降(APC=-25.92％,P=0.026),2017-2021年逐年上升(APC=4.81％,P=0.019);缺血性脑卒中粗死亡率和标化死亡率均高于出血性脑卒中,P＜0.001;男性脑卒中早死概率高于女性,女性脑卒中早死概率逐年下降(APC=-9.24％,P＜0.001);出血性脑卒中早死概率高于缺血性脑卒中,缺血性脑卒中和出血性脑卒中早死概率均逐年下降(APC=-4.30％,P＜0.001;APC=-2.96％,P=0.02);男性脑卒中减寿年数、平均减寿年数和减寿率均高于女性,女性脑卒中减寿率逐年降低(APC=-2.47％,P＜0.001);缺血性脑卒中减寿率低于出血性脑卒中,缺血性和出血性脑卒中减寿率均逐年下降(APC=-2.76％,P=0.03;APC=-1.98％,P=0.02).结论 朝阳区脑卒中防治取得一定的效果,仍需加强男性、60岁及以上人群脑卒中的防治,重点关注出血性脑卒中对居民寿命损失的影响.

Flood disasters are the common public health emergencies,mainly leading to environmental damage,water pollution,food pollution,vector breeding,infectious disease epidemic and other risk factors of sanitary and anti-epidemic work.The guideline has been formulated with reference to the technical documents such as Guideline for Environmental Sanitation Disposal and Preven-tive Disinfection in Flooded Areas and Technical Proposal for Sanitary and Anti-epidemic Measures after Flood Disasters,as well as the latest research progress at home and abroad.In order to guide the sanitary and anti-epidemic measures in flooded areas,protect the health and safety of students and teachers and ensure the normal educational and teaching order,the guideline introduces the key measures that should be taken by schools,teachers and students in flood-striken areas.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cluster epidemic caused by Omicron variant BA2.2 in Market A of Beijing, so as to provide reference for future epidemic prevention and control.Methods:The data of COVID-19 cases in Market A of Beijing in 2022 were collected, and the epidemiological characteristics were analyzed. Respiratory tract specimens were collected for nucleic acid detection by real-time RT-PCR and sequencing analysis.Results:From April 30 to May 10, 2022, a total of 53 COVID-19 cases were reported, including 42 confirmed cases (79.2%) and 11 asymptomatic cases (20.8%). There were 33 male cases (62.3%) and 20 female cases (37.7%). The age ranged from 20 to 68 years old with a median age of 44 years old. The shortest incubation period was 3.2 days and the secondary attack rate was 33.3%.Conclusions:The epidemic situation in the market was affected by the speed of investigation for the index case. After the market is sealed and controlled, measures such as centralized isolation should be taken as soon as possible to avoid greater transmission risk.

Objective:To evaluate detection capability of pool testing and summarize characters of results by collecting the test results of pooled samples for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Beijing, so as to provide reference for the pool testing strategy for detection of SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious disease pathogens in the future.Methods:The positive pooled samples from November 3 to 17, 2022 were collected. the epidemiological investigation and laboratory test were applied for nucleic acid positive persons and the results were summarize and analyzed.Results:A total of 942 "10-in-1" pooled samples with positive results were collected with (0.98 ± 0.05) nucleic acid positive person detected in each sample. In the 812 pooled samples with positive detection of patient by individual sampling, the proportion of positive in open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab) gene and nucleocapsid protein (N) gene with Ct ≥ 30 were 59.7% and 67.9% respectively. Among 923 infected persons, the proportions of Ct <30 for ORF1ab and N gene by individual sampling were 72.2% and 64.6%, respectively. The mean differences for ORF1ab and N genes between pooled and individual samples were 4.44±6.85 and 4.40±6.93, respectively. The spatial distribution showed that there was obvious aggregation in the distribution of infected persons tested by pooled and individual sampling.Conclusions:The pool testing strategy can effectively detect positive persons in practice. Applying the strategy may also effectively identify the spatial clustering and realize the role of early warning in the future testing for population.

目的 探讨1990-2019 年北京市食管癌死亡率的变化趋势,为食管癌防治提供依据.方法 利用北京市1990-2019 年死因监测资料,采取年龄-时期-队列(Age-period-cohort,APC)模型和内生因子法(IE)估计北京市食管癌死亡风险的年龄、时期和队列效应.结果 1990-2019 年北京市食管癌死亡率呈波动式下降,最低值为7.12/10 万(2000-2004 年),升至7.93/10 万(2010-2014 年)之后又开始下降;标化死亡率整体呈下降趋势,从 12.53/10 万(1990 年)下降到4.04/10 万(2019 年),下降了67.78％.1990 年北京男性标化死亡率是女性的 2.4 倍,2019 年该比例上升至 4.9 倍.APC模型分析显示,北京市食管癌死亡风险的年龄效应随年龄增加而升高,80～84 岁组死亡风险最高,死亡风险系数为 1.957;时期效应较为平缓,2015-2019 年相对风险为0.852;出生队列效应总体呈下降趋势,变化速度波动较大,同 1910-1914 年出生人群相比,1980-1984 年出生人群食管癌死亡相对风险为0.032.结论 1990-2019 年北京市食管癌死亡率呈下降趋势.食管癌死亡风险与年龄和出生队列效应有关,年龄越大死亡风险越高,越晚出生的人死亡风险越低.需重点加强对男性和中老年人群的食管癌防治工作.

Objective:To understand the construction status of research wards in the first model research wards in Beijing, and provide reference for promoting their high-quality development.Methods:From July to September 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the setting mode, facility deployment, operational efficiency, and implementation of supportive policies of the research wards among the first batch of model research wards in Beijing. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the questionnaire data.Results:The 8 hospitals surveyed had all set up specialized research wards; 5 of them had shared research wards, including 4 general hospitals and 1 specialized hospital. The number of research ward beds in each hospital ranged from 31 to 120, with only 1 hospital having research ward beds accounting for 11.3% of the hospital′s beds, while the other 7 hospitals were less than 10.0%. Compared with 2020, the number of clinical research projects carried out in the research wards of 8 hospitals in 2021 have increased by a total of 403, while the ethical review time was less than or equal to 14 working days, 2.5 working days shorter than 2020; 4 hospitals could complete the experimental project approval within 60 working days and the first visit within 22 working days, while 5 hospitals could complete the research conclusion within 14 working days. There were 2 hospitals that link the performance evaluation of research wards with salary distribution, and 3 hospitals link it with professional title evaluation and employment.Conclusions:The model research wards in Beijing have adopted different setting modes for the construction of research wards, all operating well. It is recommended to further improve such areas as selecting a research ward setting mode to fit the needs of the hospital, optimizing and integrating the resource allocation of research wards, improving operational efficiency to increase market competitiveness, and effectively implementing supportive policies related to human resource management. These practices can better promote the high-quality construction of research wards and comprehensively enhance the supportive role of clinical research in pharmaceutical and healthcare collaborative innovation.

Evidences supported many food additives (FAs) possess toxicity to human health due to chronic excessive exposure. Global hygienic standards strictly limit the dosage of each FA and mixture of the same functional FAs. However, the synergetic effects caused by the combination of FAs with different functions require careful evaluation. In the present study, the content of each FA in beverages was determined by HPLC-UV-Vis detec-tion. The cytotoxic effects of selected typical FAs alone or their combination were evaluated in human renal tubular epithelial cells. Mathematical Modeling and bioinformatics methods were employed to evaluate the toxicity of FAs and to predict the key target proteins of FAs on renal tubular cell toxicity, which were verified by western blot. The results indicated above 5 FAs were used in each surveyed beverage. The content of each FA and the respective ratios of the same functional FAs in each beverage did not exceed the maximum permit-ted level. But it was intensively shown that the significant synergistic cytotoxicity for the combination of FAs with lower concentration. The intercellular signaling transduction pathways including JNK/STAT, PI3P/AKT, and MAPK pathways, which could also be activated by PDGF signaling, were predicted to be involved in Fas-induced cytotoxicity. The increased expression of p-STAT3, p-JNK and p-AKT was associated with renal tubular injury. The current study implied the synergistic cytotoxic effect caused by multiple FAs at no toxic dosages via activated cellular transduction pathways regulating cell survival and apoptosis function, which warning of the synergistic toxic effects of different types of FAs.

What is already known about this topic?:Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the most easily available health indicative markers for cardiovascular diseases, and it has become a major public health problem worldwide due to increasing urbanization and aging populations. The prevalence of MetS increased dramatically in China, however, there are no records of MetS defined by the 2017 Chinese Diabetes Society for Beijing by far.What is added by this report?:In this study, the data of 24,412 participants aged 18-74 years from a large population-based study in Beijing was collected. The overall prevalence of MetS among Beijing residents was 24.5%. The prevalence was 35.2% in males and 15.4% in females.What are the implications for public health practice?:Effective public health strategies should target males, people with older age, lower education, higher body mass index, smokers, those who drink alcohol, those who are unemployed or retired, and those who live in rural areas on MetS prevention and control.

目的 应用三种方法测算北京市≥15岁居民健康期望寿命(healthy-adjusted life ex-pectancy,HALE),评价北京市人群健康状况.方法 收集北京市居民死因监测数据、北京市居民死因漏报调查数据、北京市居民自报健康调查数据和全球疾病负担研究(Global Burden of Disease Study,GBD)中北京市因伤残导致的寿命损失(years lived with disability,YLD)数据,计算自评伤残测度、HOPIT模型(Hierarchical ordered probit model)校正伤残测度和GBD伤残测度,通过沙利文(Sullivan)方法分别测算北京市≥15岁居民自评健康寿命年(healthy life years,HLY)、HOPIT模型校正的健康期望寿命(HALE_HOPIT)和GBD健康期望寿命(HALE_GBD).结果 北京市2015年,15～＜20岁组居民期望寿命(life expectancy,LE)为67.7岁,HLY、HALE_HOPIT和HALE_GBD分别为51.9岁、44.1岁和57.8岁.在不同性别、各个年龄组均为HALE_GBD＞HLY＞ HALE_HOPIT.HLY、HALE_HOPIT和HALE GBD均随着年龄增长呈下降趋势.所有年龄组女性HLY和HALE GBD均高于男性,＜80岁女性组HALE_HOPIT也高于男性,但≥80岁女性组HALE_HOPIT略低于男性.结论 三种HALE测算结果存在较大差异,但性别、年龄趋势一致,均揭示北京市≥15岁居民因伤残损失较多的健康寿命年.三种测算结果的不同与对"健康"测量方法不同有关,仍需持续开展相关调查研究.

目的 分析2010-2020年北京市户籍女性乳腺癌死亡情况及趋势,为开展乳腺癌的防控工作提供科学依据.方法 基于2010-2020年北京市女性乳腺癌死因监测资料,计算死亡率、标化死亡率及每10万人过早死亡损失寿命年等指标,分析2010-2020年患者发病到死亡时间变化趋势及发生继发转移所占比例,采用Joinpoint软件分析2010-2020年北京市女性乳腺癌标化死亡率与年龄别死亡率的变化趋势.结果 2010-2020年北京市户籍女性因乳腺癌死亡总例数为9 108例,2020年粗死亡率为14.43/10万,较2010年(10.84/10万)上升了 33.12％[平均年度变化百分比(AAPC)=3.10％,P＜0.001],年龄标化后上升趋势减缓(AAPC=1.10％,P=0.012).2010-2020年北京市户籍女性因乳腺癌死亡年龄中位数及患者从发病到死亡的生存时间中位数均整体上升.结论 2010-2020年乳腺癌仍是北京市女性因恶性肿瘤死亡的主要原因,居恶性肿瘤死因顺位第5位,近年来发病率及死亡率呈逐年上升趋势,但生存期相对延长,说明北京市近年来的乳腺癌防治工作有效.

Background: The intramedullary fixation for the management of intertrochanteric fractures has replaced the extramedullary fixation without strong evidence regarding its effect on survival and hospital readmission. We sought to determine the effect of two fixation method on mortality and readmission rate among elder intertrochanteric fracture patients.Methods: We did a retrospective cohort study of intertrochanteric fracture patients (≥60 years) who underwent intramedullary or extramedullary fixation, using two population-based samples of 26988 patients in Beijing from 2008 to 2016 and 61401 patients in USA from 2013 to 2016. The primary outcome measure was mortality and the incidence of hospital readmissions. Association between internal fixation methods and outcomes were examined by multivariate analysis, propensity score matching, and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). We did subgroup analyses of death by age and comorbidities, and re-created the PS model in each subgroup.Findings: The proportion of intramedullary fixation increased from 21·23% to 77.79% in Beijing from 2008 to 2016, while proportion of intramedullary fixation was 98·26% in USA. After adjusted, extramedullary fixation had significantly lower in-hospital mortality than intramedullary fixation in Beijing, opposite to the result gained from USA database. Follow-up data on long-term outcomes (1-month, 6-month and 1-year) only were available in Beijing. 1-year mortality was 4·96% among patients who underwent intramedullary fixation and 3·66% among those who underwent extramedullary fixation (risk difference, 1·30%, 95% confidence interval [CI], -1·79% to -0·81%; hazard ratio, 0·82, 95% CI, 0·72 to 0·93). Extramedullary fixation was also associated with lower hospital readmission rate (hazard ratio, 0·88, 95% CI, 0·81 to 0·97). Results were similar after propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability weighting (IPTW) matching, as well as in two sensitivity analyses. Subgroup analyses identified the characteristics of specific patients who still had significantly lower risk of death when underwent extramedullary fixation, including advanced age (>70 years old), comorbidities ≥5 or ≤2, or comorbidity of pulmonary disease/heart disease/stroke.Interpretation: Compared to the intramedullary fixation, the extramedullary fixation was associated with lower postoperative mortality and readmission rate. Overwhelming application of intramedullary fixation would bring more difficulties and bias to further real-world study.Funding: National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFC2004906); Beijing Natural Science Foundation-Haidian original Innovation Joint Foundation (L192016)Declaration of Interest: The authors declare support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Program of Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission.Ethical Approval: This study was approved by the biomedical ethics board of the Chinese PLA General Hospital (Ethical Approval No.: S2019-014-01)

目的:分析2010年至2019年北京市户籍居民缺血性心脏病死亡疾病负担,为北京市心血管病防控提供依据.方法:利用北京市人口死亡信息登记管理系统2010年至2019年死因监测数据,描述户籍人口缺血性心脏病标化死亡率和寿命损失年(YLL)的变化情况,并进行国际比较.结果:2010年至2019年北京市户籍居民缺血性心脏病死亡率呈现上升趋势、标化死亡率呈现下降趋势,至2019年缺血性心脏病死亡率为155.07/10万,标化死亡率为63.23/10万.YLL率2010年2 569.40/10万与2019年2 561.37/10万基本持平,标化YLL率从2010年1542.83/10万下降至2019年1 181.32/10万.2019年标化死亡率和标化YLL率低于全球和全国平均水平,与高收入国家基本持平.结论:北京市户籍居民缺血性心脏病死亡状况不容乐观,与全球高收入国家基本持平,但与亚太高收入国家尚存在差距.

目的 分析2010-2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病死亡特征,并与全球疾病负担2019(GBD 2019)研究结果进行比较,为北京市脑血管病的防控提供参考依据.方法 利用2010-2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病死因监测数据,测算死亡率和标化死亡率等指标,应用Joinpoint回归模型分析户籍居民脑血管病死亡率及标化死亡率变化趋势.结果 2010-2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病死亡率范围为107.37/10万～122.46/10万,标化死亡率由2010年的79.18/10万下降至2019年的59.61/10万(平均年度变化百分比=-2.10％,P＜0.05),男性脑血管病死亡率和标化死亡率均高于女性.2010-2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病死亡率随年龄增长而上升,85岁及以上年龄组死亡率最高,85岁以下各年龄组死亡率均呈下降趋势(P＜0.05).脑血管病死亡以缺血性脑卒中和脑出血为主,2019年分别占脑血管病死亡的74.32％和23.67％,急性脑血管病死亡率及标化死亡率均呈下降趋势(P＜0.05).2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病死亡率在全球处于高位(第178位),但标化死亡率在全球处于低位(第61位)02019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病标化死亡率分别低于全球和中国水平,高于可比较国家(日本、韩国和新加坡)水平,但下降速度仅次于新加坡和韩国.结论 2010-2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病标化死亡率、85岁以下各年龄组死亡率以及急性脑血管病死亡率和标化死亡率均呈下降趋势.未来仍需关注男性和高年龄人群脑血管病后遗症的防控.2019年北京市脑血管病标化死亡率高于日本、韩国和新加坡,北京市脑血管病的防控可参考和借鉴高健康水平国家的相关医疗卫生政策.

What is already known about this topic? Airflow obstruction is the hallmark of many chronic respiratory diseases and may indicate the potential for the development of other progressive diseases. There are currently no representative studies of lung function in Beijing. An up-to-date estimation of the characteristics of lung function and airflow obstruction is thus needed. What is added by this report? The estimated prevalence of airflow obstruction was 14.68% in Beijing, 2017–2018. The values of vital capacity, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in the first second were 3.09 L, 2.66 L, 2.22 L, respectively. What are the implications for public health practice? Effective public health strategy for lung in Beijing should target older people, current or former smokers, and individuals who live in urban environments, have a low education level, exhibit a high smoking index, and/or have an abnormal body mass index.