Tobacco anthracnose(Colletotrichum nicotianae)is a major disease that occurs at the seedling stage of tobacco.In this study,the mycelial growth rate method was employed to investigate the antifungal effects of the extracts from the stem-leaf and root,the root exudates,and the combinations of garlic, Scrophularia ningpoensis,Chuanmingshen violaceum and Pinellia ternate on Colletotrichum nicotianae. Stem-leaf and root extracts of garlic,S. ningpoensis,C. violaceum and P. ternata all exhibited,in dif-ferent extents,antifungal activities,and the inhibition increased with increasing concentration of the ex-tract.Garlic showed the strongest antifungal activity,the inhibition rate of its steam-leaf and root extracts being as high as 100% at 0.50 g/mL,The next one was S. ningpoensis,the inhibition rate of its steam-leaf extracts at 0.25 g/mL and root extracts at 0.50 g/mL being up to 58.40% and 57.20%,respectively. The inhibitory effect of C. violaceum and P. ternata was relatively low.The antifungal activity of garlic bulb was stronger than that of its stem-leaf while the stem-leaf of S. ningpoensis showed stronger inhibi-tory effect than its root extracts.The combination of stem-leaf and root extracts of C. violaceum exhibited a significant gain effect in fungistasis.The root exudates of garlic,S. ningpoensis,C. violaceum and P. ternata showed fungistasis to C. nicotianae,and their fungistasis was enhanced with increasing concentra-tion.Their antifungal effect appeared in the order of garlic > C. violaceum > S. ningpoensis > P. ter-nata.The antifungal activity of the combination of extracts and root exudates from S. ningpoensis and C. violaceum was located between their extracts and root exudates,and the antifungal activity of P. ternate decreased slightly.Conclusion:Garlic,S. ningpoensis and C. violaceum can be potentially applied to pre-vent and control tobacco anthracnose.

为快速扩繁食蚜瘿蚊种群,满足田间生物防治需求,从技术规程制定原则、繁育设施与条件、繁殖程序及技术要点等方面总结出一套操作简便、成本较低,推广应用性强的技术规程.

Using the temperature data of 6 county meteorological stations and 6 field microclimate stations in Zunyi,from these two aspects that the maximum temperature, the minimum temperature and the average temperature reflects the characteristics of the temperature , as well as the temperature horizontal and vertical changes in the three-dimensional climate characteristics were comparative analysis .The results showed that the trend of temperature changes in the county meteorological observatories and that of the field microclimate observatories were consistent , but the values of diurnal difference were quite different , and the meteorological data of the field microclimate observatories reflected the mountain climate characteristics more concretely.

In order to improve quality and security of tobacco leaves,the total quality control of tobacco production system was established on comprehensive standard system of good quality flue-cured tobacco.We can use it to realize information management of tobacco production process.The monitoring targets of the total quality control of tobacco production system are the tobacco leaves condition,producing technology and the environment.The monitor work of the total quality control of tobacco production system was scientifically set up with indices,detection,appraisal and regulation system.To enhance the quality of tobacco and ensure quality safety,the monitoring system was established and realized the information management.After using the system,we found that the realization rate of tobacco production technology increased substantially from 2008-2011,and advanced and practical technologies were extended over the years.The prediction error for tobacco yield was less than 0.1%,the tobacco yield and value was 25.21% and 69.55% higher than in 2007,respectively.The system can monitor the procedure of growth and quality and provide great decision supports for tobacco production.