类风湿关节炎是一种多发性自身免疫性疾病,多累及关节,最终会导致关节的畸形,在自然病程中,10年致残率可超过60％,严重影响生活质量.类风湿关节炎的动物模型在其发病机制、治疗方法、治疗靶点等方面的研究中发挥重要作用.本综述主要介绍几种常见类风湿关节炎动物模型的构建方法、发病机制及其应用,以便在今后的疾病研究中选择合适的动物模型.

Objects To evaluate the glucocorticoid therapeutic effect and detect the immune mechanism of fractions of exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO) in bronchial asthma in children.Methods Total of 192 bronchial asthma children patients were employed,including 122 males and 70 females.According to clinical symptoms,low and medium amounts of glucocorticoid was treated for 15,30 and 60 days,respectively.FeNO,lung function and amount of peripheral blood eosinophils were detected and examined in three groups,before and after treatment of glucocorticoid.Results Comparing to pretreated,children treated with glucocorticoid for 15 and 30 days exhaled significantly lower FeNO [(30.37 ± 19.8)ppb vs (39.94 ±23.60)ppb,(22.3 ± 15.18)ppb vs (28.17 ± 24.06)ppb,both P ＜ 0.05],and the lung function of 30-day treatment group improved more remarkable,with peak expiratory flow (PEF) increasing significantly [(101.38 ± 16.75)L/S vs (98.01 ± 16.01)L/S,P ＜0.05].15-day glucocorticoid treatment group's peripheral blood eosinophils decreased obviously,comparing to pre-treatment [(5.94 ± 3.43) vs(7.33 ± 5.46),P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion In children with bronchial asthma,detection of FeNO can be used to reflect the changes of peripheral blood eosinophils and airway inflammation,the combinative detection of FeNO and patients' lung function is a convenient and useful monitor method for the therapeutic effect of glucocorticoid on the bronchial asthma.

Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression vector of mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein.Methods The target DNA fragments of mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein gene was obtained from PCR amplification,then the cDNA fragment was ligated into pMDTM18-T Vector.After double-enzyme digestion,the MAVS gene was transferred into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA6/myc-HisA.The constructs transformed into E.coil JM109 and positive clones were picked by pcDNA6/myc-HisA-MAVS PCR amplification.This construct was confirmed by PCR and DNA sequencing.Results The eukaryotic expression vector of mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein was constructed correctly.The recombinant vector was transfected into OL cells,and the expression of the recombinant protein was detected by western blotting.Conclusion The successfully constructed pcDNA6/myc-HisA MAVS plasmid is useful to study the gene's function and effects in cells.This study is for further study of the mechanism of gene function.

Epidemiological studies have examined the association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and breast cancer, but the findings are inconclusive. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of HPV in breast cancer tissue in patients from northeastern China and define the association between HPV and breast cancer using meta-analysis.

目的 构建博尔纳病病毒(Borna disease virus,BDV)X蛋白真核表达载体,为BDV X蛋白的功能研究奠定基础.方法 从BDV持续感染的人少突胶质瘤细胞(oligodentrocyte,OL)的总RNA中,通过逆转录和PCR获得BDV X基因的完整序列,将其连接到pcDNA6-myc-His (A)载体上,转化至E.coli感受态细菌后,提取质粒筛选阳性克隆,通过PCR法和DNA测序进行鉴定,并转染至OL细胞,通过Western blot方法验证重组蛋白的表达.结果 测序鉴定目的基因序列正确插入至pcDNA6-myc-His(A)载体的酶切位点,PCR扩增的基因片段大小与目的基因相同,Western blot证明转染至OL细胞后可表达BDV X-His融合蛋白.结论 成功构建了博尔纳病病毒X基因真核表达载体pcDNA6-myc-His (A)-BDV X.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 infection is considered as one of the significant causes of human cervical cancer. The expression of the viral oncogenes like E6 and E7 play an important role in the development of the cancer. MiR-122 has been reported to exhibit a strong relationship with hepatitis viruses and take part in several tumor development, while the effects of miR-122 on HPV infection and the HPV viral oncogenes expression still remain unexplored. In this study, using RNAhybrid software, the potential binding sites between miR-122 and HPV16 E6 and E7 mRNAs were identified. Over and loss of miR122 function showed that miR-122 could directly bind with HPV16 E6 mRNA and significantly inhibit its expression in SiHa cells, which was further confirmed by constructing the miR-122-E6-mu to eliminate the miR-122 binding effects with E6. The increase of the expression of type I interferon (IFN) and its classical effective molecules and the phosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT1) protein indicated that miR-122 might enhance type I interferon in cervical carcinoma cells, which explained the significant reduction of HPV16 E7 and E6*I mRNA expression. This might be due to the binding between miR-122 and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) mRNA, which is the suppressor of interferon signaling pathway. Moreover, it was identified that the miR-122 binding position was nt359-nt375 in SOCS1 mRNA. Taken together, this study indicated that HPV16 could be effectively inhibited by miR-122 through both direct binding with E6 mRNA and promoting SOCS1-dependent IFN signaling pathway. Thus, miR-122 may serve as a new therapeutic option for inhibiting HPV infection.

本研究选取五年制本科和七年制研究生作为教学对象,通过理论课、实验课和课外活动三部分进行了医学微生物学双语教学的实践和探索,最终达到了培养学生英文思维,提高学生专业英语水平,普及和提高教师双语教学能力的目的。

Overexpression of metadherin (MTDH) has been reported in many solid tumors and implicated in chemoresistance. This study aimed to examine MTDH expression in cervical cancer tissues and explore its role in chemoresistance of cervical cancer. MTDH expression in cervical cancer biopsies and several cervical cancer cell lines was detected by immunoblotting and immunohistochemisty. MTDH expression level was experimentally modulated in HeLa cells to determine the effects on chemoresistance to cisplatin. The results showed that MTDH expression was higher in tissues from both cervical squamous carcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma, compared to normal cervical tissues. MTDH expression was not correlated to patient age or cervical cancer grade, although nuclear MTDH expression was correlated with poor differentiation of cervical cancer. In SiHa, HeLa, CasKi, and C33A cells, MTDH expression level was positively correlated with chemoresistance to cisplatin. MTDH increased autophagy in HeLa cells, which was associated with decreased cleavage of Caspase-3 and the activation of EER/NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, MTDH expression is high in cervical cancer, and it contributes to chemoresistance of cervical cancer. MTDH could be utilized as a therapeutic target to overcome chemoresistance of cervical cancer.

Objective To establish a pituitary adenoma xenograft models with stable luciferase expression in nude mice,and real-timely observe the growth characteristics of tumor by in vivo bioluminescence imaging system.Methods The transfected GH3-luc and MMQ-luc cells were screened with G418 for selecting the cell line with stable luciferase expression,and the xenograft models were established through subcutaneously inoculating the two cell lines into BALB/c nude mice.The tumorigenicity and tumors growth were observed by in vivo bioluminescence imaging system.Results The GH3-luc and MMQ-luc xenograft models with stable luciferase expression were established successfully in nude mice.Surface ruler measurement showed that the xenograft grew slowly during 10 days after inoculating GH3-luc and MMQ-luc cells,the tumors volume had a rapid growth from 15 to 30 days,and MMQ-luc xenograft grew faster than GH3-luc xenograft under the same culture conditions.The in vivo bioluminescence imaging system measurement showed that fluorescence intensity of xenograft tumor inoculated with GH3-luc was higher on the 20th day than the 10th day.The tumor volume change was similar measured by in vivo bioluminescence imaging system and tumor ruler measurement,and was slightly smaller measured by surface ruler measurement.Conclusions A pituitary adenoma xenograft model with stable luciferase expression is established successfully in nude mice.The model not only can be used to real-timely observe the tumorigenicity and tumor growth by in vivo bioluminescence imaging system,but also provide a convenient and effective platform for research of pituitary adenoma and drug development.