Effective management of the water–sediment-ecology nexus in silt-laden rivers is a critical challenge for global hydrological sustainability. This study investigates the multi-objective coordinated operation of the Sanmenxia (SMX) and Xiaolangdi (XLD) cascade reservoirs in the Yellow River Basin, a system characterized by severe sedimentation and competing water demands. To address the complex, non-linear trade-offs between hydropower generation, sediment flushing, and downstream ecological protection, we implement an adaptive multi-objective JAYA algorithm (MOJAYA).The MOJAYA framework incorporates a two-population progressive optimization strategy and multidimensional adaptive search techniques to navigate the high-dimensional search space and stringent physical constraints inherent in multireservoir systems. Furthermore, a multivariate dependence analysis using Gaussian Copula functions is employed to quantify the inherent conflict intensity between the three objectives. Our results indicate a pervasive negative correlation across the operational landscape (r=-0.90), statistically validating the “high-water-head versus low-water-level” trade-off required for simultaneous hydropower and sediment management.Simulation results across representative wet, normal, and dry hydrological years demonstrate that the optimized schemes significantly outperform actual operations. Specifically, in wet years, power generation increases by 5% while the ecological water shortage rate is reduced from 2.01% to 0.84%. In dry years, the joint scheduling effectively mitigates the severe disruptions to ecological flow while maintaining energy reliability. This research provides a robust decision-support framework for balancing economic development and ecological integrity in complex, sediment-heavy river basins.

The frequency and intensity of mountainous precipitation have increased, under the influence of extreme climate. The uneven distribution of mountainous precipitation, insufficient ground-based gauge stations, and low accuracy of satellite precipitation products may all lead to the lack or omission of peak precipitation monitoring data, which further affects the accuracy of flash flood simulation and forecasting. In this study, we introduced the information flowing method to select influential covariates, which can improve the accuracy of covariates in physical mechanism interpretation compared with correlation-based selection methods. Based on the selected influential covariates, a mountainous merging precipitation model GWR-CNN was designed to address the inaccuracy of meso-small scale mountainous precipitation. The model was investigated in a typical watershed of the Qinling-Daba Mountains, and the results indicated that, compared with the satellite product, the average values of RMSE, RB, BIAS, and NSE of the merged hourly product were optimized by 17

Benthic macroinvertebrates are widely used as indicators of aquatic environmental quality; however, the transferability and reliability of bioassessment metrics remain uncertain in data-limited and pollution-impacted systems. In this study, the performance of diversity-based indices (Shannon–Wiener, Margalef, and Pielou) and a tolerance-based Biotic Index (BI) was evaluated in the Dongying river network of the Yellow River Delta, China, a typical river–coastal system subjected to eutrophication and petrochemical pollution. Macroinvertebrate communities and physicochemical variables were analyzed across seven rivers. A total of 24 taxa were identified, with communities dominated by pollution-tolerant mollusks and a near absence of sensitive Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) taxa, indicating severe ecological degradation. Redundancy analysis identified dissolved oxygen (DO) as the primary driver of community composition, explaining 70.6% of the variation (p < 0.05). Nutrient variables influenced community structure indirectly through oxygen depletion, supporting a nutrient–oxygen coupling mechanism. Diversity-based indices showed significant relationships with environmental gradients, whereas the BI exhibited weak responsiveness and failed to capture observed biodiversity loss. This discrepancy highlights the limited applicability of tolerance-based indices when non-local tolerance values are applied in pollution-stressed systems. Overall, diversity-based metrics provide more robust and transferable tools for ecological assessment in pollution-impacted coastal rivers lacking regional calibration data, whereas tolerance-based indices require rigorous localization. These findings provide important implications for improving bioassessment frameworks and supporting integrated river–coastal pollution management under multiple stressors.

In deep learning-based runoff prediction methods, the encoder-decoder framework, with its flexible input-output mapping mechanism, effectively incorporates future precipitation forecast data, significantly improving the stability and reliability of multi-step predictions. In light of this, we utilized a novel rainfall-runoff model based on the Transformer architecture, termed RR-Former, to investigate strategies for improving multi-step ahead prediction accuracy of rainfall-runoff processes. This study integrated baseflow separation and Fast Fourier Transform into the RR-Former model, resulting in a dual-branch forecasting model, FBS-RR-Former, designed to decouple high and low-frequency information. Research findings indicate that the FBS-RR-Former model outperforms RR-Former in multi-step ahead predictions ranging from 1 to 7 days. The strategy of separating high and low-frequency information during prediction effectively enhances the model's stability and accuracy in longterm forecasting. In exploring temporal feature enhancement mechanisms, this study systematically compared two paradigms for encoding temporal information: time feature embedding and timestamp information modeling (TimeSter). Unlike the former, which offers limited assistance for runoff prediction, TimeSter comprehensively improved the model's performance in multi-step forecasts. Although TimeSter cannot entirely replace the role of other meteorological data, such as temperature, the FBS-RR-Former model, driven solely by timestamp information and precipitation data, outperformed models powered by all meteorological variables in semi-humid regions with minimal snow influence. Finally, we simulated potential forecast precipitation biases by introducing varying degrees of noise into precipitation data for the forecast periods. The FBS-RR-Former model exhibited robust performance across different noise scenarios, maintaining its ability to produce meaningful predictions even under strong noise conditions.

Rare earth elements (REEs), functioning as indicators for environmental tracking, revealing the impacts of human activities on changes in aquatic ecosystems. However, systematic research on the geochemical characteristics of REEs in large river basins remains relatively scarce. Therefore, this research investigates the geochemical properties of REEs within the Yangtze River basin, analyzing the quantity and spatial distribution of REEs in surface aquatic environments across the upstream, midstream, and downstream segments of the Yangtze River, and quantitatively assessing their sources. Results indicate that the REE concentration in the upstream and downstream areas are significantly higher than in the midstream, with average concentrations of 0.69 μg/L, 0.56 μg/L, and 0.39 μg/L, respectively. REEs in the Yangtze River basin are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREEs), exhibiting a slight negative cerium (Ce) anomaly and a pronounced positive europium (Eu) anomaly. The Ce anomaly correlates with pH levels, and the Eu anomaly is largely attributed to the selective chemical decomposition and solubilization of feldspar minerals. Correlation analysis indicates that REE sources are related to manganese (Mn). Utilizing the Absolute Principal Component Scores-Multiple Linear Regression (APCS-MLR) model, the principal sources of REEs are further determined to be mineral sources (36.80%), industrial sources (45.61%), and mixed sources (17.59%). Further analysis suggests that mining and dissolution of Mn-bearing feldspar minerals, along with the discharge of industrial wastewater, considerably influence REE concentrations in the basin. This study reveals the anthropogenic and natural factors influencing the distribution of REEs in the Yangtze River basin, laying a foundational framework for investigating how human activities affect the dispersion of REEs in aquatic environments.

Understanding natural resource endowments is the foundation for the future sustainable development of river basins. In this paper, based on the land use data in 2000, 2010 and 2020 respectively, six landscape indices of different scales were selected to study the characteristics of landscape pattern changes in the upper reaches of the Luanhe River, and the ecosystem services value of the basin was accessed. Based on the CA–Markov model, the land use pattern of the basin in 2030 was simulated to predict the future ESV of this basin for study. The results show that the development of urbanization has profoundly affected the landscape pattern of the basin; grassland is the absolute dominant landscape of the basin under study; settlement land and water area have grown rapidly. With the change of active landscape processes, the ecosystem services value of the basin continues to rise. As shown by the prediction results, the ecosystem services value of this basin is predicted to increase from RMB12.790 billion to RMB13.952 billion from 2020 to 2030, with an increase of 9.1

The relationship between water resources and the social economy has become a restricting factor for the sustainable development of cities around the world. Based on the urban development demand and water resources condition of Linhai City in eastern China, which has the fastest economic growth and population boom, the system dynamics model of water resources carrying capacity was established to analyze the interaction between society, economy and water resources. According to the different development emphases, six different modes of water resource utilization were designed. Taking total population, GDP, industrial output value, tertiary industry output value, water consumption, water supply and sewage discharge as the measurement indexes, the research predicted the development status of water resources carrying capacity of Linhai City from 2015 to 2030 under different development modes. Through the simulation results, it is found that the water-saving measures can reduce the gap between water supply and demand only in a short term. In the long run, the adjustment of industrial structure can improve the water resources carrying capacity and simultaneously promote the economy. In addition, increasing the water income sources as well as strengthening sewage treatment are also necessary to balance the water supply and demand.

Water Diversion Projects have become increasingly popular in improving water quality in various water ecosystems. However, these projects also require a more comprehensive evaluation. In this study, we introduced a digital stable marker tracing module and proposed a continuation-dynamic constitution analysis approach. We applied this approach to analyze the ecological tidal water diversion in Changshu town, China. The results showed that the mean diversion water age of the Yangtze River water source was 10.80 h, the residence time of the background water source in Baimaotang was approximately 4.0 h, and the contribution of inflow water sources from tributaries accounted for 15% of discharges. The results can demonstrate practicality of our approach in quantitatively evaluating water diversion impacts and optimizing cooperative diversion projects. Furthermore, our discussion led to the design of an ecological tidal water diversion based on optimized cooperative diversion, which showed element-complementary and whole-comprehensive effects. This indicates that the ecological tidal water diversion can extend the impact of cooperative diversion. The continuation-dynamic constitution analysis approach enhances the tracing capacity of inflow constitution and enables the distinction of different time-varying distributions of each inflow constitution. Therefore, this approach holds promise as an embedded “Digital stable marker tracing” module in the model.

To ensure the ecological service function of the rivers in the main urban area of Taizhou City, this study constructed an ecological water demand calculation method suitable for this area based on the analysis of the characteristics of the rivers in this area. This method comprehensively considers the requirements of flow velocity, water level and water quality, and uses MIKE11 hydrodynamic water quality model to quantitatively determine a river water allocation method which can achieve ecological flow velocity, ecological water level and water quality goals. The calculation results have shown that the ecological flow velocity of the main urban river network is 0.1 m/s, and the ecological water level threshold range is 1.8～2.24 m. By fully utilizing reclaimed water as a clean water source supplemented by river replenishment, Taizhou’s main urban river network is meeting the target requirements of water level, flow velocity and water quality in wet years, normal years and dry years. This study provides a decision basis for rationally allocating water resources to maintain ecological health of rivers and lakes in urban river network areas.

以2000、2010和2020年3期土地利用数据为基础,采用生态系统服务价值改进的生态足迹模型核算滦河上游流域各期总体和不同地类生态承载力总量,绘制生态承载力空间分布图,分析其历史变化趋势和空间分布特征.并基于CA-Markov模型模拟流域2030年的土地利用格局,对该流域未来生态承载力进行了预测.结果表明,滦河上游流域建设用地和水域面积增长迅速,林地和草地互相转换活跃,草地转出居多,但仍是该流域主导地类.伴随着活跃的地类转换,流域生态承载力总体呈先减少、后增加的趋势.预测结果表明,2020—2030年预测该流域生态承载力将从1844795 ghm2增加至2032204 ghm2,增长了10.16％,水域对该流域生态系统承载力贡献作用十分突出.滦河上游流域生态承载力总体格局呈西北高、东南低的特征,内部单元随时间变化在空间上呈斑块聚集状.

为化解水质型缺水危机,改善水生态环境,构建了多目标水资源量质一体化配置模型,基于系统分解协调理论创建"以供限配,按需分质,由质定供"的水质水量双层配置模型:在用户层利用多目标函数和模拟退火算法规划不同频率下四类用水户的需水方案,在水源层采用线性目标规划算法根据各方案用水需求分配优质水、一般水及其各水源的供水量,根据目标效益,得到不同情形下3种供水方案,①在特枯年生态型方案生态效益超出经济型方案约为1;②经济型方案相对生态型方案经济效益提高0.63;③均衡型方案总效益值超出其余方案0.23、0.78.本文探索了在水资源优化配置体系中的分质供水规划及综合效益评估,为生态文明背景下区域水资源绿色发展提供参考.

Different from natural lakes, atificial lakes usually pay more attention to their landscape ecological functions than to their hydrological characteristics in the process of their design. The method of flow field simulation can be used to analyze the changes in hydrological characteristics of artificial lakes arising from the influence of morphological characteristics, so as to provide support for the optimization and adjustment of lake morphology to improve the dynamic conditions of artificial lakes and maintain their water quality. With the artificial lakes in the urban area of Linzhang County as an example, MIKE21 model was used to simulate the flow field of the preliminary lake morphology, and then to verify and analyze the adjusted lake morphology. Based on the simulation results of the flow field and the surrounding land use types, the construction scheme of the artificial lake revetment was proposed to provide a scientific basis for the design of the artificial lakes.

The topography of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) plays an important role in the formation of the Asian monsoon as well as global climate change. In particular, the water vapor transport patters shows redistribution under the influence of high mountains, which profoundly impacts the landscape of the local and surrounding areas. Based on satellite precipitation data of global precipitation measurements from 2015 to 2018, the influence of the topography on the spatial and temporal distributions of the precipitation in the TP was evaluated. The results show that the precipitation distribution is clearly affected by the topography, and decreases from southeast to northwest. Precipitation mainly concentrates in the southern foothills of the Himalayas. In the hinterland of the TP, the gradient distance increases from southeast to northwest, with value changes from 100 mm / 60 km to 100 mm / 150 km. The maximum annual precipitation height in the windward side of the TP (west of Tianshan Mountains, south of Himalayas, and southwest of Hengduan Mountains) is below 2000 m, while in the northern and inner areas, it exceeds 4000 m. The precipitation isoline in the south and northwest of the TP is consistent with the elevation contour. However, in the northeastern and interior areas, the precipitation isoline is consistent with the orientation of the mountain structural belt.

阐述环境流体动力学模型(EFDC)的基本原理,结合苏州市吴江区三白荡的具体情况建立水流模型,讨论模型参数的设计、预测方案的选取,并对模拟结果做出具体的分析.分析结果显示,模型对三白荡的水流模拟具有较强的实用性,与实物资料吻合较好,不仅反映了湖泊的水流联系情况,而且显示了湖泊岸线受风浪侵蚀、出入湖水量分配情况.模型为湖泊岸线设计、环境容量研究、陆地污染物排放控制提供较强的技术支撑.此外,模拟结果对研究太湖流域类似三白荡的浅水湖泊水动力过程具有较强的借鉴意义.

A novel method of determining reservoir characteristic curves based on high-resolution resource satellite data was proposed in this paper, using remote sensing processing and analysis technology. According to the physical characteristics of absorption, radiation and reflection of surface water on ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared bands, etc., the satellite images at different reservoir water level and different periods were processed to analyze the relationship of measured water level corresponding to the water area. Based on the relationship, the relevance among reservoir water level, water surface area, and reservoir capacity was established, so as to determine the reservoir characteristic curve. The method was applied and validated at Jinshuitan Reservoir and Shitang Reservoir in the Ou River Basin. The results show that this method has high accuracy, and the maximum relative error between calculating values and measured values at different water level are −2.33% and −2.11% in Jinshuitan Reservoir and Shitang Reservoir, respectively. The method improves the convenience of determining the reservoir characteristic curve greatly, and the storage capacity of the reservoir can be calculated rapidly by this method.

河流岸线对河流沿线生物栖息、调蓄径流、蓄泄洪水等均具有重要意义,因此,应根据河流岸线特点来分析岸线资源开发的适宜性及发展潜力,探究河流岸线科学分类方法及开发阈值.针对河流岸线纵向及横向空间特征建立了评价指标体系,利用多准则多目标的数学方法,对岸线资源开发的适宜性进行了综合评价.在此基础上,以康县燕子河为实例进行了研究,即将河流岸线分为保护区、保留区、控制利用生产岸线、控制利用生活岸线、控制利用生态岸线、开发生产岸线、开发生活岸线以及开发生态岸线共8种发展适宜功能区,对其岸线适宜性功能定位及开发阈值进行了研究.研究结果表明:8个发展适宜功能区中,保护区和保留区不宜开发建设,控制利用区和开发利用区的开发阈值分别为60％ ～70％,70％ ～85％,发展潜力分别为40％ ～50％,90％ ～100％.研究结果可为岸线因地制宜发展、精细化管理及河流岸线资源的可持续开发利用提供一定的科学依据.

干旱半干旱区城镇化发展与水资源密切相关,为促进二者的协调发展,以宁夏为研究对象,构建城镇化发展与水资源利用协调性评价指标体系,采用TOPSIS法对协调性进行评价,并结合空间自相关分析法探讨其空间关联特征.结果 显示,2016年宁夏城镇化发展与水资源利用基本处于较不协调与一般协调,总体呈北高南低空间格局;城镇化发展指数呈显著空间正相关,局部空间集聚特征明显;水资源利用指数与协调度呈局部空间弱集聚性,中心城镇在城镇化发展的辐射带动作用和水资源的集聚效应使得协调度在空间上形成明显的高—高和低—低集聚中心.

城市水域作为城市生态环境的重要组成部分,有着其他部分不可代替的多种服务功能与社会经济价值,水面率的控制是城市建设的重要环节之一.为探究城市调蓄能力与水系结构之间的定量化关系,特别是与水面率之间的定量相关关系,以常熟市为例统计计算6个水利分区的8个水系结构参数指标与2个调蓄能力参数指标,运用统计学方法分析相互间的相关关系;在此基础上定量化调蓄能力与水面率的相关关系,分析不同调蓄能力下的水面率要求,运用面积加权平均法计算得出研究区合理水面率,提出了方便计算且实用的基于行洪需求的合理水面率计算方法,为城市水系保护和水资源管理提供参考与理论支撑.

随着城镇化的推进,水资源短缺已成为制约厦门市健康发展的关键因素.基于压力—状态—响应框架,利用主、客观相结合的有序加权平均权重分配法,从人口、空间、经济和社会城镇化的角度构建厦门市水资源脆弱性评价体系.以厦门市与省内不同城镇化水平的城市水资源脆弱性对比结果及城镇化—水资源脆弱性联动反应演变情势分析结果为支撑,剖析城镇化作用下的水资源脆弱性反馈机制.结果 表明,2008～2017年厦门市水资源脆弱性随节水水平的提升而改善,但仍为强脆弱.设定3种不同的城镇化发展方案,探寻水资源约束下的健康城镇化发展策略.情景模拟结果表明,厦门市需采取开源节流与城市水生态建设并重的城镇化策略.

技术标准和管控措施是全面推进海绵城市建设的重要手段.北京市在地方标准中用流量径流系数Ψm对建设区域的雨水控制与利用工程进行规范,在水影响评价中用Ψm对建设项目的排水影响进行分析和管控,但目前缺乏由实测或模拟排水过程计算Ψm的具体方法.基于对雨水管渠设计公式的原理和Ψm内涵的分析,提出了汇流时间和Ψm的计算方法,采用水科学院绿化屋顶和双紫小区降雨径流过程的实测数据,求得绿化屋顶和双紫小区的Ψm,并分析了其受降雨强度的影响规律.结果 表明,这种方法可应用于城市汇水区的Ψm计算,为水影响评价工作和海绵城市建设提供支撑.