蜜脆 6 号为薄皮甜瓜中早熟品种.植株长势强健,叶片中大,叶色深绿,节间中紧,抗甜瓜霜霉病、叶枯病,耐低温弱光,子蔓雌花发育良好,坐果集中,开花后 32 天左右可采收上市;果实长牛角形,果面灰白光滑,果肉绿色,腔橙色,肉厚 2.5 cm,中心可溶性固形物含量 14%～16%,细脆爽口,品质优,耐贮耐运,货架期长;单株结果 4～6 个,单瓜质量 500～700 g,亩平均产量 4900 kg左右.适宜在辽宁、河北、山东、陕西等春季保护地设施栽培.2020 年 9 月通过国家非主要农作物品种登记.

网纹类厚皮甜瓜香气浓郁、口感脆甜、耐贮运,设施栽培面积逐年上升,市场上现有品种不耐低温弱光、品质差、生育期长、抗逆性差,难以满足市场需求,因此我们制定了"耐低温弱光、优质、早熟、耐贮运"的育种目标,育成了优质、早熟、耐贮运厚皮网纹甜瓜新品种美丽脆.

'童年'是用'07GA5'作母本,'07GD10'作父本杂交育成的优质抗病厚皮甜瓜新品种.植株长势稳健,果实椭圆形,平均单果质量1.4 kg,果皮光滑,金黄色,果肉橘红色,中心可溶性固形物含量16％～18％,耐贮运.全生育期90～102d,果实发育期28～32d.抗病、抗逆性较强.适应于陕西、河北、甘肃、内蒙古等地区保护地栽培.

红宝玉是以10R15为母本、10R8为父本选育而成的中熟厚皮甜瓜一代杂种.植株长势稳健,抗病抗逆性强.全生育期95～110 d(天),果实发育期30～35 d(天).果实短椭圆形,成熟后果面乳白色,单果质量约1.5 kg,果肉橘红色,肉厚3.5～4.0 cm,腔小不发酵,中心可溶性固形物含量17.5％,肉质紧脆,不脱蒂,耐贮耐运.平均每667 m2产量3600 kg左右.适宜在山东、河北、陕西、安徽等地春季保护地设施栽培.

1 农业防治 实行轮作换茬,避免连年种植,或与其他瓜类作物混种.收获后及时清洁田园,将残枝枯叶带出园外掩埋或焚烧.

薄皮甜瓜新品种“绿色经典”是以DA-1为母本、DB-5为父本配置的一代杂交种.植株生长势强,综合抗性好,适应性广;果实发育期30 d左右;成熟果实梨圆形,果皮深绿色,果面光滑,果肉绿色,厚约2.5 cm,中心可溶性固形物含量15％以上,平均单瓜质量0.52 kg,耐贮运;667 m2产量4 100 kg左右.适宜西北五省区保护地及露地栽培.

“西农脆宝”是西北农林科技大学园艺学院选育的早中熟厚皮甜瓜新品种.植株长势强,节间12～15 cm,伸蔓快,叶子中等大小,五裂,叶色深绿;雌花密,为两性花,可自花结实,易坐果.全生育期98 d左右,从开花至成熟30～32 d.果实长椭圆形,成熟后果面灰绿色覆浅裂网,有黄晕,不落把;果肉厚4 cm,橙红色,干腔,心室小,中心可溶性固形物含量15％左右,肉质松脆,汁水丰沛,具有哈密瓜和洋香瓜风味,品质佳美;果实耐贮运性佳,货架期长,常温下可贮藏30 d以上.抗甜瓜霜霉病,蔓枯病,耐重茬,适应性广.2012年通过陕西省农作物品种审定委员会的鉴定登记.近几年“西农脆宝”在陕西早春大棚种植面积不断扩大,根据“西农脆宝”甜瓜新品种特征特性,现详细介绍了该品种早春大棚优质高效栽培技术,供生产者参考.

“红双喜”是利用优良高代西瓜自交系‘YF8’为母本,‘S9,为父本配制的早熟花皮圆果形西瓜杂交种.早熟、丰产、抗裂果,植株长势稳健,全生育期90 d左右,果实发育29～31 d.商品瓜高圆形,果实绿色底覆有13～15条不规则墨绿色条带.极易坐果,果肉红色均匀,瓤脆多汁,中心可溶性固形物12％左右,边部9％,品质佳美.皮韧性好,耐贮运,单果质量7 kg,667 m2产量4 300 kg左右.适宜西北5省区保护地及露地栽培.

厚皮甜瓜新品种"西农脆宝"是利用优良高代甜瓜自交系‘05D29’为母本,‘05H6’为父本配制的一代杂交种。该品种全生育期98d左右,从开花至成熟30～32d,果实长椭圆形,成熟后果面灰绿色覆浅裂网,有黄晕,不落把;果肉厚4cm,橙红色,干腔,心室小,中心可溶性固形物含量15%左右。平均单瓜重1.8kg左右,产量4 100kg/667m2左右。果实耐贮运性佳,货架期长,常温下可贮藏30d以上。2012年5月通过陕西省品种委员会审定,命名为"西农脆宝"。适宜西北5省区保护地及露地栽培。

从西北农林科技大学阎良甜瓜试验示范站2006年建设至今成绩显著.以西安市阎良区为中心的北方早熟厚皮甜瓜年生产面积已超过6 667 hm2,累计推广新品种、新技术面积在4万hm2以上,成绩显著.经济效益约30亿元;扶持农民专业合作社12个,重点科技示范户500多个,培训技术骨干2000余人,指导学生实习600余人次,接待检查、参观12000多人次;选育的3个甜瓜新品种西甜208(2008年12月)、千玉1号和陕甜1号(2011年1月)经陕西省农作物品种审定委员会登记;“甜瓜穴盘基质育苗新技术示范与推广”于2010年7月通过陕西省农业技术推广成果鉴定,经济、社会及生态效益显著.

A new variety Muskmelon ‘Qianyu No.1’ was developed by crossing superior self-bred line H013 as female parent with high quality P74 as male parent.The fruit growth stages was 95 days,and from flowering to maturing 28 days,the fruit was globe spherical,and pedicel don't drop;the fresh thick of 3.5～4.0 cm with orange,the central soluble solid content was 16%～18%,the average fruit weight was about 0.8～1.0 kg,yield was 4 100 kg per 667 m2.

在西北农林科技大学闫良甜瓜示范试验站利用大棚早春栽培西甜208等7个厚皮甜瓜品种,拟筛选适合陕西关中地区大棚爬地栽培的优良品种。试验结果表明,西甜208、小籽新早蜜、骄雪六号、千玉一号4个品种早熟、丰产、优质、抗病,可作为生产上大棚早春茬厚皮甜瓜的主栽品种进行推广。

Aim at leaf blight,gummy stem blight,epidemic dicease,powdery mildew,herbicides or chemical injury of muskmelon,the control effect of deferent fungicides treatment on muskmelon diseases were compared.The results showed that 15% Ketotriazole spray to muskmelon alternaria spot,70%Thiophanate methyl and 68%Ridomil MZ gold spray to muskmelon seedling gummy stem blight,70%Thiophanate methyl and 68%Ridomil MZ gold adding 12%Resin acid copper salt daubing stem to muskmelon gummy stem blight,50% Benomyl and 72.2%Previcur adding fulvic acid selenium daubing stem to muskmelon phytophthora blight,5%Hexaconazole spray to muskmelon powdery mildew,75%Gibberellic acid(Jie-hai-ling)spray to herbicide or chemical hazard have evident control impact.The result will give a theory basis for control diseases in muskmelon production.

'Shantian No.1'was a using excellent high-generation muskmelon inbred lines M33 as female parent,D4-1 as male parent preparated generation hybrid.The fruit childbearing period of 70 days and from flowering to maturing of 25 days,the fruit was long-pear shaped with yellow,bright skin,the flesh was white,crisp and juicy,the soluble solid content was 13%~15%,the average single fruit weight about was 500~650 g,per 667 m2 yield was 3 800 kg,it had strong plants,high resistance to disease,and good adaptbility.It was officially registered in Shaanxi province in 2010.

<正>千玉1号是以优良高代甜瓜自交系H013为母本,P74为父本配制的一代杂种。2004年在陕西杨凌试配厚皮甜瓜杂交组合12个,10月在海南种植,其中组合H013×P74表现早熟、优质、抗病、高产,果肉橙红色,果腔不易发酵且耐贮运,符合选育目标。2005～2009年进行品种比较试验、区域试验、生产试验,表现良好。2010年6月通过陕西省农作物品种审定委员会审定,定名为千玉1号。目前在陕西、甘肃、安徽等地推广350hm~2。

Effects of pruning methods on maturity,yield,quality and marketable quality of melon,growing in sunny greenhouse during winter-spring season,were studied using four pruning methods.Single stem pruning without trellis had earliest maturity,3 days earlier than single stem pruning and trellising and double stem without trellising,and 8 days earlier than 3 stem pruning without trellising.Single stem pruning with trellis produced heaviest fruit,highest yield and highest total soluble solid contents.The single stem pruning with trellising produced fruit with weight of 755 grams,335 grams heavier than the control;total yield of 2 926 kg per 667 m2,56.6% higher than that of control;and soluble solid contents of 17.5% ,2% higher than that of control.The fruit produced with the single stem and trellis treatment were shiny,uniform for color and shape,and good in flavor.We recommend the pruning method of single stem and trellis for melon production in sunny greenhouse during winter-spring season for high yield and profit.

Xitian No.208 is a thick skin oriental melon hybrid cultivar with early maturity and medium weight. The fruit growth stages of 95 days and from flowering to maturing of 28 days. The fruit is globe spherical with yellow bright skin, and pedicel don't drop; the fresh thick of 3.5-4.0 cm with white, the central soluble solid content of 16%-18%, the average fruit weight of about 0.8-2.0 kg, yield of 4 000-5 000 kg per 667 m2. It has strong plants, high resistance to disease and caducity, good adaptability, good storage tolerance, long shelf life at room temperature for 15 days.

<正>陕西省阎良、大荔、蒲城、杨凌利用塑料大棚早春栽培厚皮甜瓜取得了较好的经济效益,年栽培面积达6666.7hm2以上。但生产上使用的品种由于生育期长,抗病性(主要是霜霉病)不强;或生育期短,但品质

目前,陕西早春茬厚皮甜瓜在西安市阎良区已经发展到0.67万hm2,其中95%以上的栽培方式为拱棚高垄爬地栽培.近年来,陕西甜瓜产区大力推广选用良种、穴盘基质育苗、棚型改造、优化施肥、双蔓整枝、4膜覆盖、综合防治病虫害、适期采收等技术,解决了生产中存在的突出问题.但盲目灌水、凭经验灌水现象普遍存在.