Abstract Along with the aging of the world population, the incidence rate of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been increasing. At present, AD has become one of the most serious problems faced by modern medicine. Studies have shown that estrogen has a positive effect on AD, but estrogen has the side effect of leading to tumors. Recent in vivo studies have shown that genistein, one of the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), can improve brain function through the blood–brain barrier (BBB), antagonize the toxicity of amyloid β‐protein (Aβ), that is, to inhibit neurotoxicity due to aggregation of beta amyloid protein, and have neuroprotective effects. In addition, the use of Gen can avoid the risk of endometrial cancer and breast cancer caused by estrogen therapy while exerting an estrogen‐like effect, which has some potential for the delay and treatment of AD.

Fabrication of hierarchical SAPO-34 zeolites by chemical etching is a facile, economic and efficient route to address their intrinsic diffusion limitation. Various leaching strategies have been developed to prepare hierarchical SAPO-34 zeolites. However, the effect of inherent factors of SAPO-34 crystals on the etching, such as crystal size and Si content, have not been systematically investigated. In the present work, a series of SAPO-34 zeolites with different Si contents and crystal sizes are prepared and leached in the mother liquor. The crystal morphology, textural properties, framework environments, and acidity of the synthesized SAPO-34 samples are comprehensively characterized through transmission electron microscope (TEM), nitrogen adsorptiondesorption, solid-state MAS NMR, and NH3-TPD measurements. The formation of hierarchical porosity by etching is dependent on the Si contents and particle sizes of SAPO-34 samples. After etching in the mother liquor, the nanosized SAPO-34 zeolites with low Si content exhibit remarkably prolonged lifetime and higher selectivity to ethylene and propylene than other counterparts in methanol-to-olefin reactions, owing to the more accessible sites and improved mass transport. This work will inspire the more suitable and efficient preparation of hierarchical SAPO-34 catalysts via etching route.

竹叶石膏汤是中医治疗温热病后期余热不尽、气津两伤的常用方.高鹏翔教授常用该方治疗多种内科疾病,取得了较好的疗效.现列举高鹏翔教授运用竹叶石膏汤治疗脏腑病证及气血津液病证的验案,总结其应用竹叶石膏汤的经验.

高鹏翔教授认为异位妊娠起病多由郁热、痰湿、血瘀之浊互结于胞脉,冲任不畅,日久成癥而致,在治疗上常应用"通-消-和"三法,即通腑泄浊、化瘀消癥、调和冲任,选方以下瘀血汤为基础加味,使得浊降癥消,胞宫胞脉得通,邪去正安,病获痊愈.

目的 观察金雀异黄素对大鼠雪旺细胞生长与凋亡及相关基因表达的影响.方法 CCK-8检测细胞活力;实时定量PCR检测基因表达;Annexin V-FITC检测细胞凋亡;流式细胞仪分析细胞周期.结果 低剂量金雀异黄素对大鼠雪旺细胞生长无影响,37.000μmol/L以上浓度的金雀异黄素抑制大鼠雪旺细胞的生长,细胞阻滞在G2/M期.与对照组相比,74.000μmol/L金雀异黄素可以使CDKN1A表达明显增加,B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病(BCL)2、胱天蛋白酶(CASP)3、细胞周期素依赖性激酶抑制剂(CDKN)1B、肿瘤蛋白p53(TP)53基因表达无差异.结论 高浓度金雀异黄素可以抑制大鼠雪旺细胞生长,细胞周期抑制蛋白可能在抑制大鼠雪旺细胞生长方面发挥作用.

The rapid progress of microfluidics has contributed to modern analytical methodology. However, in situ integration of chemical/biological sensors for on-chip reaction monitoring remains a big challenge. Herein, reported is the fabrication of an integrated surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor and graphene-based catalytic chip by laser scribing of graphene oxide (GO) and Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) composite (AgNPs@GO). The surface plasmonic effect of AgNPs can promote the photoreduction of GO, inducing a high porous nanostructure. By combining the AgNPs@RGO nanocomposite patterns with polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic channels, a bi-functional microfluidic chip capable of on-chip catalysis and SERS detection is fabricated. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, on-chip AgNPs-catalyzed 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction has been implemented, in which the reaction process can be well monitored using the in situ SERS sensor. The integration of SERS sensors with functional microfluidic devices may hold great promise for developing advanced Lab-on-a-Chip systems.

目的:观察探讨电针对神经根颈椎病(CSR)大鼠PI3K/AKT信号转导通路及细胞凋亡的变化.方法:SD大鼠60只,按照随机数字表法分为空白组、模型组和电针组3组,每组20只.造模后第3天开始电针,取双侧颈夹脊穴,以一侧穴位为一组,两侧均通过针柄接电针治疗仪,疏密波,频率,强度以大鼠四肢轻度抖动为度.1次/d,30 min/次,连续治疗14 d后处死.采用YLS-3E型痛分析仪检测大鼠外周神经模型感觉功能,采用蛋白免疫印迹法检测PI3K/AKT通路表达情况,采用免疫组化法检测BAX和BCL-2,同时以DNA断裂的原位末端标记法(Tunel法)检测细胞凋亡情况.结果:1)与空白组比较,模型组和电针组大鼠外周神经疼痛感觉功能机械痛阈值均下降(P<0.05),其中电针组的机械痛阈值较模型组高(P<0.05).2)与空白组比较,模型组和电针组大鼠PI3K、p-AKT的蛋白表达均下调(P<0.05),电针组PI3K、p-AKT较模型组明显上调(P<0.05),而3组的AKT和GAPDH蛋白表达差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).3)与空白组比较,电针组和模型组BAX明显上调(P<0.05),BCL-2则明显下调(P<0.05);而电针组BAX表达程度低于模型组(P<0.05),电针组BCL-2的表达程度高于模型组(P<0.05).4)与空白组比较,模型组和电针组细胞调亡比例均增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);电针组细胞调亡比例低于模型组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:电针双侧颈夹脊穴对CSR大鼠具有明显的镇痛作用,其机制可能与激活PI3K/AKT通路,激活下游BAX、BCL-2等生物因子抗细胞凋亡有关.

Graphene and noble metal hybrid electrodes are promising for electrochemical sensing. However, open problems with respect to electrode patterning and integration still restrict their practical applications in miniaturized devices. Here, we report a facile laser-scribing method for in situ fabrication of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) and reduced graphene oxides (RGO) modified ITO (AgNPs@RGO/ITO) electrodes for nonenzymatic hydrogen peroxide detection. Laser-scribing treatment of the AgNPs and graphene oxides (GO) nanocomposite film enables effective photoreduction of GO, designable patterning of various electrode geometry, and inducing a porous structure. In this way, graphene-based electrochemical electrodes with improved conductivity, programmable shapes, and high activity can be fabricated through a mask-free and chemical-free manner. The AgNPs@RGO/ITO electrodes exhibit good electrochemical performance for the nonenzymatic detection of hydrogen peroxide with a linear range of 0.05-0.5 mM (r = 0.99) and 1-10 mM (r = 0.99), and the detection limit is estimated to be 3.27 mu M. Direct laser-scribing of noble metal NPs-modified graphene electrodes holds great promise for developing advanced sensing platforms toward various applications ranging from electrochemical analysis, biosensor, to lab-on-a-chip system.

Objectives: To compare the different effects of valsartan and amlodipine on ambulatory blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Methods: The database including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Science Citation Index, and other commonly used Chinese databases were searched form these databases establishment to February 2018. The cross-sectional studies involved the use of valsartan and amlodipine for the treatment of hypertension were included. The ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was used to assess the different effects of valsartan and amlodipine on characteristics of blood pressure. The relative parameters were recorded: age, body mass index (BMI) and the course of hypertension. And the 24-h mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), 24-h mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP), day-time SBP, day-time DBP, night-time SBP and night-time DBP before and after treatments were analyzed. Data were extracted and analyzed by Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Ten studies involving 1494 patients were included. There was no significant difference in age, BMI and the course of hypertension between the two groups. Moreover, there was no significant difference of SBP and DBP in 24 hours, daytime and nighttime between the two groups at baseline. That is to say the indexes of ambulatory blood pressure were comparable (P > 0.05). After treatment, the nocturnal SBP and DBP of patients in the amlodipine group were significantly lower than those of patients in the valsartan group (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in other ambulatory blood pressure indicators between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Amlodipine, compared with valsartan, can lower the level of nocturnal blood pressure in patients with hypertension.

Uniform N- and S-co-doped carbon dots (NSCDs) with fluorescence quantum yields of up to 64% were synthesized via a one-step microwave-assisted method. Ammonium citrate and L-cysteine act as precursors, and synthesis is completed in 2.5 min using a 750 W microwave oven to give a 62% yield. The NSCDs show bright blue fluorescence (with excitation/emission peaks at 353/426 nm) and have narrow size distribution. On exposure to levofloxacin (LEV), the emission maximum shifts to 499 nm. This effect was used to design ratiometric (2-wavelength) assays for LEV. The fluorometric method (based on measurement of the fluorescence intensity ratio at 499 and 426 nm) has a detection limit of 5.1 μg·L−1 (3σ/k) and a linear range that extends from 0.01 to 70 mg·L−1. The method was applied to the determination of LEV in three kinds of spiked water samples and has recoveries in the range from 98.6 to 106.8%. The fluorescent probe described here is highly selective and sensitive.

Nitrogen-doped graphene or graphene derivatives have been proven superior electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors. Synchronous N doping and reduction of graphene oxide (GO) is an effective approach to prepare such electrode materials. However, current strategies are limited to the use of liquid or vapor doping agents, making the preparation process complex and less environmentally friendly. We here report a facile way to prepare nitrogen-rich carbon nanoparticles (NCNPs), which can be employed as a solid-state doping agent for efficient N-doping of GO through direct laser writing photoreduction. The doping degree was tuned by varying the mass ratios of the NCNPs in the composites. After laser treatment, the composites show N concentration as high as 7.78 atom %. With the N-doped graphene composites as electrodes, the as-fabricated supercapacitors show high rate performance and obvious enhanced capacitance, revealing great potential for energy storage and conversion devices.

目的 评价易位式教学联合标准化病人(SP)在中医学教学过程中提高西医学生学习中医的能力,促进教学质量提升.方法 将2015级临床5年制学生分为试验组和对照组,试验组予易位式教学结合SP教学,对照组采取常规教学.将期末成绩考核和学生满意度调查问卷作为评价指标.结果 期末试卷考核成绩结果试验组(86.86±6.72),优于对照组(78.82±5.49),经SPSS软件统计,组间t检验比较,有统计学意义(P<0.05);满意度调查表显示试验组优于对照组(P<0.05).结论 易位式教学联合SP教学法能够提升自主学习能力,充分调动学生的积极性,从而实现以学生为中心的教学转换.

Objectives: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is one of the remarkable target-organ damage of essential hypertension. Moreover, high serum uric acid (SUA) is independently associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, the association between LVH and SUA is controversial and unclear in essential hypertension. The objective of this meta-analysis is to explore the evidence supporting an association between LVH and SUA in essential hypertension. Methods: Original articles published between January 1, 1966, and December 1, 2017, in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, WanFang database, and VIP, were retrieved for eight articles that met criteria for meta-analysis and the defined of LVH by using echocardiography to calculate LV mass index. From scanning the title and abstract, those cross-sectional studies that compare directly to SUA between hypertensive patients with and without LVH. Then,the results were analyzed by Cochrane Collaboration's Rev Man 5.3 software. A fixed-effects model was used for this meta-analysis, we calculated the pooled relative risk with the corresponding 95%confidence interval (CI) for those with LVH and those without LVH. Results: The search strategy produced 878 studies, of which only eight met our selective criteria. All qualified eight studies comprised 2832 response-evaluable patients who had been diagnosed with essential hypertension (931 with LVH,1901 without LVH). The meta-analysis shows that those patients with LVH have higher SUA level was 0.41 (95% CI 0.28–0.53) compared to those without LVH. Conclusion: It is sure that SUA is associated with LVH in essential hypertension, however it is not clear that whether SUA could be a treatment target for essential hypertension with LVH.

Objectives: To confirm The specific effect of testosterone on nocturnal systolic blood pressure and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in postmenopausal hypertensive women. Methods: A group matching study was used. One hundred and sixty-one postmenopausal hypertensive women between 45 and 65 years of age were enrolled as group 1. Another 161 hypertensive men were enrolled as group 2, according to age, BMI, metabolic index, history of hypertension and antihypertensive medication. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, echocardiographic, the levels of sexual hormones and clinical characteristics were evaluated and recorded. Quantitative data were analyzed using unpaired t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. Results: Firstly, the levels of blood pressure and the load of blood pressure in women were all significantly lower than those in men (P < 0.05), except the mean level and load of nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P > 0.05). However, one of the index of left ventricular diastolic function, the ratio of the early diastolic mitral peak flow velocity to the early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/E′), was obviously impaired (13.06 ± 3.53 VS 12.05 ± 3.68, P = 0.012). Further more, although testosterone of women was significantly lower than men (38.81 ± 14.07 VS 414.60 ± 127.06, P = 0.001), it was negative correlated with the levels of blood pressure in men (P < 0.05). And the mean level of nocturnal SBP (γ = 0.023, P = 0.011) positively correlated with E/E′ in women, but the same relation was not observed in men. Conclusion: Testosterone was the risk factor of the levels of blood pressure in women. Moreover, the mean level of nocturnal SBP was a risk factors of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in women. Testosterone may have the specific effect on nocturnal systolic blood pressure and left ventricular diastol

In the development of microfluidic chips, conventional 2D processing technologies contribute to the manufacturing of basic microchannel networks. Nevertheless, in the pursuit of versatile microfluidic chips, flexible integration of multifunctional components within a tiny chip is still challenging because a chip containing micro-channels is a non-flat substrate. Recently, on-chip laser processing (OCLP) technology has emerged as an appealing alternative to achieve chip functionalization through in situ fabrication of 3D microstructures. Here, the recent development of OCLP-enabled multifunctional microfluidic chips, including several accessible photochemical/photophysical schemes, and photosensitive materials permiting OCLP, is reviewed. To demonstrate the capability of OCLP technology, a series of typical microcomponents fabricated using OCLP are introduced. The prospects and current challenges of this field are discussed.

In this work, magnetic superhydrophilic molecularly imprinted resins (MMIRs) were prepared for the determination of triazines in aqueous samples combined HPLC-MS/MS. The amino functionalized magnetic nanoparticles were introduced into superhydrophilic molecularly imprinted resins based on one-pot condensation of resorcinol, melamine and formaldehyde. The obtained MMIRs exhibited magnetic responsiveness, superhydrophilic and selective feature. The MMIRs were directly used as adsorbents for selective enrichment and separation of six triazines in juice and lake samples under an applied magnetic field. The detection limits of triazines are in the range of 0.02-0.07 mu g L-1 (except for simazine, 0.38 mu g L-1). At the spiked level (5 mu g L-1), the recoveries are in the range of 85-101% with the RSDs <= 7%. This work provided a novel and efficient approach for the detection of triazines in aqueous samples. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Monodisperse superhydrophilic melamine formaldehyde resorcinol resin (MFR) microspheres were prepared in 90min at 85°C via a microwave-assisted method with a yield of 60.6%. The obtained MFR microspheres exhibited narrow size distribution with the average particle size of about 2.5µm. The MFR microspheres were used as absorbents to detect triazines in juices followed by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Various factors affecting the extraction efficiency were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the built method exhibited excellent linearity in the range of 1–250μgL−1 (R2 ≥ 0.9994) and lower detection limits (0.3–0.65μgL−1). The relative standard deviations of intra- and inter-day analyses ranged from 3% to 7% and from 2% to 7%, respectively. The method was applied to determine six triazines in three juice samples. At the spiked level of 3μgL−1, the recoveries were in the range of 90–99% with the relative standard deviations ≤ 8%.

Fe3C NPs doped with Mn or Ni were prepared via a sol-gel method at the heating rates of 10 and 15 degrees C min(-1). During the experiments, the melamine and the cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) are used as carbon source for the generation of the materials. Their structure, morphology and magnetic properties are researched and compared. Results show that the particle sizes and magnetic properties of the materials are affected by the dopants. By comparing, we know how the transition metal elements affect the structure and magnetic properties of Fe3C. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Iron nitride (Fe3N) is a promising material with excellent magnetic properties, but the synthetic methods are difficult to operate in previous literatures. Here, we report a facile synthetic method using ferrous chloride tetrahydrate and ethanediamine as iron and nitrogen sources, followed by calcined at 540 °C for 1 h. The iron nitride with tunable morphology was obtained by changing the experimental conditions. More importantly, the magnetic performances have greatly been improved because of the tunable morphology. The coercivity can reach 408.84 Oe under the optimal conditions with superior retentivity and squareness, showing good ferromagnetic behaviors. This finding broadens our vision to realize the importance of morphology control and paves the way for other transition metal nitrides in obtaining tunable performances by controlling their morphologies.

The (Fe1-xNdx)3C nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by a sol-gel method. The structure, morphology and magnetic properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Analysis results show that the (Fe1-xNdx)3C NPs were embedded in multi-walled carbon nanotubes and displayed ferromagnetic properties. And it is indicated that their saturation magnetization (Ms) values tend to decrease with increasing the Nd doping concentration. More importantly, we propose a possible mechanism to explain the formation process of the (Fe1-xNdx)3C NPs.