钙调素是一类钙依赖性调节蛋白,参与植物的生长发育、抗逆胁迫等多种生物学过程。本课题组前期通过蛋白质乙酰化修饰组学研究发现,红麻钙调素蛋白7的乙酰化修饰参与了红麻花粉的发育调控。为研究其参与抗逆性的机制,本研究以红麻保持系P3B双核期的花药为材料,使用PCR法克隆了钙调素基因HcCaM7,最大开放阅读框（open reading frame, ORF）为450 bp,其由149个氨基酸组成,编码相对分子质量16.85 kD的蛋白;亚细胞定位结果显示, HcCaM7蛋白的表达主要定位在细胞质和细胞膜中;利用病毒诱导的基因沉默技术沉默HcCaM7基因,导致红麻沉默植株的生长受到抑制;进一步在体外采用基因密码子扩展技术对发生乙酰化修饰氨基酸位点进行突变,成功获得具有体外乙酰化修饰位点的蛋白HcCaM7mut,并成功诱导表达了无乙酰化修饰的蛋白HcCaM7,结果表明HcCaM7蛋白发生乙酰化修饰后可以显著促进NADK（NAD激酶）活性;用点板法检测含有HcCaM7蛋白和HcCaM7mut蛋白的重组菌在盐(400 mmol L –1 和500 mmol L –1 NaCl)、干旱(400 mmol L –1 和600 mmol L –1 甘露醇)、重金属(30 mmol L –1 和50μmol L –1 CdCl2)及低温胁迫后（利用液氮反复冻融模拟）在LB固体培养基上的存活率发现,含有HcCaM7蛋白的重组菌存活率显著高于空载对照菌,而含有乙酰化修饰的HcCaM7mut蛋白的重组菌存活率进一步提升,表明HcCaM7蛋白能够提高大肠杆菌对非生物胁迫的耐受性,并且乙酰化修饰后效果更佳。因此,HcCaM7基因可以调控红麻生长发育和响应非生物胁迫,乙酰化修饰可以促进HcCaM7蛋白发挥作用。

高粱作为中国主要的酿造原料之一,在国民经济发展中占据重要地位.高粱炭疽病是高粱的主要病害之一,在整个生育期中均可发病,且在温暖湿润的热带和亚热带栽种地区更易发生和流行,不仅影响植株的正常生长,严重时会引起产量的大幅下降和籽粒品质的劣变.多年来,高粱病理学家和育种家对高粱炭疽病病原菌菌株分离、病害发生流行规律、发生原因、寄主抗性利用和抗炭疽病基因定位等方面进行了广泛的研究,取得了一些进展.这些研究为炭疽病的生化防控以及培育抗炭疽病品种奠定了基础.开展高粱炭疽病研究,发掘更丰富多样的优异抗性种质资源,减少农药使用,不仅可以满足中国高粱产业对天然有机高粱原料的巨大需求,还可以推动高粱生产向高产优质转变.对高粱炭疽病的分布和发病症状、炭疽病病原菌侵染机理、病害发生流行规律及流行原因、抗性资源鉴定和高粱抗炭疽病基因定位的相关研究进展进行了综合分析和论述,以期从分子水平上更好地认识高粱与炭疽病病原菌之间的相互作用,为高粱炭疽病研究提供参考.

以甘蔗品种‘福农39’和‘新台糖22’的茎尖为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,研究不同激素浓度和不同茎尖部位对愈伤组织的诱导与分化的效应.结果 表明:添加3.0 mg/L 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)对甘蔗品种‘福农39’愈伤组织的诱导效果最佳.在此浓度下,‘福农39’和对照‘新台糖22’愈伤组织诱导率分别达到98.9％和97.8％;茎尖生长点基部(较粗的一端)以上0～3 cm的部位愈伤组织诱导效果最好,‘福农39’和对照‘新台糖22’该部位的愈伤组织诱导率分别达到了97.8％和88.9％;添加2.0 mg/L6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-BA)对甘蔗品种‘福农39’愈伤组织的分化诱导效果最好.在此浓度下,‘福农39’和对照‘新台糖22’愈伤组织分化出苗率分别达到了57.4％和74.1％;茎尖生长点基部以上0～3 cm部位诱导的愈伤组织分化出苗率最高,‘福农39’和对照‘新台糖22’在该部位的愈伤组织分化出芽率分别达到了41.5％和54.8％.本研究为后续‘福农39’转基因研究及健康种苗生产提供帮助.

采取问卷形式对广西166户农户的家庭基本情况、乡村种养背景、芸薹属作物认知及种植意愿等进行调查,在对各有效答题进行基本统计分析的基础上,进一步采用主成分分析以及Logit模型对影响农户种植油菜意愿的因素进行分析.结果表明,种植油菜产生额外收入的多少、种植油菜对当地旅游业发展的促进对种植油菜的意愿有显著影响.此外,基于问卷分析,对在广西充分利用冬闲田发展油菜旅游、绿肥等产业,推进产业结构调整,促进农民增产增收提出了针对性的建议.

利用SSR与RAPD两种分子标记对美国、中国台湾以及中国大陆不同甘蔗育种单位选育的甘蔗品种或亲本材料的遗传多样性进行评估.其中19对SSR引物共扩增出87条带,多态性带为84条,多态性比例为96.55％,扩增出的条带数范围为2～8条,平均每对引物扩增出4.58条带,引物的PIC值范围为0.34～0.93,平均0.64.21条RAPD引物共扩增出184条带,扩增条带数范围为3～16,平均每条引物扩增8.76条带,其中多态性带为184,多态性比例为100％,引物PIC范围为0.53～0.97,平均0.86.结果表明,两种分子标记都能较好的评估甘蔗品种的遗传多样性.

采用树干解析的方法,对广西国有雅长林场72年生细叶云南松天然林生长规律进行研究.结果表明:72年生细叶云南松天然林的平均胸径、树高和材积分别为53.40 cm(去皮)、26.3 m和2.5523 m3.胸径在第1～9年生长缓慢,第10～55年进入快速生长期,连年生长量曲线与平均生长量曲线相交于第54～55年,之后生长明显降低.第9～34年为树高生长的快速期,连年生长峰值出现在第19年,连年生长曲线与平均生长曲线相交于第34～35年之间.材积的连年生长在第1～11年增长十分缓慢,材积累积量仅为0.0215 m3,仅占总材积生长量的0.84％,第11年之后材积的增长迅速增加,第48年时达到最大值0.0802 m3/年,直到第68～69年材积生长达到数量成熟.经拟合的生长模型有很高的精度,其中胸径、树高以及材积分别以威布尔模型、理查德模型和威布尔模型最优.

According to the review of relative researches on Acrocarpus fiaxinifolius, the bio-ecological characteristic, distribution, seed, seedling cultivation, planting technique and the application of wood property were summarized and analyzed. The future research direction was put forward.

RAPD,SSR and AFLP technology combined with bulked segregant analysis were performed to identify genetic markers for pol CMS restorer gene Rfp and to map the markers using an F2 population of a pol CMS line 1141A crossed to its restorer line Huayehui.One AFLP marker E7P16230 and one RAPD marker S1-500 were identified linked to Rfp locus.These two genetic markers flank Rfp gene on different sides,and closely linked to Rfp with a genetic distance of 4.3 cM for E7P16230 and 10.8 cM for S1-500,respectively.

In this study, AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) was improved on the combination of restriction enzymes by using two average cutting frequency restriction enzymes (EcoRⅠ+PstⅠ) to take place the combination of an average cutting frequency and a higher cutting frequency restriction enzyme (EcoRI+MseI and PstI+MseI) in a single digestion. The results showed that the combination of EcoRⅠ+PstⅠ could generate fewer fragments with larger size (most of bands distribute among 150 bp to 800bp) as well as a higher percentage of polymorphism than EcoRⅠ+MseⅠ and PstⅠ+MseⅠ. The signal strength and polymorphism of PCR products were improved too. Furthermore, the results described here have great commercial potential because the average cutting frequency enzymes EcoRI and PstI are much cheaper than the high cutting frequency enzyme MseI. In this way, the cost of AFLP analysis can be reduced.

In order to investigate effects of fertility restorer gene Rfp on expression of orf224/atp6, Northern analyses of floral mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) from polima (pol) CMS three lines were conducted using 10 probes of mitochondrial genes in this paper. Differences in transcriptional patterns were observed only with the probes atp6, orf224 and orf222. The atp6 probe detected a single, 1.1 kb transcript with strong abundance in the male fertile 1141B (nap cytoplasm). In the male sterile 1141A (pol cytoplasm) and fertile restorer line 1141R (pol cytoplasm), levels of this transcript appeared greatly reduced, and two longer transcripts of 2.2 and 1.9 kb were observed. Compared with 1141A, levels of the 2.2 and 1.9 kb transcripts appeared to be slightly reduced in the restorer line 1141R, and two additional transcripts of 1.3 and 1.4 kb were observed. The results suggested that the expression of orf224/atp6 gene region was associated with pol CMS and regulated by Rfp gene. In contrast to floral buds of the male sterile 1141A, the 1.4 kb transcript specific to fertility-restored plants was also observed in seedlings of 1141A. Possible mechanisms by which transcriptional alteration of orf224/atp6 between floral buds and seedlings of 1141A may be related to nuclear genotypes and relatively low temperature are discussed.