Streptococcus suis serotype 2 is a significant zoonotic pathogen that poses a serious threat to the health of humans and various animals. Ribosomal protein S1 (RPSA), acting as a key virulence factor, mediates SS2 adhesion to host cells and facilitates its penetration of the blood–brain barrier. In this study, we expressed the SS2 RPSA recombinant protein and used it to immunize BALB/c mice. Through screening, we obtained a high-affinity hybridoma clone and produced a specific anti-RPSA monoclonal antibody (designated mAb-RPSA-5E2). We found that mAb-RPSA-5E2 exhibited potent antibacterial activity, significantly inhibiting the proliferation of SS2 in vitro. In SS2-challenged mice, treatment with mAb-RPSA-5E2 significantly reduced mortality and alleviated pathological damage in the lung and brain tissues. Furthermore, evaluating the immunoprotective effect of the SS2-RPSA protein as a subunit vaccine revealed that this vaccine provided good protection against SS2 infection. These findings indicate that RPSA is a promising candidate target for developing SS2 subunit vaccines and targeted therapeutic biologics. • The SS2 RPSA monoclonal antibody can inhibit the proliferation of SS2 in vitro. • The SS2 RPSA monoclonal antibody can reduce the mortality rates of mice. • The SS2-RPSA subunit vaccine provides significant immunoprotective effects in mice.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a significant pathogen severely threatening the global swine industry. Due to its high variability, traditional vaccines have limited effectiveness in prevention and control. In this study, we conducted a systematic analysis of the molecular characteristics and evolutionary dynamics of 1109 PEDV strains circulating in China, focusing on their S gene sequences. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Chinese PEDV strains could be classified into two major groups: GI (classic) and GII (variant), which were further divided into six subtypes: GIa, GIb, S-INDEL, GIIa, GIIb, and GIIc. Among them, GIIa accounted for 35.62%, GIIb for 25.70%, and GIIc for 26.06% of the total subtypes. Geographical distribution data showed that Guangdong, Sichuan, and Henan were the provinces with the highest incidences of PEDV. Analysis of amino acid mutations in the S protein suggested that GII strains might sustain transmission under immune pressure via a dual strategy of "sialic acid high affinity + immune escape". Recombination analysis indicated that the D0 structural domain, identified as a recombination hotspot, likely drives PEDV cross-species transmission and immune evasion. Glycosylation pattern analysis further demonstrated that GII strains exhibited unique glycosylation patterns at N62 and N118, potentially related to changes in immunogenicity. This study reports amino acid mutations, recombination events, and glycosylation site variation characteristics of Chinese PEDV strains. These findings provide a crucial foundation for elucidating the evolutionary mechanisms of PEDV, optimizing vaccine design, and formulating region-specific prevention and control strategies.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is intensely prevalent in global pig farms. The PCV2 vaccine is an important means of preventing and controlling PCV2. The quality control of PCV2 vaccines is predominantly based on detection techniques such as animal testing and neutralizing antibody titration. Measuring the content of effective proteins in vaccines to measure vaccine efficacy is an excellent alternative to traditional methods, which can greatly accelerate the development speed and testing time of vaccines. In this study, we screened a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that can effectively recognize not only the exogenous expression of PCV2 Cap protein but also PCV2 virus. The double antibody sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA) was developed using this mAb that specifically recognize PCV2 Cap. The minimum protein content detected by this method is 3.5ng/ml. This method can be used for the quality control of PCV2 inactivated vaccine and subunit vaccine, and the detection results are consistent with the results of mice animal experiments. This method has the advantages of simple operation, good sensitivity, high specificity and wide application. It can detect the effective antigen Cap protein content of various types of PCV2 vaccines, which not only shorten the vaccine inspection time but also save costs.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal disease with no existing curative drugs. NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) a pivotal molecular in cellular protection, was investigated in PH models to elucidate its role in regulating abnormal phenotypes in pulmonary artery cells. We examined the expression of NRF2 in PH models and explored the role of NRF2 in regulating abnormal phenotypes in pulmonary artery cells. We determined the expression level of NRF2 in lung tissues of PH model decreased significantly. We found that NRF2 was reduced in rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells (rPAEC) under hypoxia, while it was overexpressed in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (rPASMC) under hypoxia. Next, the results showed that knockdown NRF2 in rPAEC promoted endothelial-mesenchymal transformation and upregulated reactive oxygen species level. After the rPASMC was treated with siRNA or activator, we found that NRF2 could accelerate cell migration by affecting MMP2/3/7, and promote cell proliferation by regulating PDGFR/ERK1/2 and mTOR/P70S6K pathways. Therefore, the study has shown that the clinical application of NRF2 activator in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension may cause side effects of promoting the proliferation and migration of rPASMC. Attention should be paid to the combination of NRF2 activators.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is one of the main pathogens threatening the global pig industry, and there is still a lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Sanggenon C is a flavanone Diels-Alder adduct compound extracted from the root bark of the mulberry genus, which has blood pressure-reducing, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects. In our previous study, Sanggenon C was confirmed to significantly inhibit PRRSV replication in vitro. However, its antiviral potential to inhibit PRRSV infection in vivo has not been evaluated in piglets. Here, the antiviral effect of Sanggenon C was evaluated in PRRSV-challenged piglets based on assessments of rectal temperature, viral load, pathological changes of lung tissue and secretion of inflammatory cytokines. The results showed that Sanggenon C treatment relieved the clinical symptoms, reduced the viral loads in the lungs and bloods, alleviated the pathological damage of lung tissue, decreased the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and shorten the excretion time of virus from the oral and nasal secretions and feces of piglets after PRRSV infection. The results indicated that Sanggenon C is a promising anti-PRRSV drug, which provides a new strategy for the prevention and control of PRRS in clinical practice.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a serious infectious disease and one of the major causes of death in the global pig industry. PRRS virus (PRRSV) strains have complex and diverse genetic characteristics and cross-protection between strains is low, which complicates vaccine selection; thus, the current vaccination strategy has been greatly compromised. Therefore, it is necessary to identify effective natural compounds for the clinical treatment of PRRS. A small molecule library composed of 720 natural compounds was screened in vitro, and we found that Sanggenon C (SC) was amongst the most effective natural compound inhibitors of PRRSV infection. Compared with ribavirin, SC more significantly inhibited PRRSV infection at both the gene and protein levels and reduced the viral titres and levels of protein expression and inflammatory cytokine secretion to more effectively protect cells from PRRSV infection and damage. Mechanistically, SC inhibits activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway by promoting TRAF2 expression, thereby reducing PRRSV replication. In conclusion, by screening natural compounds, we found that SC suppresses PRRSV infection by regulating the TRAF2/NF-κB signalling pathway. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the therapeutic targets and pathogenesis of PRRSV infection. More importantly, our results demonstrate that SC has potential as a candidate for the treatment of PRRS.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) release calcium ions from the endoplasmic reticulum to regulate permeability and migration of endothelial, thereby affecting PAH. In this study, We determined the expression level of IP3R3 and its position in lung tissue from PAH rat models, and stud the effect of IP3R3 on endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and mitochondrial function of endothelial cells treated with TGF-β1. We observed that IP3R3 was significantly overexpressed in the lung tissues from PAH rat models. Inhibition of IP3R3 reduced EndMT markers, cell migration, ROS production, Ca2+ levels, increased mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, III, and V activities. These results suggest that the inhibition of IP3R3 attenuated EndMT and migration induced by TGF-β1 via restoring of mitochondrial functions, thereby suggesting a novel therapeutic opportunity for PAH.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a kind of fatal disease. There are no existing drugs that could reverse the diseas. NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is one of the most important moleculars in the range of cell protection. We examined the expression of NRF2 in PH models and explored the role of NRF2 in regulating abnormal phenotypes in pulmonary artery cells. We determined the expression level of NRF2 in lung tissues of PH model decreased significantly. We found that NRF2 was reduced in rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells (rPAEC) under hypoxia, while it was overexpressed in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (rPASMC) under hypoxia. Next, the results showed that knockdown NRF2 in rPAEC promoted endothelial-mesenchymal transformation and upregulated reactive oxygen species level. After the rPASMC was treated with siRNA or activator, we found that NRF2 could promote cell proliferation by regulating PDGFR/ERK1/2 and mTOR/P70S6K pathways, and accelerate cell migration by affecting MMP2/3/7. Therefore, the study suggests that the combination of NRF2 activators should be considered to eliminate the promoting effect of NRF2 activators on proliferation and migration of rPASMC. Summary statement Hypoxia regulates NRF2 in PAECs and PASMCs differently. We found that NRF2 could promote cell proliferation by regulating PDGFR/ERK1/2 and mTOR/P70S6K pathways, and accelerate cell migration by affecting MMP2/3/7.

Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a respiratory disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure. Persistent hypoxia alters the metabolic and transport functions of endothelial cells and promotes thrombosis and inflammation. Type 3 inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R3) controls the release of calcium ions from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytoplasm and mitochondria and is involved in cell proliferation, migration, and protein synthesis. In this study, we investigated the role and function of IP3R3 in HPH. The results showed that the expression level of IP3R3 was increased in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) in a rat HPH model. The pulmonary artery pressure indices of IP3R3(-/-) mice with persistent hypoxia were significantly lower than those of HPH mice. The expression level of IP3R3 was significantly increased in hypoxia-treated PAECs. Knockdown of IP3R3 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and mesenchymal transition of PAECs induced by hypoxia. In conclusion, knockdown of IP3R3 can inhibit hypoxia-induced dysfunctions in PAECs, thus enabling IP3R3(-/-) mice to avoid HPH development. IP3R3 plays a key role in HPH and can be used as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of HPH.

This study investigated the analgesia effects of intramuscular injection of ketamine, dexmedetomidine and tiletamine-zolazepam combined with tramadol (KDZT) and compared the efficacy of this combination with that of ketamine, dexmedetomidine and tiletamine-zolazepam (KDZ) in Chinese local mongrel cats. Ten cats were tested twice as a comparison between the two groups, and the interval between the two groups was more than a week. The animals received ketamine (10 mg/kg), dexmedetomidine (10 μg/kg) and zoletil (5 mg/kg) combined with or without tramadol (2 mg/kg) for anesthesia in separate tests. Heart rate, respiration rate, non-invasive systolic pressure, hemoglobin oxygen saturation, rectal temperature, subjective pain scores and venous blood-gas were measured simultaneously. The induction time, recovery time of the righting reflex, standing and walking, the time during the anesthesia period were recorded. Cardiopulmonary variables changed after injection, some of which were significantly different from baselines before anesthesia induction. Values regarding blood gas changed after intramuscular administration, and significant differences were found between two groups at one of the timepoints. Both KDZT and KDZ provided adequate analgesia in cats. The induction period of two anesthetic mixtures was within 1-3 min and could effectively maintain anesthesia for 75-175 min. The change of physiological parameters remained within a biologically acceptable range and was not significantly different between the two groups. The use of KDZT resulted in better anesthesia, with shorter anesthesia induction period and longer anesthesia period compared with KDZ. No side effects were observed, no rescue analgesic was required.

为探讨小清蛋白(PV)在成年摇晃小鼠海马中的表达情况,用免疫荧光组织化学法对野生型小鼠(R+/+)、杂合子摇晃小鼠(R+/-)、纯合子摇晃小鼠(R-/-)海马CA1区、CA3区、齿状回中PV的分布和表达进行研究.结果表明,PV在摇晃小鼠海马CA1区、CA3区和齿状回中均有分布,主要表达于CA1区和CA3区的锥体细胞层及齿状回的颗粒细胞层.与野生型相比,杂合子摇晃小鼠CA1区PV阳性细胞数显著降低(P<0.01),而纯合子摇晃小鼠增加;CA3区和齿状回中的PV阳性细胞数均降低,但纯合子摇晃小鼠高于杂合子摇晃小鼠.提示摇晃蛋白(Reelin)影响PV的表达,且PV的表达异常可能与摇晃小鼠的表现型有关.

为了适应时代发展及学生群体发展特征,对《动物组织学与胚胎学》进行了教学现代教学模式的探究,通过积极有效地将现代科技技术和先进的教学方式运用于该门课程的教授和实践中,并通过改进教学软件和提高自身素质,让学生积极的参与到课程教学过程中来.实现了以学生为主体,老师为引导的现代教育理念.

Coactosin-like protein 1 (Cotl1), a member of the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin family, was first purified from a soluble fraction of Dictyostelium discoideum cells. Neuronal migration requires cytoskeletal remodeling and actin regulation. Although Cotl1 strongly binds to F-actin, the role of Cotl1 in neuronal migration remains undescribed. In this study, we revealed that Cotl1 overexpression impaired migration of both early- and late-born neurons during mouse corticogenesis. Moreover, Cotl1 overexpression delayed, rather than blocked, neuronal migration in late-born neurons. Cotl1 expression disturbed the morphology of migrating neurons, lengthening the leading processes. This study is the first to investigate the function of Cotl1, and the results indicate that Cotl1 is involved in the regulation of neuronal migration and morphogenesis.

为了探究长期饲喂高精料日粮对泌乳期奶山羊乳脂形成的影响机制,为科学饲养泌乳期的奶山羊提供理论基础.选用处于泌乳初期的14只关中奶山羊,随机分为2组,饲喂日粮精粗比为35:65的作为对照组,65:35的作为试验组,试验期为19周.结果表明,与对照组相比,饲喂高精料日粮的奶山羊血液谷丙转氨酶浓度显著升高(P<0.05),甘油三酯有降低的趋势(P=0.099);试验组,肝细胞呈肿胀变性或空泡样变性;然而,与对照组相比,试验组奶山羊肝脏内脂类的分解和合成代谢相关基因表达均未发生显著变化.研究结果显示,长期饲喂高精料日粮可导致血液中谷丙转氨酶升高,提示这可能与肝细胞受损有关,但是脂类代谢的相关基因表达均没有发生显著变化.

总结我校举办的外科手术技能大赛的实践经验,探讨外科手术技能大赛在动物医学专业学生临床实践能力培养这种的作用.通过举办外科手术技能大赛,使得临床实践教学得到重视,教学基础设施得到改善,教师教学水平得到提升,学生临床实践技能得到加强,提升了我校动物医学专业学生的综合素质.

Fyn is a non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase that belongs to Src family kinases. Fyn plays a critical role in neuronal migration, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we reported that suppression of Fyn expression in mouse cerebral cortex led to migration defects of both early-born and late-born neurons. Morphological analysis showed that loss of Fyn function impaired multipolar-bipolar transition of newly generated neurons and neurite formation in the early phase of migration. Moreover, Fyn inhibition increased the length of leading process and decreased the branching number of the migrating cortical neurons. Together, these results indicate that Fyn controls neuronal migration by regulating the cytoskeletal dynamics and multipolar-bipolar transition of newly generated neurons during cortical development. (C) 2017 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

In order to investigate the effects and mechanisms of KMT on hemodynamics in Bamei pigs,eight healthy Bamei pigs of eight-week-old were received intramuscular injected KMT 0.1 mL/kg,and blood was collected in 0 min,5 min,10 min,15 min,30 min,45 min,60 min,80 min,100 min and 120 min,at the same time,noninvasive blood pressure(NIBP)and heart rhythm(HR) were monitored.Plasma renin(PRA),angiotensin Ⅱ (AⅡ) and aldosterone(ALD) were determined by radioimmunoassay.The results showed that NIBP and HR were increased after injection and reached the highest at 10 min and then decreased until 80 min,after that time NIBP and HR were increased.PRA,AⅡ and ALD were changed similar to that of SBP,DBP,MAP and HR,and correlation between them was found,particularly in SBP,DBP and MAP.The conclusion showed that PRA,AⅡ and ALD participated in change of hemodynamics caused by KMT,and R-A-A-S caused by KMT in Bamei pigs maybe one of the main reasons for changing blood pressure.

In this study, the analgesia effects of intravenous injection either of lidocaine, fentanyl, or their combination were compared in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Forty-eight dogs were randomly assigned into three groups. Anesthesia was induced with 6 mg/kg propofol and maintained with 2% (vaporizer dial setting) isoflurane. Animals received lidocaine (4 mg/kg), fentanyl (3 mu g/kg), and their combination after 15 minutes of induction. Heart rhythm, respiratory rhythm, blood pressure, rectal temperature, subjective pain scores and arterial blood-gas were measured at same time. Cardiopulmonary variables changed after injection, and some of them had significant differences compared with baselines at the moment of extubation. The maximal subjective pain scores were recorded at three hours after extubation, but rescue analgesic was not required at this study. Though values regarding blood gas changed after intravenous administration of agents, significant differences were not found between groups at any of the time-points. Both drugs and their combination provided adequate analgesia undergoing ovariohysterectomy in dogs. No side effects were observed, no rescue analgesic was required. (C)2016 PVJ. All rights reserved

伴随着科学技术的发展,计算机互联网系统被逐渐应用于现实生活中的各个领域,"数码显微互动实验室"的建立便是一个显著的例子,"数码显微互动实验室"的应用明显改变了传统《动物组织胚胎学》实验课的教学条件;本课题将在"数码显微互动实验室"的基础上对传统《动物组织学与胚胎学》的理论课与实验课同时进行"反转课堂"的教学改革,改变传统"以教师为中心"的教学模式,变为"以学生为中心"的实践与理论相结合的教学模式,将"数码显微互动实验室"的优势条件最大化利用,从而最大化提高该课程的教学改革.

The purpose of this study was to investigate that whether there is a close correlation between se-rotonin (5-HT)and the growth of goat luteal cells and to reveal the 5-HT in the corpus luteum of the bio-logical effects of developing.In this study,the primary culture goat corpus luteal cells were obtained by col-lagenaseⅡ digestion and identified with OT immunostaining.The effect was studied using MTT assay and immunohistochemical staining assay-SP to obtain goat luteal cells PCNA protein.MTT assay showed that, 5-HT on the proliferation of goat luteal cells play a role in promoting the proliferation in the concentration range of 10 -8 -10 -4 mol/L,the higher the concentration,the more obvious proliferation.Immunohistochemi-cal staining confirmed that 5-HT enables goat luteal cells expressing PCNA protein increased.The results showed that 5-HT may be by promoting the expression of PCNA protein to achieve the effect of promoting proliferation of goat luteal cells.5-HT occurs in the corpus luteum,plays an important role in the develop-ment process and the initial revealing the molecular mechanisms associated reproductive endocrine system, and provides a theoretical basis.