ABSTRACT Objective Dorsal articular collapse in distal radius fractures presents unique fixation challenges. While volar locking plating (VLP) dominates current practice, dorsal vertical double plating (DVDP) offers direct biomechanical support but carries perceived tendon risks. This study compares DVDP versus VLP for dorsally collapsed comminuted fractures. Methods A retrospective cohort of 106 patients (2022–2024) with AO type C2/C3 fractures received either VLP (n = 50) or DVDP (n = 56). General information encompassed gender, age, injured side, injury mechanism, AO classification, time from injury to surgery, operative time and complication profiles. Primary outcomes included 12‐month radiographic parameters (volar tilt, ulnar inclination, and radial height), wrist range of motion (ROM), functional scores (DASH, Gartland‐Werley), and complications. Continuous variables were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. Categorical variables were analyzed with Pearson's χ 2 test. Results The study cohort comprised 106 patients with dorsally collapsed distal radius fractures (VLP = 50, DVDP = 56). Baseline characteristics, including age (VLP median 59 years [IQR: 55–61.25] vs. DVDP 57 [53–61]), gender distribution (36% vs. 35.7% male), injury mechanism (72% vs. 71.4% falls), and AO classification (C3: 76% vs. 76.8%), showed no significant differences (all p > 0.05). At 12‐month follow‐up, all fractures achieved union with comparable radiographic outcomes: volar tilt (10° [8°–12°] vs. 10° [9°–12°]), ulnar inclination (22° [20°–23°] vs. 23° [22°–23°]), and radial height (11 mm [9–12] vs. 11 mm [10–12]) (all p > 0.05). Functional assessments revealed equivalent ranges of motion: dorsiflexion (69.5° [62°–76°] vs. 70° [68°–75°]), palmar flexion (68° [60°–70°] vs. 69.5° [66°–70°]), and rotation (pronation‐supination: 80° [67.75°–65°]/71.5° [61.5°–81.25°] vs. 75.5° [70°–82°]/75° [68°–80°]). Patient‐reported outcomes were similar: Gartland–Werley scores (5 [3–8] vs. 5 [3–7.75]) and DASH scores (12.5 [10–15.42] vs. 12.5 [12.5–15]) (all p > 0.05). Complication rates were comparable (VLP: 10% transient median neuropathy vs. DVDP: 12.5% tendon adhesions, p = 0.69), with all cases resolving conservatively within 3 months. Crucially, the DVDP group demonstrated zero tendon ruptures using tendon‐sparing techniques. Conclusion DVDP demonstrates non‐inferior functional and radiographic outcomes to VLP for dorsally collapsed fractures. With meticulous technique—including intercompartmental approaches and low‐profile implants—DVDP eliminates historical tendon risks and serves as a viable surgical alternative.

Based on the phenomenon that most thoracolumbar primary fracture line passes the center of the pedicle, we proposed an injury mechanism model to evaluate. Consecutive patients with thoracolumbar fractures treated operatively between October 2019, and December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic and spinal radiographical parameters were measured and recorded. Pedicle hyperintensity on T2-weighted sagittal MR images was labeled. We examined the relationship between the course of the line (Radius) connecting the center of the pedicle of the injured vertebra and the IAR and orientation of the thoracolumbar primary fracture line. A partial correlation test was calculated to find correlations between demographic and spinal radiographical parameters. Nonlinear regression analysis was run with the Radius as the dependent variable and the other spinal kyphosis parameters as the independent variables to verify this model. Ninety-seven patients with 104 thoracolumbar fractures were included in this study. Ninety-four (90.4

Background: The objective of this research was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to ferroptosis in the annulus fibrosus (AF) during intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Methods: We analyzed gene data from degenerated and normal AF obtained from the GSE70362 and GSE147383 datasets. An analysis to determine the functional significance of the DEGs was conducted, followed by the creation of a network illustrating the interactions between proteins. We further analyzed the immune infiltration of the DEGs and determined the hub DEGs using LASSO regression analysis. Finally, we identified the hub ferroptosis-related DEGs (FRDEGs) and verified their expression levels using Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blot, Immunohistochemical Staining (IHC), and Immunofluorescence (IF). Results: By analyzing the GSE70362 and GSE147383 datasets, we identified 118 DEGs. In degenerative AF groups, we observed a significant increase in immune infiltration of resting memory CD4+ T cells. LASSO regression analysis revealed 9 hub DEGs. The construction of a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve yielded an Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 0.762. Furthermore, we found that MGST1 is a hub gene related to ferroptosis. Our examination of immune infiltration indicated that MGST1 primarily influences macrophage M0 in different immune cell expression groups. Finally, our observations revealed a marked upregulation of MGST1 expression in the degenerated annulus fibrosus tissue. Conclusion: Our findings indicate an upsurge in MGST1 levels within degenerative AF, potentially playing a crucial role in the exacerbation of IDD. These findings provide a foundation for further exploration of the pathological mechanisms underlying IDD and offer potential drug targets for intervention.

Background To explore extraperitoneal approach as an optimal option for reducing peritoneal disruption at a single-level disc in anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF). Methods First, abdominal axial CT images obtained from 111 patients were observed to evaluate the distribution of extraperitoneal fat at L2-S1 and measure the lateral distances between the midline and the lateral borders of the rectus and the extraperitoneal fat for each disc level. Second, eight embalmed corpses were dissected along the lateral border of the rectus to expose the peritoneum, which was then separated laterally and medially to evaluate the distribution of fat and peritoneum adhesion. Finally, a total of 58 patients were selected for ALIF. For L2-L4 discs and L4-S1, the pararectus approach and the paramedian approach were utilized, respectively. Results Extraperitoneal fat was observed behind the rectus at the L5-S1 and the lateral distance between the fat and midline and the lateral border of the rectus gradually decreased on both sides of L2-5. On the cranial side of the arcuate line, it was easier to separate the peritoneum outward along the lateral edge of the rectus. When bluntly dissected medially, the peritoneum was closely adhered to abdominal wall. No complications such as peritoneal damage, retroperitoneal hematoma and neurological complications occurred in 58 patients undergoing the aforementioned surgical methods. Conclusions For L4-S1, the paramedian approach is the optimal technique to expose the disc, whereas the pararectus approach is the feasible surgical method at L2-4.

肩锁关节脱位是一种常见的肩关节损伤，其治疗一直是临床和研究的焦点。本文回顾了过去几年来在肩锁关节脱位治疗方面取得的重要进展，并对不同治疗方法的疗效进行了评估。治疗方法包括保守治疗、手术干预以及康复治疗。保守治疗主要包括物理疗法、抗炎药物和肩部固定。手术干预方面，包括传统的重建手术和最新的关节镜技术，如锁骨下角切除术、锁骨修复术等。康复治疗在肩锁关节脱位的康复过程中起着重要作用。最后，讨论了当前治疗中的挑战和未来研究的方向。本文的目的是为临床医生和研究人员提供有关肩锁关节脱位治疗的综合资料，以促进患者的治疗效果和康复进程。

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of the New England spinal metastasis score (NESMS) in predicting the prognosis of patients with spinal metastases by retrospectively analyzing the medical records of multicenter spinal metastases in China.Methods:The data of 179 patients with spinal metastases from January 2008 to December 2018 were retrospectively collected. There were 108 males (60.3%) and 71 females (39.7%) with an average age of 59.79±10.88 years old (range 27-84 years). The patient demographic characteristics, primary tumor type, spinal metastases and segments, vertebral pathological fractures, neurological Frankel classification, physical function status, Karnofsky performance scale (KPS), visual analogue score (VAS), the spinal instability neoplastic score (SINS), modified Bauer score, NESMS score, Tomita score and modified Tokuhashi score were collected. The clinical value of NESMS score, Tomita score and modified Tokuhashi score in predicting the survival of patients with spinal metastases were compared. The independent factors affecting survival in these patients were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression model.Results:Among the 179 patients, the peak incidence of spinal metastases was in the age group of 61-75 years (45.3%, 81/179) of all patients. Lung cancer was the most common primary tumor (46.9%, 84/179). 40.8% (73/179) of patients had multi-segment metastasisand thoracic spine was the most common site with single-site metastasis (26.3%, 47/179). 28.5% (51/179) of the patients had visceral metastases and 52.0% (93/179) of the patients had extraspinal bone metastases. 31.3% (56/179) of the patients had pathological fractures of the involved vertebral bodies.114 patients received surgical treatment (63.4%). The mortality rates in 3-months, 6-months and 1-year were 22.4% (40/179), 51.4% (92/179) and 77.1% (138/179), respectively. The median survival time of patients with NESMS score of 0-3 was 3, 4, 8, and 10 months respectively with the mean survival time was 3.60±2.10, 6.77±3.39, 9.69±5.71 and 10.53±6.25 months. The 1-year mortality rates were 100% (13/13), 87.5% (42/48), 71.6% (63/88) and 66.7% (20/30) respectively. The consistency of NESMS score, Tomita score and modified Tokuhashi score in predicting survival of all patients was 0.63, 0.58 and 0.55, respectively. For patients with spinal metastases, the NESMS score was better than the Tomita score and modified Tokuhashi score in predicting survival at 3-months (AUC=1.00, 0.63, 0.42) and 6-months (AUC=0.71, 0.63, 0.45). But the accuracy of Tomita score was best in predicting survival at 1-year (AUC=0.66, 0.61, 0.38). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that growth rate of primary tumor, neurological function Frankel score, albumin level and surgical treatment were independent factors affecting the survival time of patients with spinal metastases ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The consistency and accuracy of NESMS score in predicting survival of patients with spinal metastases are better than Tomita score and modified Tokuhashi score, especially in predicting 3- and 6-month survival. The growth rate of primary tumor, Frankel classification, albumin level and surgical treatment were independent factors affecting the survival time of patients with spinal metastases.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the patients with spinal metastases who received surgical intervention and summarize the evolution of their clinical and pathological characteristics and surgical methods.Methods:The data of 703 patients with spinal metastases from January 2007 to December 2018 were collected retrospectively. There were 395 males (56.19%, 395/703) and 308 females (43.81%, 308/703) with an average age of 58.14±11.46 years (range 13-84 years). According to the degree of invasion and thoroughness of tumor resection, the surgical methods could be divided into minimally invasive surgery, decompression surgery, separation surgery, piecemeal resection and total en-bloc spondylectomy surgery. The operative methods were minimally invasive surgery in 89 cases (12.66%), decompression surgery in 96 cases (13.66%), separation surgery in 303 cases (43.10%), piecemeal resection in 182 cases (25.89%) and total en-bloc spondylectomy in 33 cases (4.69%). To analyze the trend of the clinical, pathological types and surgical treatment of patients with spinal metastases over the years, and determine the relevant factors affecting the decision-making of surgical methods by multivariate logistic regression.Results:The ratio of male to female was 1.28:1. 39.54% (278/703) of patients with single-segment involvement in 703 patients, 24.04% (169/703) of patients with double-segment metastasis and 36.42% (256/703) of patients with multi-segment metastasis. The most common type of primary tumor was lung cancer (34.57%, 243/703), followed by breast cancer (8.25%, 58/703), myeloma (8.11%, 57/703), gastrointestinal tumor (6.82%, 48/703) and renal malignant tumor (6.40%, 45/703). From 2007 to 2018, there was no significant difference in the percentage change of different age, gender and primary tumor source composition (age: χ 2=14.01, P=0.233; gender: χ 2=35.73, P=0.341; primary tumor: χ 2=120.09, P=0.074). The percentage of patients with sacrococcygeal metastasis decreased from 20.00% in 2008 to 1.89% in 2017 and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=8.09, P=0.005). The percentage of patients with multi-level metastasis increased from 26.67% in 2008 to 52.83% in 2017, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=7.23, P=0.007). The percentage of patients with minimally invasive surgery decreased from 25.00% in 2007 to 5.88% in 2018, and the percentage of patients with segmented resection decreased from 53.33% in 2008 to 10.29% in 2018. The proportion of the two surgical methods showed a significant downward trend, and the differences were statistically significant (minimally invasive surgery: χ 2=1.46, P=0.026; segmented resection surgery: χ 2=19.56, P<0.001). The percentage of patients undergoing separation surgery increased from 13.33% in 2008 to 64.71% in 2018, and the proportion of patients undergoing total en-bloc spondylectomy increased from 0 in 2007 to 10.29% in 2018. Both surgical methods showed a significant growth trend and the differences were statistically significant (separation surgery: χ 2=27.09, P<0.001; χ 2=4.16, P=0.042). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, metastatic site, number of metastatic segments, pathological vertebral fractures, Frankel grade, SINS score and VAS score were independent factors influencing surgical decision-making ( P<0.05). Conclusion:With different time and age, the invasiveness and thoroughness of surgery are increasing, which shows that the percentage of patients who underwent separation surgery and to-tal en-bloc spondylectomy is significantly increasing. Age, metastatic site, number of metastatic segments, pathological vertebral fractures, Frankel grade, SINS score and VAS score are independent factors affecting surgical decision-making.

Objective:To summarize the clinical manifestations, epidemiological features and progress of diagnosis and treatment of gout in the spinal canal.Methods:A 59-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to back pain, weakness in both lower limbs, hypoaesthesia and feeling of walking and stepping on cotton for more than one month. The preoperative imaging examination showed there were space-occupying lesions in the spinal canal at the T 8, 9 level with severe canal stenosis. The patient underwent posterior T 8, 9 laminectomy decompression, debridement and T 7-T 10 pedicle screw internal fixation under general anesthesia. The thoracic spinal gout was diagnosed by postoperative pathology. Further, the following keywords, "gout", "gout of spinal canal", "gout of spine" and "intraspinal gout", were used to search in the Chinese and English databases. A total of 62 patients with intraspinal gout were retrieved. The age, gender, involved disease, history of gout or hyperuricemia, laboratory indicators and imaging data of 63 patients were collected. Results:A total of 63 patients with intraspinal gout were retrieved. The gender of one patient was unknown. The remaining patients included 54 males (87.1%, 54/62) and 8 females (12.9%, 8/62) with the ratio of male to female 6.75∶1. The average age was 52(35, 67) years (range 20-82 years) and the peak onset period was 60-79 years. Fifty-six cases (88.9%, 56/63) of all patients suffered the disease from one single site of the spine, including 26 cases in the lumbar-sacral (46.4%), 22 cases (39.3%) in the thoracic spine and 8 cases (14.3%) in the cervical spine. However, only 7 patients had the disease at more than two sites at the same time accounting for 11.1% of all patients (7/63). Fifty-three patients (91.4%, 53/58) had a history of hyperuricemia with an average duration of 8.6 years (range 3 months to 28 years). The clinical symptoms of intraspinal gout were not specific. There were 70.5% (43/61) patients had local pain and up to 98.4% (60/61) patients had varying degrees of neurological dysfunction. X-ray examinations often showed no positive results due to technical limitations. Among 41 patients with CT imaging data, 31 cases showed mid-to-high density elliptical or irregular calcifications in the spinal canal and the remaining 10 patients showed medium-low density soft tissue masses. There were 96.2% (51/53) of patients with intraspinal gout showed medium or low signal on T1WI MRI examination but without high signal or low signal on T2WI (40 cases of high signal, 13 cases of high signal or mixed signal). All 63 patients were finally diagnosed by pathological examination and 5 of them with histological features. The main pathological features included foreign body granuloma, red-stained crystal-like deposits in the cytoplasm of foreign body giant cells, birefringent spindle or needle-like crystals under polarized light microscope.Conclusion:Gout in the spinal canal is a rare condition. Dual-energy CT has high sensitivity and specificity in identifying gout and it can provide a more accurate method in diagnosis of spinal gout. However, the final diagnosis depends on postoperative pathology. If case of spinal instability or neurological dysfunction, surgery had to be performed. Hyperuricemia should be treated in order to reduce the risk of acute attacks.

疼痛作为创伤患者最常见的临床症状，具有发生普遍性、时间紧迫性、程度严重性等特点。急性创伤时机体处于高度应激状态，患者可能因为焦虑或兴奋等因素使非甾体类镇痛药物效果不佳，而传统强效阿片类镇痛药物和神经阻滞易产生较多并发症，使创伤性疼痛的控制仍充满挑战。近年来随着脑功能刺激技术的快速发展，以经颅磁刺激(TMS)、经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)等为代表的脑功能调节技术在治疗慢性偏头痛、纤维肌痛、脑卒中患者肌张力下降、脑卒中患者吞咽困难等神经、精神疾病方面展示出巨大潜力。有文献报道tDCS对缓解急性创伤性疼痛具有显著疗效。本文就tDCS治疗急性创伤性疼痛的可能机制、适应证、临床疗效以及存在的不足进行综述，以期为急性创伤性疼痛的治疗提供新的思路。

目的 比较保守治疗、切开复位锁定钢板内固定和人工肱骨头置换术治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的近期临床疗效.方法 2011年7月至2016年7月共收治120例老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折患者,男50例,女70例,平均年龄(76.2±3.6)岁.按Neer分型:三部分骨折58例,四部分骨折62例.34例患者选择保守治疗,44例患者行切开复位锁定板内固术,42例患者行人工肱骨头置换术.分别于术后3个月、12个月比较3组患者肩关节活动度、美国肩肘外科医师(ASES)评分、Constant-Murley评分及视觉模拟评分(VAS).结果 保守组患者术后3个月,肩关节活动度和ASES评分、Constant-Murley评分明显低于内固定组和置换组,而VAS评分高于内固定组和置换组.术后12个月保守组患者肩关节活动度和ASES评分、Constant-Murley评分及VAS评分与内固定组和置换组差距缩小;术后3个月置换组肩关节活动度和ASES评分、Constant-Murley评分及VAS评分优于内固定组,术后12个月内固定组肩关节活动度和ASES评分、Constant-Murley评分及VAS评分接近置换组患者.结论 3种方法治疗老年肱骨近端复杂骨折均能获得比较满意的临床疗效,手术治疗术后早期疗效优于保守组,人工肱骨头置换术早期疗效最优.

[目的]探讨和对比单纯髓内钉固定与髓内钉附加锁定钢板固定治疗股骨粗隆下粉碎性骨折的疗效.[方法]回顾性分析2013年1月～2017年12月本院手术治疗的股骨粗隆下Ⅳ、Ⅴ型粉碎性骨折患者46例.术中先行闭合牵引复位,若透视显示骨折复位不满意,则行髓内钉附加锁定钢板手术,共27例;若透视复位满意,则行常规的单髓内钉置入手术,共19例.比较两组围手术期、随访与影像资料.[结果]两组手术均顺利完成.所有患者无血管、神经损伤等并发症.复合固定组手术时间、切口长度、术中失血量、术后引流量和输血量均显著大于单髓内钉组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).但复合固定组术后卧床伤肢主动活动时间显著早于单髓内钉组(P＜0.05).平均随访时间(15.59±5.15)个月,随术后时间推移,两组下肢功能均逐步恢复.复合固定组术后完全负重行走显著早于单髓内钉组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).随术后时间推移,两组患者的髋关节伸-屈ROM和Harris评分显著增加,而VAS评分显著减少,不同时间点间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后3个月时,复合固定组的ROM和Harris评分显著大于单髓内钉组(P＜0.05),而VAS评分显著小于单髓内钉组(P＜0.05),但是两组间差异在6个月和末次随访时无统计学意义(P＞0.05).影像评估方面,复合固定组骨折愈合时间为(3.89±0.80)个月,而单髓内钉组为(4.53±0.80)个月,两组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).至末次随访时,两组患者均未发生内固定松动、断裂,未发生骨不连、再骨折.[结论]髓内钉附加锁定钢板固定治疗股骨粗隆下粉碎性骨折具有髋关节功能恢复快、骨折愈合时间短等优点.但不可避免会延长手术时间,并增加输血率.

Background To describe the incidence of soft-tissue injuries in patients with surgically treated Schatzker type IV tibial plateau fractures. Methods All tibial plateau fractures in skeletally mature patients treated operatively between January 2013 and August 2018 were retrospectively reviewed using a clinical medical record system. All fractures were categorized according to the AO/OTA classifications. Twenty-seven patients with Schatzker type IV tibial plateau fractures were further classified based on the Wahlquist classification. Associated soft-tissue injuries, which consisted of cruciate ligament injuries, and meniscal and collateral ligament injuries, were diagnosed through operation notes and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. The categorical variables were tested by the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. Results The incidence of lateral meniscus tears and medial meniscus tears was 63% and 44.4% in Schatzker type IV tibial plateau fractures, respectively. Twenty-five (92.6%) patients had sustained anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, and 19 (70.4%) patients had an incomplete injury of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). There were 17 (63%) lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injuries, and 8 (29.6%) medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries. Using the Wahlquist classification, these fractures were categorized as follows: type A, one patient; type B, six patients; type C, twenty patients. There was no significant difference between the type of fracture and the location of soft tissue injuries. Conclusions This study found that operative Schatzker type IV tibial plateau fractures represented a high incidence of soft-tissue injuries, especially LCL injuries, ACL injuries, and meniscus tears. Based on our data, we believe that soft-tissue injuries in operative Schatzker type IV tibial plateau fractures deserve more attention.

目的:探讨股骨转子间骨折患者围手术期输血的影响因素.方法:收集2013年1月至2018年1月因股骨转子间骨折于复旦大学附属金山医院手术281例患者的病例资料,包括性别,年龄,骨折Evans-Jensen分型,既往是否有高血压病史、冠心病史、糖尿病史及脑梗死病史,术前白蛋白、血红蛋白、血小板、活化部分凝血活酶时间,术前等候天数,手术方式,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)麻醉分级以及是否输血.按是否输血分为输血组(127例)与非输血组(154例).采用t检验、秩和检验、χ2检验、logistic回归进行统计学处理.结果:围手术期的输血率为45.2％(127/281).输血组与未输血组相比,性别、骨折分型、糖尿病病史、脑梗死病史、手术方式、麻醉分级、年龄、术前白蛋白水平、术前血红蛋白水平、术前血小板水平及术前等候天数差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).多因素logistic回归分析显示,输血的影响因素有骨折分型为4型或5型、术前血红蛋白<90 g/L、有脑梗死病史、手术方式为人工股骨头置换或行切开复位股骨近端抗旋髓内钉固定术.结论:股骨转子间骨折分型为4型或5型、术前血红蛋白<90 g/L、有脑梗死病史、手术方式为人工股骨头置换或行切开复位股骨近端抗旋髓内钉固定术对股骨转子间骨折患者围手术期输血有影响.

The objective of the study was to compare the radiologic and clinical outcome of patients with distal radius fractures involving the intermediate column and distal radial metaphyseal fractures treated conservatively. Two cohorts of 52 matched patients with distal radius fractures treated conservatively, one with a fracture involving the intermediate column and the other with no intermediate column fracture, were retrospectively analyzed by examining the data. Patients were matched for age, sex, fracture side, and AO fracture type. The two groups were analyzed for differences in wrist motion; grip strength; Gartland and Werley score; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score; and visual analogue scale (VAS) score at 12 months. The differences in continuous variables were compared using the paired t test. Linear regression analyses or Pearson correlation analyses were used to evaluate the associations of radiological parameters with clinical outcomes. The analysis showed significant differences in the range of motion (ROM) for pronation (p = 0.000) and supination (p = 0.008) in the paired groups. There was a significant difference in DASH scores (p = 0.024) in the paired groups. Using Pearson correlation analysis, negative correlations (r = − 0.360, p = 0.000) were observed between articular step-off and ROM for pronation. Linear regression analyses also indicated that ROM for pronation had negative relationships (β = − 6.327, p = 0.001) with articular step-off. Distal radius fractures involving the intermediate column had an adverse effect on forearm rotation after distal radius fractures treated conservatively.

Objective This study was performed to determine the prevalence of triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries as shown by 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with distal radius fractures. Methods In total, 57 patients with distal radius fractures underwent 3.0T MRI examinations to observe the incidence of TFCC injuries after manual reduction and cast fixation. The fracture type was categorized by the AO classification, and the TFCC injury pattern was evaluated using the Palmer classification. The correlation between the location of the TFCC injury and the distal radius fracture pattern, distal radioulnar joint instability, or ulnar styloid fracture was analyzed. Results Fifty-five TFCC injuries were diagnosed. There was no significant relationship between the TFCC injury pattern and the type of distal radius fracture, distal radioulnar joint instability, or ulnar styloid fracture. Conclusions This study revealed a high prevalence of TFCC injuries in patients with distal radius fractures. The 3.0T MRI examination helps to assess TFCC injuries in patients with distal radius fractures. Clinical Trial Registration ChiCTR1800017101.

The intervertebral disc disease is a group of clinical diseases with complex etiology, various clinical symptoms and poor conservative treatment effect. The traditional treatment methods include conservative treatment, local injection and open surgery. In recent years, minimally invasive spine surgery has made great progress and development, and its clinical effect has been fully affirmed. Coblation nucleoplasty (CN) has been mainly used in the treatment of contained disc herniation since it has been used in clinical treatment. Its application is not favorable because of narrow indications, uncertain clinical efficacy and other reasons. At present, the application of CN in the intervertebral disc diseases has been reported in many literatures, and its working principle, operation safety, indications and efficacy have been analyzed and extended. Those literatures play an important role in its clinical application. Therefore, in this paper, the application status of CN in the intervertebral disc diseases is reviewed.

Objective: To explore the feasibility of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) combined with mobile microendoscopic discectomy-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MMED-TLIF) in the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis and its influence on postoperative rehabilitation. Methods: From October 1 2014 to July 1 2016 , a cohort of 52 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis who received the program of ERAS-MMED-TLIF were retrospectively reviewed in Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital.The primary outcomes include the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, VAS score (low back pain and leg pain) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at different follow-up time and complication.The height of intervertebral space and fusion rate were also recorded as radiographic indicators. Results: All cases had an average follow-up of 12 months. The mean operative time was (115±30) min with a mean blood loss of (100±35) ml.Compared with preoperative condition, VAS score of low back pain (6.3±3.3 vs 3.5±2.3, P<0.05), VAS score of leg pain (7.1 ± 4.2 vs 3.1 ± 2.6, P<0.05) and the ODI disability index score (43.5±9.6 vs 20.9±7.3, P<0.05) at the postoperative 24 h were decreased and the difference was statistically significant.The mean hospitalized time were (4.9±1.3) days with mean postoperative hospital stay (2.1±1.2) days.Fusion rate was 92.31% (48/52) at the last follow-up time. Conclusion: ERAS combined with MMED-TLIF is feasible in the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis, which can significantly reduce intraoperative bleeding, shorten the total length of stay and postoperative hospital stay, improve postoperative pain and promote rapid rehabilitation of patients after operation without increasing the operation time and influencing the long-term effect, it can be applied in clinical practice.

Objective To introduce a surgical protocol based on the location and orientation of the apex of the medial condylar fracture line for the treatment of Schatzker type Ⅳ tibial plateau fractures and report the preliminary effectiveness. Methods The clinical data of 18 patients with Schatzker type Ⅳ tibial plateau fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation between March 2012 and April 2016 were retrospectively analysed. There were 6 males and 12 females, aged 36-74 years (mean, 45 years). The causes of injury included traffic accident in 2 cases, falling in 14 cases, bruise injury in 1 case, and crush injury of heavy object in 1 case. All cases were fresh closed fractures, without injury of nerves and blood vessels. According to sub type of Wahlquist tibial plateau type Ⅳ fracture classification, there were 1 case of type A, 5 cases of type B, and 12 cases of type C. The interval of injury and operation was 6-16 days (mean, 9.5 days). The location of the apex of the medial condylar fracture line was determined the surgical approach. After operation, reduction of tibial plateau fractures was evaluated by the DeCoster score evaluation criteria. The knee joint function was assessed by short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA) score and Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score. Results The incisions all healed by first intension after operation without surgery related complications. All the patients obtained satisfactory exposure and reduction during operation. According to DeCoster score evaluation criteria, the results were excellent in 13 cases and fair in 5 cases. All the patients were followed up 12-30 months (mean, 18 months). X-ray films showed that all fractures healed at 10-16 weeks (mean, 12 weeks) after operation. There was no plate displacement, screw loosening, and other complications occurred during follow-up. At last follow-up, the SMFA score was 15-48 (mean, 28.5). The HSS score was 52-94 (mean, 81.1), and the results were excellent in 10 cases, good in 5 cases, fair in 2 cases, and poor in 1 case with an excellent and good rate of 83.3%; the main clinical manifestation was severe traumatic osteoarthritis symptom in 1 case with the fair result. Conclusion The surgical program should be developed based on the location and orientation of the apex of the medial condylar fracture line. Open reduction and internal fixation for treating Schatzker type Ⅳ fractures can achieve satisfactory effectiveness.

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive transforaminal interbody fusion (Mis-TLIF) for spondylolisthesis has been introduced to reduce muscle trauma, minimize blood loss, and achieve earlier rehabilitation. However, there is a lack of evidence-based medicine concerning the therapeutic efficacy of Mis-TLIF versus open TLIF for spondylolisthesis. OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Mis-TLIF versus open TLIF for spondylolisthesis.METHODS: WanFang, CNKI, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases were searched using the keywords of "spondylolisthesis, minimally invasive transforaminal interbody fusion, open transforaminal interbody fusion" in English and Chinese, respectively. The quality evaluation and data extraction of the included literatures were conducted by two authors independently. A meta-analysis was performed on RevMan 5.3 software.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Ten literatures were included, including 7 retrospective and 3 randomized controlled trials; 963 cases were enrolled (489 cases of Mis-TLIF, 474 cases of open TLIF). (1) Meta-analysis results showed that there were no significant differences in the operation time, postoperative complication rate, and fusion rate at the last follow-up between two groups, suggesting that the two methods expose analogical effects on the pain relief and functional recovery. (2) There were significant differences in the intraoperative blood loss and radiological times between two methods. (3) To conclude, Mis-TLIF holds similar operation time, incidence of complications and functional recovery with open TLIF, accompanied by minimized trauma, and reduced intraoperative and postoperative blood loss, which is considered as a safe and effective surgical method.