本试验采取PCR-RFLP的方法,对26个济宁青山羊样本的kiss-1基因进行酶切.酶结果显示,kiss-1基因在此样本中存在三种基因型:一条带的GG型(110lbp)、三条带CG型(1101+805+296bp)、两条带的CC型(805+296bp).kiss-1基因296位点对窝平均产羔数有显著影响(P＜0.05): GG型比CC型多0.85只(P＜0.05),GG型与CG型(P＞0.05)、CG型与CC型之间(P＞0.05)的差异不明显.该位点对初配时间有显著影响(P＜0.05),GG型母羊从出生后到第一次配种的相隔时间比CG型母羊早58.49天(P＜0.05),GG型比CC型母早77.40d(P＜0.05),CG型与CC型从出生后到第一次配种相隔时间之间的差异不显著(P＞0.05).研究表明,kiss-1基因的表达产物能够促进FSH和LH的释放,从而影响山羊的发情期,进而影响其繁殖性能.kiss-1基因296位点G等位基因,无论是在窝平均产羔数,还是在初配时间都占有优势,对其进行研究可为济宁青山羊高繁殖力品系的培育提供一定的基础.

为检测济宁青山羊中BMPR-IB基因是否有A746 G突变,并分析其与产羔数的关系,以便加速推动多胎品系的选育步伐,试验采用PCR-RFLP技术对济宁青山羊子宫组织进行FecB基因检测.结果表明,济宁青山羊中没有检测到A→G的突变,即该检测群体中不存在FecB基因.济宁青山羊多胎高产的性能是否与FecB基因有关还有待进一步研究.

采用PCR-RFLP技术检测济宁青山羊PRLR基因部分序列的单核苷酸多态性,并分析其对济宁青山羊产羔数、出生重的影响,有利于进行分子标记辅助选择从而培育具有高繁殖力的济宁青山羊.结果表明,此次引物所扩增的片段具有多态性,有AA、AB 2种基因型;经χ2检验,该群体符合哈德-温伯格平衡.该基因位点对济宁青山羊产羔数没有显著效应(P>0.05),但是AB基因型产羔数比AA基因型多0.16只;该基因位点对济宁青山羊出生重没有显著效应(P>0.05),但是AB基因型出生重比AA型高0.38 kg.说明此次试验检测的PRLR基因的突变位点对济宁青山羊产羔数、出生重等性状的影响不显著.

Genome flanking regions surrounding transcription start sites (TSSs) are critical for the regulation of gene expression, containing many translational regulatory elements. To investigate whether critical single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) exist around TSSs in the dairy goat genome, we performed high throughput DNA sequencing to compare two dairy goat groups with discrepant litter sizes. After genome mapping, SNP calling, and annotation, we screened the SNPs within 2kb scales surrounding annotated TSSs in high fecundity (HF) and low fecundity (LF) groups, respectively. We attempted to identify distinct SNPs and motifs near the TSSs in both groups. The SNPs near the TSSs most were consistent; 318 new SNPs were uncovered in the HF group, of which 305 were heterozygote SNPs, 13 were homozygote SNPs, and majority of which were distributed on chromosome 2 and 29. After validation by Sanger sequencing we found that a SNP in CHI16: 27612330 C>A in the PSEN2 gene presented an A/A genotype in the HF group and an A/A or A/C genotype in the LF group. In conclusion, our study provides insightful information into the dairy goat genomic variations surrounding TSSs, which may contribute to enhanced litter size. Based on comparison studies of SNPs exist around transcription start sites between high fecundity group and low fecundity group. Our finding provides insights concerning the goat litter size phenotypic and will promote future goat breeding.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the Fusarium toxins of trichothecene family which is widespread in nature.DON not only can bind to the ribosome to induce ribotoxic stress and oxidative stress in animals,but also induces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis.In this review we summarized the harms findings on the pig industry,in order to provide more useful reference for the production of pig.

As the traditional domestic livestock,dairy goats are important economic animals in China,goat milk industry is indispensable component of agricultural region economic development.With the continuous development of next generation breeding technology,the new germplasm and breeding of dairy goat in our country are facing with new developmental opportunities and severe challenges.Therefore,it's necessary to improve the traditional breeding technique system,effectively implement molecular breeding and genetic markers,strengthen genetic improvement of varieties,set up the core population of excellent germplasm,further promote the promotion and applications of new genomic breeding technology,these are not only benefitial to dairy goats breed optimization and goat milk industry structure adjustment,but also major strategic objectives for the sustainable development of livestock industry.

With the advent of the whole genome era,the advantages of high-throughput sequencing in discovering new genes and molecular markers for farm animals are prominently increasing,at the same time,the association between variation and phenotype has been established successfully by Genome-wide association studies (GWAS),the new genomic genetic variation will play the vital roles in economic traits improvement in livestock due to the perfect modern molecular breeding and Genomic selection (GS) technologies.Presently,the investigation for molecular genetic markers of essential economic traits in sheep and goat is still relatively little,the publication of high quality reference genome in domestic livestock will provide an evolutionary opportunity for the genetic improvement.In light of this,the paper reviewed the researches on GWAS analysis and GS breeding of sheep and goat's economic traits.

Making use of the near infrared spectral examination principle,the Cypermethrin agrochemical remains on vegetable has been researched.A photoelectricity transform system and an optical system,which could examinweak signal,are designed.Under different environment condition,we analysed the agrochemical remains on the vegetable of the same race with different color,and that of the same race with different color.