Employing a sequential mixed-methods design combining survey (N = 607), interviews (N = 30), and digital ethnography, the study traces pathways from technology adoption to clinical interaction and introduces the concept of “algorithm-mediated negotiated authority.” Findings indicate that trust in generative AI arises from both perceived technical capability and socially conferred legitimacy, mediated by cognitive load. Health literacy and technology anxiety moderate this process, resulting in unequal empowerment. Authority is dynamically co-constructed as patients strategically introduce AI advice and physicians respond with explanatory, reassertive, or reserved strategies. Theoretically, the study bridges macro-level power critique with micro-behavioral analysis, advancing the “medical gaze” into a “negotiated gaze.” It extends technology acceptance models by emphasizing legitimacy construction and cognitive internalization, framing generative AI as a reconstructive force that reshapes clinical communication.

African media play a pivotal role in shaping public perceptions of climate change and influencing related policy agendas through framing and constructing climate justice discourses. This study examines how climate change is framed and constructed in news coverage published on AllAfrica, focusing on the evolution of the salience of specific frames and sub-themes. This study conducts a quantitative content analysis and a qualitative discourse analysis of 527 English and French news reports on climate change, published between 2015 and 2025. The findings revealed that the "problem definition" frame and "attribution of responsibility" frame dominated all periods, while the "conflict" frame remained marginal. African media reporting highlights the continent's vulnerability to climate change while simultaneously articulating discourses of climate justice. By foregrounding positive climate futures and scientific consensus, African media create discursive opportunities that provide a basis for policy advocacy and public action.

This study examines strategic differences between Democratic and Republican YouTube influencers during the 2024 US presidential election and their association with comment-level political polarization. Drawing on digital opinion leadership theory, platform architecture perspectives, and visual framing research, we employ a mixed-methods design integrating framing analysis with latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling. The study analyzes 373 videos and 371,124 user comments published between July 27 and November 30, 2024. These data were sourced from 40 YouTube channels with at least 100,000 subscribers. Findings reveal that Democratic creators adopted a moral-crisis framing strategy while Republicans emphasized an opportunity–explanation framing model, and that 56.4% of comment discourse centers on candidate personality rather than policy substance, exhibiting patterns consistent with affective polarization. The study develops and empirically calibrates the YouTube polarization risk assessment scale through ordinary least squares regression analysis (R² = 0.224, p < 0.001), identifying political stance strength and humor/sarcasm as the strongest predictors of comment polarization, thereby providing an exploratory, empirically informed framework for assessing polarization risk in platform-based political communication.

As AI becomes a central element of national and global development strategies, actors are promoting AI literacy through policies that foster highly skilled talent and equip citizens to engage with AI in everyday life. This study conducts a comparative policy analysis of 41 AI literacy policies from the EU, US, India, and China, examining convergences and divergences in domestic talent cultivation and international talent attraction strategies. Research indicates that actors often follow similar pathways, including expanding AI and STEM programs in higher education and establishing dedicated institutions to strengthen internal talent reserves. Simultaneously, efforts are made to integrate technical and socio-technical competence into inclusive education, advancing AI literacy across society. Nevertheless, influenced by labor market saturation, AI industry development, and strategic positioning, AI literacy policies also exhibit regional variations. This study contributes to understanding global trajectories in AI policy development.

This study, based on media richness theory and social cognitive theory, explores the materials, processes, and perceived effects of virtual reality (VR) therapy in the treatment of depression and anxiety in China. Through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 30 patients, results indicate that participants perceived VR therapy as enhancing their sense of immersion through real-time interaction, multisensory signals, and the integration of Chinese cultural elements. By examining patients' experiences from the perspectives of modeling, self-efficacy, and outcome expectancies, most patients reported perceiving emotional relief. However, a few patients also reported limitations, including simplistic VR scenes, insufficient interactivity, and a decline in perceived effectiveness over time. This study suggests that future VR therapies should focus on cultural adaptation by designing treatment scenarios that resonate more deeply with local cultural characteristics, and on integrating VR therapy with other forms of treatment to support longer-term engagement through regular follow-ups and ongoing support. In addition, exploring multi-user interaction modes that allow patients to communicate with other patients or healthcare professionals in virtual environments is recommended.

This paper analyses the environmental communication of three actors in China (government, media, and public) on World Environment Day (WED) from 2013 to 2022. It employs social network analysis (SNA) and content analysis to compare the topics and strategies of each participant, thereby generalizing China's environmental communication experience. The study reveals three distinct approaches aligned with China's WED themes: government communications emphasize policy narratives (48.11% contextual frames), media focus on scientific translation (33.33% science education), while public discourse balances support (64.02% positive) with critical demands (11.40% negative). The strategic use of localized themes and positive framing (government: 97.17%, media: 93.65%) effectively coordinates multi-stakeholder participation, as evidenced by quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) correlations reaching a relatively high level in 2021-2022. These findings demonstrate how theme localization and role differentiation can harmonize policy consistency with public engagement in environmental campaigns.

The burgeoning use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) in advertising calls for a deeper understanding of its effectiveness drivers. This study, grounded in the Hierarchy-of-Effects model, empirically investigates how consumer perceptions unique to GAI (novelty, attitude toward GAI, perceived effort) and the potent affective response of awe shape behavioral intentions toward GAI-generated advertisements. Based on SEM analysis of survey data from 306 Chinese consumers, findings demonstrate significant positive direct effects of novelty, attitude toward GAI, and awe on behavioral intentions. Importantly, awe serves as a significant partial mediator for the effects of perceived effort, novelty, and attitude toward GAI on behavioral intentions. This research illuminates the nuanced psychological pathways of GAI advertising persuasion, underscoring awe as a central emotional conduit. It highlights that consumer engagement with GAI-created advertising is profoundly influenced by affective experiences, offering critical guidance for marketers aiming to strategically and effectively leverage GAI.

Based on a three-level meta-analysis of 55 studies (188 effect sizes; N = 40,924), emotional reactions were positively associated with information sharing (r = 0.32). Moderator analyses revealed stronger associations for positive (r = 0.46) than negative (r = 0.25) emotions, interpersonal (r = 0.39) than media (r = 0.24) channels, and sharing behavior (r = 0.35) than intention (r = 0.28). The strength of association varied by topic, with larger estimates for multi-topic (r = 0.56) and commercial content (r = 0.45). This meta-analysis offers a cross-study test of Emotional Broadcaster Theory and identifies boundary conditions shaping the relationship between emotional reactions and information sharing.

This study examines the content characteristics, audience interaction, and experience feedback of artificial intelligence (AI)-generated psychological healing videos on Douyin, a popular short-video platform in China. It integrates a multimodal analysis framework with stress recovery theory to conduct content analysis of 354 AI-generated healing videos on Douyin and semi-structured interviews with 30 viewers. The study finds that AI-generated videos typically employ hand-drawn animation and warm color tones to establish a safe atmosphere, combined with fantastical visual elements such as biological transformation and material substitution to create stylized, fixed content patterns. Videos that abandon complex narratives and directly construct simple emotional atmospheres through abstract concepts and atmospheric rendering receive significantly higher audience interaction. Users' viewing behaviors have clear functional intentions, often using the videos proactively during times of anxiety or insomnia and relying on platform algorithms to recommend matching content for brief, controllable emotional relief. These findings suggest the emotion-regulation potential of AI-generated psychological healing videos as an accessible form of digital stress-relief media content.

This study analyses the content and strategic features of short videos of embodied health experiences posted by cancer patients on Douyin and examines the audience interactions these videos generate. A content analysis of 525 videos showed that patients posted videos on almost all common types of cancer and that mental health, treatment, and daily life were popular topics. Guided by the health belief model, this study reveals that many videos reflect patients' beliefs about health with a focus on cues to action, self-efficacy, and benefits. Drawing on the theory of rhetorical appeals, this study finds that rational appeals are more common, but emotional appeals generate more audience interaction. According to the motivational theory of role modeling, patients motivate their audience by acting as behavioral models and providing inspiration, although videos that represent possibilities tend to evoke more audience engagement. These results reveal the unique characteristics and value of the embodied experiences of cancer patients and help to reexamine the role that patients play in health communication.

This study aims to analyse how Chinese government agencies utilize social media to advance the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Guided by public communication concepts and framing theory, we distil the frames and frame functions from 31,453 Weibo posts published by Chinese government agencies through automated content analysis and employ statistical analysis to verify the relationships between the SDGs and frame functions, as well as between frame functions and audience interactions. The findings reveal that Chinese government agencies employ five distinct frame functions in descending order of usage, namely, mobilization, consequence, notification, solution, and attribution, to disseminate information related to the SDGs. Different frame functions for public communication are selected by the government on the basis of the content and focus of various SDGs. Weibo posts that utilize notification, consequence, and mobilization frame functions tend to garner more audience interactions effectively. These results demonstrate the feasibility of public sector mobilization through social media, offering valuable insights for global governments and public sectors on how to use social media to promote the SDGs.

As global digitalization and cybersecurity threats intensify, digital sovereignty has become increasingly significant as a vital component of national security and economic independence. Utilizing the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method and through data from 30 countries, the study identifies internal stability-driven, externally driven, comprehensively coordinated, and externally dependent pathways to achieving digital sovereignty. These four pathways reveal how countries effectively safeguard their digital sovereignty under different contexts through combinations of international cooperation (IC), legal framework (LF), and technological capability (TC). The study finds that IC, as a universal condition, plays a pivotal role in all pathways, acting both as a "binding agent" in multi-level governance to connect diverse stakeholders and as a "leveraging factor" to amplify the effects of other conditions. This study not only enriches the theoretical foundation of digital sovereignty, highlighting the necessity of understanding the complexity and diversity of multi-factor combinations in digital governance, but also provides practical references for the formulation and implementation of digital sovereignty policies on a global scale. (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(fsQCA)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)30(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic):(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(IC)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)"(sic)(sic)(sic)", (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)"(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)".(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)"(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)"(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). A medida que se intensifican las amenazas globales a la digitalizaci & oacute;n y la ciberseguridad, la soberan & iacute;a digital adquiere cada vez mayor importancia como componente vital de la seguridad nacional y la independencia econ & oacute;mica. Utilizando el m & eacute;todo de an & aacute;lisis comparativo cualitativo de conjuntos difusos (fsQCA) y con datos de 30 pa & iacute;ses, el estudio identifica v & iacute;as impulsadas por la estabilidad interna, impulsadas externamente, coordinadas integralmente y dependientes del exterior para lograr la soberan & iacute;a digital. Estas cuatro v & iacute;as revelan c & oacute;mo los pa & iacute;ses protegen eficazmente su soberan & iacute;a digital en diferentes contextos mediante la combinaci & oacute;n de cooperaci & oacute;n internacional, marcos legales y capacidades tecnol & oacute;gicas. El estudio concluye que la cooperaci & oacute;n internacional (CI), como condici & oacute;n universal, desempe & ntilde;a un papel fundamental en todas las v & iacute;as, actuando como un "agente vinculante" en la gobernanza multinivel para conectar a diversas partes interesadas y como un "factor de palanca" para amplificar los efectos de otras condiciones. Esta investigaci & oacute;n no s & oacute;lo enriquece la base te & oacute;rica de la soberan & iacute;a digital, destacando la necesidad de comprender la complejidad y diversidad de combinaciones multifactoriales en la gobernanza digital, sino que tambi & eacute;n proporciona referencias pr & aacute;cticas para la formulaci & oacute;n e implementaci & oacute;n de pol & iacute;ticas de soberan & iacute;a digital a escala global.

Guided by technology appropriation theory, this study investigates the adoption of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) across China's four-tier media system through interviews with 44 journalists. Although GAI technologies are widely accessible and have low barriers to entry, their depth and innovativeness of use vary considerably across institutional levels, shaped by both structural and agentic factors. National-level media prioritize compliance and social responsibility; provincial and municipal outlets emphasize efficiency and innovation; county-level media, meanwhile, often adopt GAI defensively. The diffusion of GAI in Chinese journalism thus reflects cautious and selective empowerment rather than wholesale replacement, with core journalistic functions remaining irreplaceable by AI. The findings reveal a dynamic digital divide within Chinese media, influenced by stratification, mobility, and policy support. This study advances understanding of technology appropriation and digital inequality in emerging technology contexts, providing empirical insights for China and the broader Global South.

This article draws on the theoretical framework of contentious publicness, integrated with the concept of legal standing, to track the movement of environmental public interest litigation (EPIL) initiated by the Chinese non-governmental organization (NGO), Friends of Nature (FoN). The results showed that by utilizing the technological infrastructure provided by Weibo, FoN effectively brought the EPIL debate into the public sphere and media spotlight. The sensitive capture of changes in the policy environment enabled FoN to develop a flexible campaign repertoire that maintained the campaign’s continuity and visibility. The results also showed that Weibo blurred the boundaries between the private and public spheres. By merging personal reputation with the movement’s practices, FoN underscored the legitimacy and importance of the organization’s efforts. Moreover, the immediacy and anonymity offered by Weibo facilitate fluid transitions between protest spaces, effectively addressing asymmetrical visibility challenges.

BackgroundDigital health interventions have emerged as promising tools to promote health behavior change and improve health outcomes. However, a comprehensive synthesis of strategies contributing to these interventions is lacking. ObjectiveThis study aims to (1) identify and categorize the strategies used in digital health interventions over the past 25 years; (2) explore the differences and changes in these strategies across time periods, countries, populations, delivery methods, and senders; and (3) serve as a valuable reference for future researchers and practitioners to improve the effectiveness of digital health interventions. MethodsThis study followed a systematic review approach, complemented by close reading and text coding. A comprehensive search for published English academic papers from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus was conducted. The search employed a combination of digital health and intervention-related terms, along with database-specific subject headings and filters. The time span covered 25 years, from January 1, 1999, to March 10, 2024. Sample papers were selected based on study design, intervention details, and strategies. The strategies were identified and categorized based on the principles of Behavior Change Techniques and Behavior Strategies. ResultsA total of 885 papers involving 954,847 participants met the eligibility criteria. We identified 173 unique strategies used in digital health interventions, categorized into 19 themes. The 3 most frequently used strategies in the sample papers were “guide” (n=492, 55.6%), “monitor” (n=490, 55.4%), and “communication” (n=392, 44.3%). The number of strategies employed in each paper ranged from 1 to 32. Most interventions targeted clients (n=844, 95.4%) and were carried out in hospitals (n=268, 30.3%). High-income countries demonstrated a substantially higher number and diversity of identified strategies than low- and middle-income countries, and the number of studies targeting the public (n=647, 73.1%) far exceeded those focusing on vulnerable groups (n=238, 26.9%). ConclusionsDigital health interventions and strategies have undergone considerable development over the past 25 years. They have evolved from simple approaches to sophisticated, personalized techniques and are trending toward multifaceted interventions, leveraging advanced technologies for real-time monitoring and feedback. Future studies should focus on rigorous evaluations, long-term effectiveness, and tailored approaches for diverse populations, and more attention should be given to vulnerable groups.

Guided by the information integration theory, this paper uses the case of "Northern Myanmar Investigation," a series of short video investigative journalism, to conduct a content analysis on 194 news items from the perspectives of information sources, journalist roles, and news frames. Variance analysis and semi-structured interviews are used to compare audience interactions with different types of news and to explore how audiences integrate and evaluate news information. The study shows that audiences are more engaged by receiving information from a range of sources, including victim interviews, undercover investigations, and journalists' narratives. Audiences also engage with journalists working as collectors or educators, and news frames that focus on attribution of responsibility or human interest. Most audience members primarily consider information sources as critical indicators of the importance and reliability of short video investigative journalism, rather than journalist roles or news frames. The findings suggest that short videos are suitable for investigative journalism and can cover news events relatively comprehensively, even though they consist of multiple short segments. We find it is therefore feasible to use short video platforms to publish and disseminate works of investigative journalism.

In the evolving digital era, user-generated content (UGC) plays a crucial role in shaping journalistic narratives, shedding light on the corporeal realities of news coverage. This study delves into the embodied nature of UGC-its visual, auditory, and emotional components-that significantly enhance the perceptual immediacy and authenticity of news. Utilizing descriptive and correlational analyses, this research examines how these embodied characteristics impact journalistic authenticity and emotional resonance. The findings illuminate that aspects such as on-site Filming and emotional Language are closely linked with journalistic objectivity and emotional intensity. Moreover, the incorporation of UGC foregrounds ethical challenges, highlighting concerns over privacy and misinformation, which are pivotal in maintaining journalistic integrity. This analysis underscores the necessity for news organizations to adeptly navigate these complexities, promoting an understanding of how the corporeal engagement facilitated by UGC redefines journalistic practices and values. By emphasizing the material and discursive positioning of bodies in journalism, this paper contributes to broader discussions on the corporeal dimensions of communication in the digital age, offering guidelines for establishing ethical standards that respect both the integrity of news and its inherently participatory nature.

Taking Goffman's theater metaphor as a theoretical perspective, this study explores how Chinese journalists engage in branding practices in a multiplatform environment through content analysis of profiles (N = 34) and posts (N = 506) from Weibo and Douyin. The results show that journalists tend to employ Weibo as a relationship-oriented platform, offering back stage insights, humor, and support for personal, organizational, and institutional brands. Conversely, Douyin is more understood by journalists as a content-oriented platform, favored for publishing matters related to public affairs and expressing personal perspectives on news topics. The results also reveal the platform preferences of Chinese journalists' branding practices across media types. Journalists from party-oriented official media and market-oriented commercial media have balanced professionalism and individuality by flexibly applying platform logic, while market-oriented commercial media journalists have maintained a relatively consistent presentation of their identity on Weibo and Douyin. This study provides insights into the dynamics of journalistic branding and the concept of the "journalistic I."

This paper analyses 8,033 Weibo posts to examine Chinese netizens’ perceptions and attitudes towards carbon neutrality. Automated and manual content analysis methods are used to identify themes, topics, and interest considerations in the posts, while SnowNLP is employed to assess netizens’ attitudes. The results show that carbon neutrality remains a controversial issue in China. Under popular themes such as carbon management, industry retrofits, energy use, and environmental behavior, netizens extensively discuss the negative consequences of implementing carbon neutrality policies. Different netizens have varying interests in the implementation of carbon neutrality, such as global interests, national interests, industry interests, group interests, corporate interests, individual interests, and others. Although the majority of internet users hold a supportive attitude towards carbon neutrality, the support rate has declined over time.

Meyrowitz’s media context theory proposes that new media and their contexts will lead to new behaviors. This article adopts media context theory as a framework and utilizes a textual analysis approach to analyze what Meyrowitz termed middle region behaviors and the contextualization strategies of the traditional Chinese news media (People’s Daily) on the social media platform Weibo. The findings reveal three of People’s Daily’s Weibo news’ innovation strategies: the middle regionalization of news contexts (live news, vlog news, chatbox news); personalized production of important news (Weibo commentary, user-produced news); and equal dialogue with the public (daily greetings, holiday greetings, popularizing science). The study also indicates that traditional news media can utilize social media to consolidate communication effectiveness and reconstruct their credibility while actively participating in social governance. In light of these findings, we think that the “contextualization” strategies employed by People’s Daily on the Weibo platform offer meaningful possibilities for traditional news organizations’ integration into social media, such as exploring innovative approaches to news presentation, emphasizing audience interaction, appropriately providing “non-news content” for the audience, and maintaining a commitment to objectivity and fairness in news reporting.