沙棘在药品、保健品、食品、化妆品、生态保护等领域具有很高的研究和开发价值,在民族医学领域应用广泛、历史悠久,现代研究也发现了许多有益于人类健康的药理作用.本文对国内外沙棘的分类分布和基本形态特征、在民族医学中的药用历史以及中医药对沙棘的开发应用现状进行归纳、梳理,在此基础上主要总结现代研究关于沙棘对心血管疾病的药理作用,全面客观的反应沙棘巨大的潜在药用价值.最后,建议通过整合沙棘资源优势、传统临床应用经验、现代基础研究成果,深度开发对治疗心血管疾病的药物,提升沙棘的应用价值,为人类健康造福.

本草记载牦牛角具清热解毒、凉血熄风之功.现代研究表明,牦牛角中主要含有蛋白质及巯基多肽类、氨基酸类、核苷类、宏微量元素类等成分,具有解热、镇静、镇痛等生物活性.对牦牛角化学成分组成、生物活性评价、药用价值体现、资源化利用等方面的研究进展进行了较为系统的回顾性分析和整理,提出在牦牛资源产业链中应重视和珍惜牦牛角药用价值的深度挖掘、重视和加强牦牛角在医药领域的基础性研究、重视和开展牦牛角药材标准的研究,以期为牦牛角这一宝贵的民族动物药资源的多元化、高值化利用提供参考.

牦牛角药用记载于公元8世纪《四部医典》与明代《本草纲目》.随着其资源的丰富及现代研究的深入,牦牛角的资源价值越来越受到关注.从资源现状、传统本草记载及临床应用等方面对牦牛角这一独特的民族药用动物药材进行较为系统地梳理和分析,以期深入挖掘其药用资源价值,提升资源利用效率,为牦牛角资源产业链的延伸提供参考.

本文探讨藏医对黄褐斑的认识思路和理论分型,并依据不同证型使用藏药经典验方"永嘎祛斑散"治疗的可行性分析,将利用现代的技术手段调制成面膜,依据黄褐斑诊断标准,结合藏医证理论,探索藏医治疗黄褐斑的优势和创新方法.

宁为心脏,隆是藏医三因学说之一,生理状态下的“隆”具有粗、轻、冷、细、硬、动等6种属性.就机体的具体生理活动而言.主要司呼吸、运动、排泄、循环、感觉、机体免疫等机能,由于其部位各关系的不同可分为5种:①维命隆:位于头部,运行于颈、胸.主司饮咽、呼吸、唾味、吐痰、思维、感官等.②上行隆:位于胸部,运行于鼻、舌、咽部.主司语言、神志、色泽、意志、意念等.③遍布隆:位于心脏,运行于全身.主司血液循环、体力、四肢运行等.④平火隆:位于心脏,运行于全身.主司血液循环、体力、四肢运行等.⑤下泄隆:位于肛门.运行于大肠、膀胱、生殖器、大腿内侧.主司精血、二便、分娩等.在病理状态下即心脏的“隆”病,主要是由烦恼过度、悲哀、失眠、食欲不振等所引起.其主要症状为颤抖、背部发胀、神志模糊、心慌、叹气.

扎加老师是西藏昌都地区察雅县藏医院的著名藏医专家,他传承藏医放血疗法技术多年,具有丰富的临床经验,是目前藏医界完全掌握77条放血部位并能开展放血疗法为数不多的专家之一,文章简要总结了项目组成员学习和继承扎加老师放血疗法的临床经验,以飨读者。

Objective:To investigate the safety and effectiveness of Ditong liquid nasal spray in the treat-ment of symptoms of cold and stuffy noses (acute rhinitis). Methods:In a randomized, blinded, parallel con-trolled, multi-center safety/efficacy study, 88 patients with symptoms of cold and stuffy noses were enrolled. The patients were treated by either Ditong liquid nasal spray, 1～2 squirts in each nostril, 3～4 times daily for 5 days (n=66), or rhinitis drop (spray) 1～2 squirts in each nostril, 3～4 times daily for 5 days (control, n=22). Primary outcome measures were based on cold and stuffy noses clinical efficacy criterion; nasal symptoms, total change in symptoms and remission/duration time of stuff noses were observed. Secondary outcome measures were general physical examination, safety assessment (adverse events) and clinical measurements. Results:Of the 88 patients, the full recovery rate, partial recovery rate, effective rate and ineffective rate were 24.24%, 31.82%, 37.88% and 6.06% in Ditong group, and 4.55%, 36.36%, 36.36% and 22.73% in control group, respective-ly. The overall effectiveness of Ditong was significantly better than control (P<0.05). However, the difference in remission time of stuff nose between two groups was not significant as analyzed by rank sum test but was significant by t test (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in temperature,respiration, heart rate, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure between before and after treatment. No obvious adverse effects were found in both groups. Con-clusion:Ditong nasal spray is effective and safe in the treatment of cold and stuff nose (acute rhinitis).

松巴.益西班觉是18世纪著名的蒙藏医药学家及博学家,毕生致力于学术研究,精通大小五明学,获得"班智达"学位,是一位学识渊博,闻名蒙藏地区的大学问家,他对传统蒙医药学和藏医以及古印度医学均有研究,而且造诣很深。在行医实践中积累了丰富的临证经验,特别是在医治蒙古地区常见病和地方病方面经验更为丰富。他将古印度《医经八支》和藏医《四部医典》的理论同蒙古人的体质、生活特点及居住地区的气候等实际情况和传统医药结合起来,创造性的进行研究,在理论上不拘泥于古训,创造性地提出"六基学"理论,使蒙医学在理论和实践方面都获得了较系统的发展,是蒙医基础理论的奠基人,为蒙藏医学的交流及发展做出了极大的贡献。但历代学者对松巴.益西班觉的生平观点不同,众说纷云,笔者试图以多年潜心研究的结论及松巴.益西班觉亲自撰写的详、略两本《自传》为依据,肯定松巴.益西班觉的生平事迹及学术成就。

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of Ranjiangduoji capsule in the treatment of the active rheumatoid arthritis (Retention of Cold-damp in the collaterals). Methods The double-blind, randomized and placebo controlled muti-central methods was adopted. Two hundred and forty patients were randomized to treatment group (n=120, Ranjiangduoji capsule, 2 capsules bid) and control group (n=120, placebo, 2 capsules bid). Both groups were treated with MTX (10 mg/week) as baseline treatment. The duration was 4 weeks. Main outcomes were effective rate, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), C-reactive Protein (CRP), etc. Results The effective rate of treatment group was 72.0%, the effective rate of TCM syndrome was 82.2%, there was significant difference between the two groups (P0.05). For improvement on arthralgia and arthroncus, there was also significant difference between the two groups (P0.05) after 4 weeks duration. No obvious adverse effect was found in the observation. Conclusions Ranjiangduoji capsule has the clinical effect in treatment of the active rheumatoid arthritis, and has few side effects. Ranjiangduoji capsule can alleviate pain of joints.

采用十三味鹏鸟丸口服,每日2次,连续服用2～3疗程,治疗脑中风患者,经观察对出血性和缺血性脑中风均有显著的效果,总有效率达97.7%.